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Electrically tunable third-harmonic generation using intersubband polaritonic metasurfaces

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1666-1674页

作者： Seongjin Park Jaeyeon Yu Gerhard Boehm Mikhail A.Belkin Jongwon lee Department of Electrical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)UlsanRepublic of Korea Walter Schottky Institute Technical University of MunichGarchingGermany

Nonlinear intersubband polaritonic metasurfaces,which integrate giant nonlinear responses derived from intersubband transitions of multiple quantum wells(MQWs)with plasmonic nanoresonators,not only facilitate efficient frequency conversion at pump intensities on the order of few tens of kW cm^(-2)but also enable electrical modulation of nonlinear responses at the individual meta-atom level and dynamic beam *** electrical modulation characteristics of the magnitude and phase of the nonlinear optical response are realized through Stark tuning of the resonant intersubband *** this study,we report,for the first time,experimental implementations of electrical modulation characteristics of mid-infrared third-harmonic generation(THG)using an intersubband polaritonic metasurface based on MQW with electrically tunable third-order nonlinear ***,we achieved a 450%modulation depth of the THG signal,86%suppression of zero-order THG diffraction tuning based on local phase tuning exceeding 180 degrees,and THG beam steering using phase *** work proposes a new route for electrically tunable flat nonlinear optical elements with versatile functionalities.

关键词： tunable tuning pump

Anion-hosting cathodes for current and late-stage dual-ion batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1485-1509页

作者： Miao Zhang Wenyong Zhang Fan Zhang Chun-Sing lee Yongbing Tang School of Chemistry and Materials Science Guangdong University of EducationGuangzhou 510303China Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Film(COSDAF) City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077China

Anion-hosting cathodes capable of reversibly storing large-size anions play a leading role in dual-ion batteries(DIBs). The purpose of the present review is to summarize the most promising anion-hosting cathodes for current and late-stage DIBs. This review first summarizes the developments in conventional graphite cathodes, especially the latest advances in the graphiterelated research. Next, organic cathodes for the anion storage are discussed, including aromatic amine polymers, heterocyclic polymers, bipolar compounds, and all-carbon-unsaturated compounds. Then, the review focuses on the conversion-type cathodes with high theoretical specific capacities. Finally, the future research directions of the cathodes of DIBs are proposed.

关键词： dual-ion batteries organic cathodes graphite cathodes conversion-type cathodes

Unexpected focal fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in main organs;pass through or pass by?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1885-1899页

作者： Haejun lee Kyung-Hoon Hwang Department of Nuclear Medicine Gachon University College of MedicineGil Medical CenterIncheon 21565South Korea

Since the inception of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose(F-18 FDG),positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)utilizing F-18 FDG has become widely accepted as a valuable imaging modality in the field of oncology,with global prevalence in clinical *** that a single Torso PET/CT scan encompasses the anatomical region from the skull base to the upper thigh,the detection of incidental abnormal focal hypermetabolism in areas of limited clinical interest is both feasible and not *** investigations have been undertaken to delineate the distinctive features of these findings,yet the outcomes have proven *** incongruent results of these studies present a challenge for physicians,leaving them uncertain about the appropriate course of *** article provides a succinct overview of the characteristics of fluorodeoxyglucose,followed by a comprehensive discussion of the imaging findings and clinical significance associated with incidental focal abnormal F-18 FDG activity in several representative *** conclusion,while the prevalence of unrecognized malignancy varies across organs,malignancies account for a substantial proportion,ranging from approximately one-third to over half,of incidental focal *** light of these rates,physicians are urged to exercise vigilance in not disregarding unexpected uptake,facilitating more assured clinical decisions,and advocating for further active evaluation.

关键词： Incidental Focal Incidentaloma Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron emission tomography Hypermetabolism

Focal incidental colorectal fluorodeoxyglucose uptake:Should it be spotlighted?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2466-2474页

作者： Haejun lee Kyung-Hoon Hwang Department of Nuclear Medicine Gachon University College of MedicineGil Medical CenterIncheon 21565South Korea

Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose(F-18 FDG)positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)has emerged as a cornerstone in cancer evaluation imaging,with a well-established history spanning several *** imaging modality,encompassing the examination of the body from the base of the skull to the upper thighs,comprehensively covers the chest and abdominopelvic regions in a singular scan,allowing for a holistic assessment of nearly the entire body,including areas of marginal *** inherent advantage of this expansive scan range lies in its potential to unveil unexpected incidental abnormal hypermetabolic *** identification of incidental focal FDG uptake within colorectal regions during PET/CT scans is not an uncommon occurrence,albeit fraught with challenges associated with non-specific FDG *** presence of benign colorectal lesions or physiological uptake poses a particular obstacle,as these may manifest with FDG uptake levels that mimic ***,physicians are confronted with a diagnostic dilemma when encountering abnormal FDG uptake in unexpected colorectal *** studies have presented divergent results concerning these *** uptake value and its derivatives have served as pivotal metrics in quantifying FDG uptake in PET *** this article,we aim to succinctly explore the distinctive characteristics of FDG,delve into imaging findings,and elucidate the clinical significance of incidental focal colorectal *** discussion aims to contribute valuable insights into the nuanced interpretation of such findings,fostering a comprehensive understanding.

关键词： Focal Incidental Colorectal Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron emission tomography Hypermetabolism

Azimuthal rotation-controlled nanoinscribing for continuous patterning of period-and shapetunable asymmetric nanogratings

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 207-218页

作者： Useung lee Hyein Kim Dong Kyo Oh Nayeong lee Jonggab Park Jaewon Park Hyunji Son Hyunchan Noh Junsuk Rho Jong G.Ok Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul 01811Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea National Institute of Nanomaterials Technology(NINT) Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Present address:Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea University145 Anam-roSeongbuk-guSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Research Team Hyundai Motor Group150 Hyundaiyeonguso-roHwaseong-siGyeonggi 18280Republic of Korea

We present an azimuthal-rotation-controlled dynamic nanoinscribing(ARC-DNI)process for continuous and scalable fabrication of asymmetric nanograting structures with tunable periods and shape profiles.A sliced edge of a nanograting mold,which typically has a rectangular grating profile,slides over a polymeric substrate to induce its burrfree plastic deformation into a linear *** this continuous nanoinscribing process,the“azimuthal angle,”that is,the angle between the moving direction of the polymeric substrate and the mold’s grating line orientation,can be controlled to tailor the period,geometrical shape,and profile of the inscribed *** modulating the azimuthal angle,along with other important ARC-DNI parameters such as temperature,force,and inscribing speed,we demonstrate that the mold-opening profile and temperature-and time-dependent viscoelastic polymer reflow can be controlled to fabricate asymmetric,blazed,and slanted nanogratings that have diverse geometrical profiles such as trapezoidal,triangular,and ***,period-and profile-tunable ARC-DNI can be utilized for the practical fabrication of diverse optical devices,as is exemplified by asymmetric diffractive optical elements in this study.

关键词： tunable asymmetric rotation

Advancements in hemostatic strategies for managing upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2087-2090页

作者： Ah Young lee Joo Young Cho Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCha Gangnam Medical CenterCha University College of MedicineSeoul 06135Korea

Upper gastrointestinal(GI)hemorrhage presents a substantial clinical *** management typically involves resuscitation and endoscopy within 24 h,although the benefit of very early endoscopy(leeding,preventing rebleeding,and using a multimodal approach encompassing endoscopic,pharmacological,angiographic,and surgical *** agents such as vasopressin,prostaglandins,and proton pump inhibitors are effective,but the increase in antithrombotic use has increased GI bleeding *** hemostasis,particularly for nonvariceal bleeding,employs techniques such as electrocoagu-lation and heater probes,with concerns over tissue injury from monopolar *** methods such as Hemospray and Endoclot show promise in creating mechanical tamponades but have ***,the first-line therapy includes thermal probes and hemoclips,with over-the-scope clips emerging for larger ulcer *** gold probe,combining bipolar electrocoagulation and injection,offers targeted coagulation but has faced device-related *** advancements involve combining techniques and improving endoscopic imaging,with studies exploring combined approaches showing *** research is crucial for developing standardized and effective hemorrhage management strategies.

关键词： Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Hemostasis Endoscopy Probe Spray Clip

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Oncology Research 2024年第2期32卷 421-432页

作者： SEUNG-HEE GWAK JUHYUN lee EUNJI OH DOHYUN lee WONSHIK HAN JONGMIN KIM KYONG-TAI KIM Department of Life Sciences Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang37673Korea R&D Center NovMetaPharma Co.Ltd.Pohang37668Korea Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul03080Korea Generative Genomics Research Center Global Green Research&Development CenterHandong Global UniversityPohang37554Korea

Genetic information is transcribed from genomic DNA to mRNA,which is then translated into threedimensional *** can undergo various post-transcriptional modifications,including RNA editing that alters mRNA sequences,ultimately affecting protein *** this study,RNA editing was identified at the 499th base(c.499)of human vaccinia-related kinase 2(VRK2).This RNA editing changes the amino acid in the catalytic domain of VRK2 from isoleucine(with adenine base)to valine(with guanine base).Isoleucine-containing VRK2 has higher kinase activity than the valine-containing VRK2,which leads to an increase in tumor cell *** we reported that VRK2 directly interacts with dystrobrevin-binding protein(dysbindin)and results in reducing its ***,we demonstrate that isoleucine-containing VRK2 decreases the level of dysbindin than valinecontaining *** interacts with cyclin D and thereby regulates its expression and *** reduction in the level of dysbindin by isoleucine-containing VRK2 further enhances the cyclin D expression,resulting in increased tumor growth and reduction in survival *** has also been observed that in patient samples,VRK2 level was elevated in breast cancer tissue compared to normal breast ***,the isoleucine form of VRK2 exhibited a greater increase in breast cancer ***,it is concluded that VRK2,especially dependent on the 167th variant amino acid,can be one of the indexes of tumor progression and proliferation.

关键词： VRK2 Kinase activity Breast cancer Tumor RNA editing Cell proliferation Cell growth

Body-Shaping Membrane to Regenerate Breast Fat by Elastic Structural Holding

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 165-180页

作者： Hye-Seon Kim Jeongeun Park Hyun-Su Ha Sewoom Baek Chan Hee lee Kyubae lee Suji Park Jueun Kim Se Won Yi Hak-Joon Sung Department of Medical Engineering Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722Republic of Korea TMD LAB Co.Ltd. 6th Floor31Gwangnaru-ro 8-gilSeongdong-guSeoul 04799Republic of Korea

Tissue regeneration requires structural holding and movement support using tissue-type-specific aids such as bone casts,skin bandages,and joint ***,an unmet need exists in aiding breast fat regeneration as the breast moves following continuous body motion by exposing the breast fat to dynamic ***,the concept of elastic structural holding is applied to develop a shape-fitting moldable membrane for breast fat regeneration(“adipoconductive”)after surgical defects are *** membrane has the following key characteristics:(a)It contains a panel of honeycomb structures,thereby efficiently handling motion stress through the entire membrane;(b)a strut is added into each honeycomb in a direction perpendicular to gravity,thereby suppressing the deformation and stress concentration upon lying and standing;and(c)thermo-responsive moldable elastomers are used to support structural holding by suppressing large deviations of movement that occur *** elastomer became moldable upon a temperature shift above T_(m).The structure can then be fixed as the temperature *** a result,the membrane promotes adipogenesis by activating mechanotransduction in a fat miniature model with pre-adipocyte spheroids under continuous shaking in vitro and in a subcutaneous implant placed on the motion-prone back areas of rodents in vivo.

关键词： thereby shaking Elastic

Adhesion of Technical Lignin-Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Adhesives for Wood Bonding

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第7期12卷 1187-1205页

作者： Jaewook lee Byung-Dae Park Qinglin Wu Department of Wood and Paper Science Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Korea School of Renewable Natural Resources Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA70806USA

Lignin is the most abundant aromatic natural polymer,and receiving great attention in replacing various petro-leum-based *** aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of technical lignin as a polyol for the synthesis of non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)adhesives to substitute current polyurethane(PU)adhesives that have been synthesized with toxic isocyanate and *** hardwood kraft lignin(C-HKL)was extracted from black liquor from a pulp mill followed by acetone fractionation to obtain acetone soluble-HKL(AS-HKL).Then,C-HKL,AS-HKL,and softwood sodium lignosulfonate(LS)were used for the synthesis of technical lignin-based NIPU adhesives through carbonation and polyamination and silane as a *** adhesion per-formance was determined for *** spectra showed the formation of urethane bonds and the reaction between lignin and *** NIPU adhesives prepared with C-HKL showed the highest adhesion strength among the three lignin-based NIPU *** the silane addition level increased,the adhesion strength of NIPU adhesives increased whereas formaldehyde emission decreased for all NIPU adhesives *** results indicate that NIPU adhesives based on technical kraft lignin have a great potential as polyol for the synth-esis of bio-based NIPU adhesives for wood bonding.

关键词： Technical lignin non-isocyanate polyurethane wood adhesives adhesion strength formaldehyde emission