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Small airway immunoglobulin A profile in emphysema-predominant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第16期133卷 1915-1921页

作者： Hu Liu huo-yan tang Jian-Ying Xu Zhi-Gang Pang Department of Respiratory Medicine Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030032China Shanxi Medical University TaiyuanShanxi 030001China

Background:Due to airway remodeling and emphysematous destruction in the lung,the two classical clinical phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)are emphysema and bronchiolitis.The present study was designed to investigate the levels of small airway immunoglobulin A(IgA)in COPD with“emphysema phenotype.”The study also evaluated the associations between the small airway IgA levels and the severity of disease by the extent of emphysema versus airflow limitation.Methods:Thirty patients(20 with COPD and ten healthy smokers)undergoing lung resection surgery for a solitary peripheral nodule were included.The study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2018 in the Shanxi Dayi Hospital.The presence of small airway IgA expression was determined in the lung by immunohistochemistry.In vivo,Wistar rats were exposed to silica by intratracheal instillation.Rats were sacrificed at 15 and 30 days after exposure of silica(n=10 for each group).We also evaluated airway IgA from rats.Results:Small airway secretory IgA(sIgA),dimeric IgA(dIgA),and dIgA/sIgA of Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease grade 1–2 COPD patients showed no difference compared with smoking control subjects(5.15±1.53 vs.6.03±0.85;1.94±0.66 vs.1.67±0.04;41.69±21.02 vs.28.44±9.45,all P>0.05).dIgA/sIgA level in the lung of COPD patients with emphysema showed higher levels than that of COPD patients without emphysema(51.89±24.81 vs.31.49±9.28,P=0.03).The percentage of low-attenuation area below 950 Hounsfield units was positively correlated with dIgA/sIgA levels(r=0.45,P=0.047),but not associated with the severity of disease by spirometric measurements(forced expiratory volume in the first second%pred,P>0.05).Likewise,in the rat study,significant differences in sIgA,dIgA,dIgA/sIgA,mean linear intercept,mean alveoli number,and mean airwaythickness of bronchioles(VVairway,allP<0.01)were only observed between control rats and those exposed for 30 days.However,in the group exposed for 15 days,although theVVairwaywas higher than th

关键词： Immunoglobulin A B cell Emphysema Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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A nitric oxide-triggered hydrolysis reaction to construct controlled self-assemblies with complex topologies

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1289-1299页

作者： Wenzhuo Chen Yuping tang Shuai Chen Zipei Chen Jia He Hongbin huo Juan Zhang Jiajia Li Fei yan Wei Tian Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs ResearchCollege of PharmacyShaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyang 712046China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology Xi’an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic DeviceMOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary ConditionsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Department of Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

Hydrolysis reactions are capable of directing the non-equilibrium assembly of biomolecular scaffolds to realize sophisticated structures and functions in natural systems.However,utilizing the proper hydrolysis reactions to construct controlled assemblies with complex topologies is still an arduous challenge in artificial systems and needs to be addressed.Herein,we report a nitric oxide(NO)-triggered slow hydrolysis strategy for the controlled construction of biomimetic supramolecular toroids(STs),thus realizing their visualization of intermediate structures and regulation of geometry parameters.This presented protocol harnesses hydrolysis reactions to control of non-equilibrium self-assembly processes for the construction of self-assemblies with complex topologies successfully,which sheds light on how the hydrolysis reaction rate can modulate the kinetic pathway of assembly,thus realizing the artificial establishment of bio-inspired hierarchical structures.

关键词： supramolecular toroids controlled self-assembly nitic oxide-triggered hydrolysis pathway regulation

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Recent Advances in Mechanistic Understanding of Metal-Free Carbon Thermocatalysis and Electrocatalysis with Model Molecules

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 74-97页

作者： Wei Guo Linhui Yu Ling tang yan Wan yangming Lin CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002People’s Republic of China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002People’s Republic of China Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021People’s Republic of China

Metal-free carbon,as the most representative heterogeneous metal-free catalysts,have received considerable interests in electro-and thermo-catalytic reac-tions due to their impressive performance and sustainability.Over the past decade,well-designed carbon catalysts with tunable structures and heteroatom groups coupled with various characterization techniques have proposed numerous reaction mechanisms.However,active sites,key intermediate species,precise structure-activity relationships and dynamic evolution processes of carbon catalysts are still rife with controversies due to the monotony and limitation of used experimental methods.In this Review,we sum-marize the extensive efforts on model catalysts since the 2000s,particularly in the past decade,to overcome the influences of material and structure limitations in metal-free carbon catalysis.Using both nanomolecule model and bulk model,the real contribution of each alien species,defect and edge configuration to a series of fundamentally important reactions,such as thermocatalytic reactions,electrocatalytic reactions,were systematically studied.Combined with in situ techniques,isotope labeling and size control,the detailed reaction mechanisms,the precise 2D structure-activity relationships and the rate-determining steps were revealed at a molecular level.Furthermore,the outlook of model carbon catalysis has also been proposed in this work.

关键词： Metal-free carbon catalysts Model catalyst Electrocatalysis Active site Reaction mechanisms

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Model-driven path planning for robotic plasma cutting of branch pipe with single Y-groove based on pipe-rotating scheme

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 94-107页

作者： yan Liu Qiu tang Xin-Cheng Tian School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan250061People’s Republic of China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Unmanned System Ministry of EducationJinan250061People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan250101People’s Republic of China

The automatic cutting of intersecting pipes is a challenging task in manufacturing.For improved automation and accuracy,this paper proposes a model-driven path planning approach for the robotic plasma cutting of a branch pipe with a single Y-groove.Firstly,it summarizes the intersection forms and introduces a dual-pipe intersection model.Based on this model,the moving three-plane structure(a description unit of the geometric characteristics of the intersecting curve)is constructed,and a geometric model of the branch pipe with a single Y-groove is defined.Secondly,a novel mathematical model for plasma radius and taper compensation is established.Then,the compensation model and groove model are integrated by establishing movable frames.Thirdly,to prevent collisions between the plasma torch and workpiece,the torch height is planned and a branch pipe-rotating scheme is proposed.Through the established models and moving frames,the planned path description of cutting robot is provided in this novel scheme.The accuracy of the proposed method is verified by simulations and robotic cutting experiments.

关键词： Automatic groove cutting of intersecting pipes Model-driven robot path planning Plasma beam radius and taper compensation

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Prefrontocortical Astrocytes Regulate Dominance Hierarchy in Male Mice

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第3期40卷 415-417页

作者： Yong tang Hai-yan Yin Peter Illes School of Acupuncture and Tuina Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075China International Joint Research Center on Purinergic Signaling Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075China Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Leipzig04107 LeipzigGermany

Social hierarchy is a general self-organizational scheme in animal societies in which each member achieves a certain status of domination or subordination when getting access to resources,with profound consequences for survival,health,reproductive success,and multiple behaviors[1,2].The prefrontal cortex(PFC)was recognized as a central regulator of neuronal circuits determining the formation of social hierarchy;brain areas upstream of the PFC convey information about social status,and downstream brain regions execute dominance behavior[3].Social deficits have been suggested to be due to an elevation of excitatory/inhibitory(E/l)balance within the mouse dorsomedial(dm)PFC[4].A compensatory increase of inhibitory cell excitability partially rescued social deficits caused by such a disturbance of E/l balance.

关键词： consequences hierarchy determining

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Changes in renal function and morphological variations of kidney diseases in rheumatoid arthritis patients

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 304-310页

作者： yan tang Yuliya Varavko Raisa Aringazina Irina Menshikova College of Medical Technology Yongzhou Vocational Technical CollegeYongzhouChina Department of Internal Diseases Propaedeutics Irkutsk State Medical UniversityIrkutskRussian Federation Department of Internal Diseases No.1 Non-Commercial Joint-Stock Society“West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University”AktobeKazakhstan Department of Hospital Therapy No.1 I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation(Sechenov University)MoscowRussian Federation

Objective:Rheumatoid nephropathy is one of the most severe extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis(RA)associated with a very unfavorable prognosis.This study aimed to identify changes in renal function and morphological variations of kidney diseases in RA patients.Methods:The study enrolled patients(126 patients)between 18 and 55 years of age with a confirmed active RA of more than 12 months.Each patient underwent the following range of laboratory and instrumental research methods:general clinical analysis of blood and urine,performing urinalysis according to Nechiporenko method;determining daily proteinuria;determining the blood content of glucose,urea,creatinine,uric acid,total bilirubin,liver transaminase level,ionogram,lipidogram,and coagulogram;determining the blood content of rheumatoid factor,anti-streptolysin O,and C-reactive protein;and X-ray of the joints of hands and feet.Renal function was examined by estimating glomerular filtration rate,tubular reabsorption index,and renal functional reserve.For studying the morphological changes in the kidneys under ultrasound examination,renal biopsy was performed in 31 patients with RA with urinary syndrome(proteinuria more than 0.3 g per day and hematuria).Results:Nephropathy in RA is characterized by impaired renal function and manifested by an increased blood creatinine and a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and renal functional reserve.Among morphological variations of nephropathy at RA,mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis prevails,accounting for 48.4%of patients.Other disorders include the secondary amyloidosis(29.0%of patients),tubulointerstitial nephritis(16.1%),membranous glomerulonephritis(3.2%),and focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis(3.2%).Conclusion:Kidney damage is a common systemic manifestation of RA with a long and active course,a major nephropathy trigger.

关键词： Rheumatoid nephropathy Secondaryrenal amyloidosis Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis Renal functional reserve

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Multi-Scale Feature Fusion Model for Bridge Appearance Defect Detection

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第1期7卷 1-11页

作者： Rong Pang yan yang Aiguo Huang yan Liu Peng Zhang Guangwu tang School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China China Merchants Chongqing Road Engineering Inspection Center Co. Ltd.Chongqing 400067China State Key Laboratory of Bridge Engineering Structural Dynamics Chongqing 400067China

Although the Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network(Faster R-CNN)model has obvious advantages in defect recognition,it still cannot overcome challenging problems,such as time-consuming,small targets,irregular shapes,and strong noise interference in bridge defect detection.To deal with these issues,this paper proposes a novel Multi-scale Feature Fusion(MFF)model for bridge appearance disease detection.First,the Faster R-CNN model adopts Region Of Interest(ROl)pooling,which omits the edge information of the target area,resulting in some missed detections and inaccuracies in both detecting and localizing bridge defects.Therefore,this paper proposes an MFF based on regional feature Aggregation(MFF-A),which reduces the missed detection rate of bridge defect detection and improves the positioning accuracy of the target area.Second,the Faster R-CNN model is insensitive to small targets,irregular shapes,and strong noises in bridge defect detection,which results in a long training time and low recognition accuracy.Accordingly,a novel Lightweight MFF(namely MFF-L)model for bridge appearance defect detection using a lightweight network EfficientNetV2 and a feature pyramid network is proposed,which fuses multi-scale features to shorten the training speed and improve recognition accuracy.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated on the bridge disease dataset and public computational fluid dynamic dataset.

关键词： defect detection Multi-scale Feature Fusion(MFF) Region Of Interest(ROl)alignment lightweight network

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The Structure Entropy of Social Networks

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第3期37卷 1147-1162页

作者： LI Zhenpeng yan Zhihua yanG Jian tang Xijin School of Electronics and Information Engineering Taizhou UniversityLinhai 317000China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Smart City in Cyberspace Security Yuxi Normal UniversityYuci 653100China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

Micro triadic structure is an important motif and serves the building block of complex networks.In this paper,the authors define structure entropy for a social network and explain this concept by using the coded triads proposed by Davis and Leinhardt in 1972.The proposed structure entropy serves as a new macro-evolution index to measure the network’s stability at a given timestamp.Empirical analysis of real-world network structure entropy discloses rich information on the mechanism that yields given triadic motifs frequency distribution.This paper illustrates the intrinsic link between the micro dyadic/triadic motifs and network structure entropy.Importantly,the authors find that the high proportion of reciprocity and transitivity results in the emergence of hierarchy,order,and cooperation of online social networks.

关键词： Dyadic and triadic motifs network structure entropy reciprocity and transitivity

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Structural uncertainty quantification of Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes closures for various shock-wave/boundary layer interaction flows

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 34-48页

作者： Fanzhi ZENG Tianxin ZHANG Denggao tang Jinping LI Chao yan School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Aeronautical Engineering Air Force Engineering UniversityXi’an 710038China

Accurate prediction of Shock-Wave/Boundary Layer Interaction(SWBLI)flows has been a persistent challenge for linear eddy viscosity models.A major limitation lies in the isotropic representation of the Reynolds stress,as assumed under the Boussinesq approximation.Recent studies have shown promise in improving the prediction capability for incompressible separation flows by perturbing the Reynolds-stress anisotropy tensor.However,it remains uncertain whether this approach is effective for SWBLI flows,which involve compressibility and discontinuity.To address this issue,this study systematically quantifies the structural uncertainty of the anisotropy for oblique SWBLI flows.The eigenspace perturbation method is applied to perturb the anisotropy tensor predicted by the Menter Shear–Stress Transport(SST)model and reveal the impacts of anisotropy on the prediction of quantities of interest,such as separation and reattachment positions,wall static pressure,skin friction,and heat flux.The results demonstrate the potential and reveal the challenges of eigenspace perturbation in improving the SST model.Furthermore,a detailed analysis of turbulent characteristics is performed to identify the source of uncertainty.The findings indicate that eigenspace perturbation primarily affects turbulent shear stress,while the prediction error of the SST model is more related to turbulent kinetic energy.

关键词： Shock-wave/boundary layer interaction(SWBLI) Turbulence models Uncertainty analysis Eigenspace perturbation Anisotropy

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Analyzing topics in social media for improving digital twinning based product development

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 273-281页

作者： Wenyi tang Ling Tian Xu Zheng Ke yan School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China

Digital twinning enables manufacturers to create digital representations of physical entities,thus implementing virtual simulations for product development.Previous efforts of digital twinning neglect the decisive consumer feedback in product development stages,failing to cover the gap between physical and digital spaces.This work mines real-world consumer feedbacks through social media topics,which is significant to product development.We specifically analyze the prevalent time of a product topic,giving an insight into both consumer attention and the widely-discussed time of a product.The primary body of current studies regards the prevalent time prediction as an accompanying task or assumes the existence of a preset distribution.Therefore,these proposed solutions are either biased in focused objectives and underlying patterns or weak in the capability of generalization towards diverse topics.To this end,this work combines deep learning and survival analysis to predict the prevalent time of topics.We propose a specialized deep survival model which consists of two modules.The first module enriches input covariates by incorporating latent features of the time-varying text,and the second module fully captures the temporal pattern of a rumor by a recurrent network structure.Moreover,a specific loss function different from regular survival models is proposed to achieve a more reasonable prediction.Extensive experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate that our model significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Digital twinning Product development Topic analysis Social media

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