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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第2期10卷 149-158页

作者： Eric Wei Chiang chan hung tuck chan Siu Kuin Wong Department of Food Science and Nutrition Faculty of Applied SciencesUCSI UniversityCherasKuala LumpurMalaysia Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawaJapan School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University MalaysiaSepangSelangorMalaysia

The rich chemical constituents and diverse pharmacological properties of Ramulus Mori(RM) or the twig of Morus alba with evidence supported by clinical trials and patents are reviewed. Known as Sangzhi in Chinese, RM is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat gout, arthritis, and rheumatism. Chemical constituents include flavonoids, benzofurans, alkaloids, stilbenes, chalcones, phenolic acids, and coumarins. Bioactivities of RM include antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, antityrosinase, neuroprotective, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cytoprotective, renoprotective, antihyperuricemic, analgesic, antifungal, DNA protective, anticancer, gastroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-hair aging, anti-arthritic, and antiplatelet aggregation properties. The most active compounds from RM are mulberrin, oxyresveratrol, and mulberroside A. All four clinical trials on RM are focused on the treatment of diabetes. The patents entail using RM extracts as cosmetics for skin whitening and as agents for hypoglycemia. Topics for further research on RM are suggested.

关键词： Clinical trials mulberrin mulberroside A oxyresveratrol patents Sangzhi

Genipin and geniposide from Gardenia jasminoides:An overview of their anti-cancer and other pharmacological properties

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2022年第1期31卷 1-12页

作者： Eric Wei Chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong hung tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University56000 CherasKuala LumpurMalaysia School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University MalaysiaBandar Sunsuria43900 SepangSelangorMalaysia Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems(ISME) Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawa 903-0129Japan

Genipin and geniposide are iridoids from the fruits of Gardenia *** compounds have a methyl acetate(-COOCH_(3))group at C4 and a hydroxyl(-OH)group at *** an iridoid glucoside with a glucose moiety at C1,geniposide is also known as genipin-1-O-β-*** the glucose moiety,genipin is an iridoid and the aglycone of ***-OH group at C1 of genipin is responsible for its cytotoxic *** without the-OH group at C1 lacks the cytotoxic *** are more publications on the anti-cancer properties of genipin than *** have reported the potentiation of genipin when used in combination with anti-cancer *** anti-cancer properties of geniposide have been investigated using human intestinal microflora that hydrolyzes geniposide to *** genipin and geniposide exert antiproliferative and apoptotic activities via different molecular targets and *** pharmacological properties of genipin and geniposide include antidepressant,antidiabetic,anti-inflammatory,anti-obesity,anti-thrombotic,hepatoprotective,and neuroprotective *** research on genipin and geniposide is suggested.

关键词： Iridoid Iridoid glucoside Anti-cancer Cytotoxicity

Matrine, oxymatrine, and compound Kushen injection from the roots of Sophora flavescens: an overview of their anticancer activities

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2022年第5期31卷 321-333页

In the present review,we updated current information on the chemistry,contents,and anticancer properties of matrine(MT),oxymatrine(OMT),and compound Kushen injection(CKI).The anticancer properties were focused on lung,breast,and liver cancer cells because they are most *** of information were from Google,Google Scholar,PubMed,PubMed Central,Science Direct,PubChem,J-Stage,Directory of Open Access Journals(DOAJ),and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).Reference was also made on botanical websites,such as Flora of China and World Flora *** and OMT are dominant quinolizidine alkaloids from the roots of Sophora flavescens(Kushen)of the family *** lung,breast,and liver cancer cells,MT and OMT inhibit cell proliferation;induce cell cycle arrest,apoptosis,and autophagy;restrict angiogenesis;and inhibit cell metastasis,invasion,and *** processes involve various molecular targets and signaling *** is a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)composed of root extracts of *** and Smilax glabra(Baituling)of the family *** MT and OMT as major components,CKI has been approved for the treatment of cancer in China more than 20 years *** recent years,systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been undertaken to evaluate the anticancer effects of *** CKI is used alone and in combination with chemotherapy of western medicine,there is much to be learned concerning their interactions besides their individual and integrated *** perspectives of MT,OMT,and CKI are discussed,and their suggestions for future research are provided.

关键词： injection invasion roots

An overview of flavonoids from Sophora flavescens(kushen)with some emphasis on the anticancer properties of kurarinone and sophoraflavanone G

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2023年第8期32卷 603-615页

作者： Eric Wei Chiang chan Ying Ki Ng hung tuck chan Siu Kuin Wong Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University56000 CherasKuala LumpurMalaysia Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems(ISME) Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawa 903-0129Japan School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University MalaysiaBandar Sunsuria43900 SepangSelangorMalaysia

In this overview,the current knowledge of the constituents of flavonoids isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens(kushen)is *** consist of several classes,such as flavanones,flavonols,chalcones,isoflavones,biflavonoids,flavanols,and *** most common compounds are kurarinone(KRN),sophoraflavanone G(SFG),2′-methoxykurarinone,kuraridine,isoxanthohumol,and *** and SFG are two major flavanones with more vital anticancer properties than other *** the literature,the cytotoxic values of KRN and SFG are variable and depend on the type of cancer cells *** anticancer activities of these two flavonoids involve different molecular *** trials are needed before anticancer drugs from KRN and SFG can be developed.

关键词： Kushen Flavanones Cytotoxicity Molecular mechanisms

An overview on the chemistry, pharmacology and anticancer properties of tetrandrine and fangchinoline(alkaloids) from Stephania tetrandra roots

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第4期19卷 311-316页

作者： Eric Wei Chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong hung tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI UniversityKuala Lumpur 56000Malaysia School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor 43900Malaysia Secretariat of the International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems(ISME) Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawa 903-0129Japan

Tetrandrine(TET) and fangchinoline(FAN) are dominant bisbenzylisoquinoline(BBIQ) alkaloids from the roots of Stephania tetrandra of the family Menispermaceae. BBIQ alkaloids comprise two benzylisoquinoline units linked by oxygen bridges. The molecular structures of TET and FAN are exactly the same, except that TET has a methoxy(-OCH3) group, while FAN has a hydroxyl(-OH) group at C7. In this overview,the current knowledge on the chemistry, pharmacology and anticancer properties of TET and FAN have been updated. The focus is on colon and breast cancer cells, because they are most susceptible to TET and FAN, respectively. Against colon cancer cells, TET inhibits cell proliferation and tumor growth by inducing apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest, and suppresses adhesion, migration and invasion of *** breast cancer cells, FAN inhibits cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis, G1-phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits cell migration. The processes involve various molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. Some insights on the ability of TET and FAN to reverse multi-drug resistance in cancer cells and suggestions for future research are provided.

关键词： Tetrandrine Fangchinoline Alkaloids Pharmacology Anticancer Multi-drug resistance

Casticin from Vitex species: a short review on its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第3期16卷 147-152页

作者： Eric Wei Chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong hung tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University School of Science Monash University Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems Faculty of Agriculture University of the Ryukyus

This short review provides an update of the anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of casticin from Vitex species. Casticin is a polymethylflavone with three rings, an orthocatechol moiety, a double bond,two hydroxyl groups and four methoxyl groups. Casticin has been isolated from various tissues of plants in the Vitex genus： fruits and leaves of V. trifolia, aerial parts and seeds of V. agnus-castus and leaves of ***. Studies have reported the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of casticin from Vitex *** compound is effective against many cancer cell lines via different molecular mechanisms. Studies have also affirmed the anti-inflammatory properties of casticin, with several molecular mechanisms identified. Other pharmacological properties include anti-asthmatic, tracheospasmolytic, analgesic, antihyperprolactinemia, immunomodulatory, opioidergic, oestrogenic, anti-angiogenic, antiglioma, lung injury protection, rheumatoid arthritis amelioration and liver fibrosis attenuation activities. Clinical trials and commercial use of the casticin-rich fruit extract of V. agnus-castus among women with premenstrual syndrome were briefly discussed.

关键词： Vitexicarpin Polymethylflavone Apoptosis Molecular mechanisms

Phenolic constituents and anticancer properties of Morus alba(white mulberry) leaves

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第3期18卷 189-195页

作者： Eric Wei Chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong Joseph Tangah Tomomi Inoue hung tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University56000 CherasKuala LumpurMalaysia School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University Malaysia43900 SepangSelangorMalaysia Forest Research Centre Sabah Forestry Department90009 SandakanSabahMalaysia Centre for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies(NIES)OnogawaTsukuba 305-0053Japan Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems(ISME) Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawa 903-0129Japan

Flavonoids are by far the most dominant class of phenolic compounds isolated from Morus alba leaves(MAL). Other classes of compounds are benzofurans, phenolic acids, alkaloids, coumarins, chalcones and stilbenes. Major flavonoids are kuwanons, moracinflavans, moragrols and morkotins. Other major compounds include moracins(benzofurans), caffeoylquinic acids(phenolic acids) and morachalcones(chalcones). Research on the anticancer properties of MAL entailed in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of extracts or isolated compounds. Flavonoids, benzofurans, chalcones and alkaloids are classes of compounds from MAL that have been found to be cytotoxic towards human cancer cell lines. Further studies on the phytochemistry and anticancer of MAL are suggested. Sources of information were Pub Med,Pub Med Central, Science Direct, Google, Google Scholar, J-Stage, Pub Chem and China National Knowledge Infrastructure.

关键词： Flavonoids Benzofurans Cytotoxic Moracins Morachalcones Chalcomoracin

Alpinia zerumbet, a ginger plant with a multitude of medicinal properties： An update on its research findings

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第11期26卷 775-788页

作者： Eric Wei Chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong hung tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University Cheras 56000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia School of Science Monash University Sunway Petaling Jaya 46150 Selangor Malaysia Secretariat International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems c/o Faculty of Agriculture University of the Ryukyus 903-0129 Okinawa Japan

In this review, the botany and uses of Alpinia zerumbet(yan shan jiang) are described, and the current knowledge of its phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and clinical trials is summarized. An important ginger crop in East Asia, A. zerumbet has many uses, both medicinal and non-medicinal. Leaves are used to produce essential oils and herbal teas. Rhizomes are consumed as spices, and stem fibers are made into paper, fabrics, and handicrafts. In Brazil, tea from A. zerumbet leaves is believed to have hypotensive, diuretic, and anti-ulcerogenic properties. This species possesses many medicinal properties due to its chemical constituents, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoids, kava pyrones, sterols, and terpenoids. Extracts of A. zerumbet display antioxidant, antimicrobial, insecticidal, anthelmintic, tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibitory, anti-atherogenic, anti-aging, anti-glycation, integrase and neuraminidase inhibitory, lifespan prolongation, hair growth promotion, anticancer, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anti-obesity, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-platelet, osteoblastic, osteogenic, thrombolytic, and cardiac arrhythmogenic activities. Essential oils of A. zerumbet leaves have antimicrobial, larvicidal, antinociceptive, hypotensive, vasorelaxant, myorelaxant, antispasmodic, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anti-neuraminidase, anti-atherogenic, anti-aging, anti-melanogenic, anti-tyrosinase, cytoprotective, cardiodepressive, antipsychotic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and tissue healing activities. Clinical trials conducted in Brazil showed that extracts of A. zerumbet have hypotensive and diuretic effects whereas topical application of the essential oil has positive therapeutic effects on patients with fibromyalgia. Spanning two continents of Asia and South America, A. zerumbet is truly a multi-purpose ginger plant with promising medicinal properties.

关键词： Alpinia zerumbet Shell ginger Phytochemistry Pharmacology Clinical trials

An overview of Pu-erh tea and its health-promoting effects of lipid-lowering and anti-obesity

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2021年第8期30卷 623-633页

作者： Eric Wei Chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong hung tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University56000 Cher asKuala LumpurMalaysia School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University MalaysiaBandar Sunsuria43900 SepangSelangorMalaysia Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems(ISME) Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawa 903-0129Japan

As a dark tea,Pu-erh tea(PET)is produced from sun-dried leaves of Camellia sinensis *** mainly in Yunnan Province of *** microorganisms are involved in the fermentation of *** them,Aspergillus niger is most *** is believed that the longer the preservation period,the better is the quality and taste of PET,which is commercially available as loose,compressed or instant tea *** components of PET include flavones,flavanols,flavonols,phenolic acids,alkaloids and *** this overview,the lipid-lowering and anti-obesity effects of PET were discussed based on animal models and human trials,and our study provided some insights into possible mechanisms of bioactive compounds,such as theabrownin,catechins,lovastatin and gallic *** bioactivities of PET and some information on Fuzhuan brick tea were also *** of information cited were from Google Scholar,Pub Med,Pub Med Central,Science Direct,J-Stage,Pub Chem,Directory of Open Access Journals(DOAJ),and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).

关键词： Pu-erh tea Fuzhuan brick tea Fermentation Lipid-lowering Anti-obesity

Apocynaceae species with antiproliferative and/or antiplasmodial properties: a review of ten genera

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2016年第4期14卷 269-284页

作者： Eric Wei Chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong hung tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University School of Science Monash University Sunway International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems c/o Faculty of Agriculture University of the Ryukyus

Apocynaceae is a large family of tropical trees, shrubs and vines with most species producing white latex. Major metabolites of species are triterpenoids, iridoids, alkaloids and cardenolides, which are known for a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities such as cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antimalarial properties. Prompted by their anticancer and antimalarial properties, the current knowledge on ten genera （Allamanda, Alstonia, Calotropis, Catharanthus, Cerbera, Dyera, Kopsia, Nerium, Plumeria and Vallaris） is updated. Major classes of metabolites are described using some species as examples. Species with antiproliferative （APF） and/ or antiplasmodial （APM） properties have been identified. With the exception of the genus Dyera, nine genera of 22 species possess APF activity. Seven genera （Alstonia, Calotropis, Catharanthus, Dyera, Kopsia, Plumeria and Vallaris） of 13 species have APM properties. Among these species, Alstonia angustiloba, Alstonia macrophylla, Calotropis gigantea, Calotropis procera, Catharanthus roseus, Plumeria alba and Vallaris glabra displayed both APF and APM properties. The chemical constituents of these seven species are compiled for assessment and further research.

关键词： Apocynaceae antiproliferative antiplasmodial herbal medicine review