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Evaluation of solubility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ethyl lactate/water versus ethanol/water mixtures for contaminated soil remediation applications

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第6期24卷 1064-1075页

作者： Chiew Lin Yap Suyin Gan Hoon Kiat ng Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering The University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering The University of Nottingham l~lalaysia Campus Jalan Broga 43500 Semenyih Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

Solubility data of recalcitrant contaminants in cosolvents is essential to determine their potential applications in enhanced soil *** solubilities of phenanthrene,anthracene,fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene in ethyl lactate/water and ethanol/water mixtures were measured using equilibrium *** cosolvency powers derived from solubility data were then applied to the model developed from the solvophobic approach to predict the capability of ethyl lactate and ethanol in enhancing the desorption of contaminants from *** ethyl lactate and ethanol cosolvents were shown to be able to enhance the solubilisation of the tested four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by 〉 4 orders of magnitude above the levels obtained with water ***,ethyl lactate demonstrated a greater capacity to enhance PAH solubility than *** cosolvency powers of ethyl lactate/water system obtained from the end-to-end slope （σ） and the end-to-half slope （σ 0.5） of the solubilisation curve were 1.0-1.5 and 2.0-2.9 higher than ethanol/water system *** line with this,ethyl lactate/water was demonstrated to enhance the desorption of contaminants from soil by 20%-37% and 18%-61% higher compared to ethanol/water system in low organic content and high organic content soils respectively,with a 2：1 （V/W） ratio of solution：soil and with cosolvent fraction as low as *** the exception of benzo[a]pyrene,the experimental desorption results agreed fairly with the predicted values,under an applied solution：soil ratio that was enough to hold the capacity of released contaminants.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon solubility desorption ethyl lactate ethanol

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Risk of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke in Chinese undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention treated with potent P2Y12 inhibitor versus clopidogrel

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第4期7卷 310-318,I0015-I0019页

作者： Andrew Kei-Yan ng Pauline Yeung ng April Ip Kui Kai Lau Chung-Wah Siu Cardiac Medical Unit Grantham HospitalHong KongHong Kong Department of Adult Intensive Care Queen Mary HospitalHong KongHong Kong Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences The University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong

Background Stroke after acute coronary syndrome(ACS)can be *** is uncertain whether the risks of ischaemic stroke or intracranial haemorrhage(ICH)are associated with different choices of P2Y12 inhibitors(potent P2Y12 inhibitors such as ticagrelor and prasugrel vs clopidogrel).Even though East Asians are known to have different thrombotic and haemorrhagic profiles from Caucasians,data on Chinese patients are *** This was a retrospective cohort study conducting in Chinese patients with ACS who underwent first-ever percutaneous coronary intervention from 14 hospitals in Hong Kong between 2010 and *** primary efficacy endpoint was ischaemic *** secondary efficacy endpoint was a composite outcome of thrombotic events including all-cause mortality,non-fatal myocardial infarction and ischaemic *** primary safety endpoint was *** secondary safety endpoint was a composite of major bleeding *** After adjustment of baseline characteristics by 1:1 propensity score matching,a total of 6220 patients(3110 on each group)were *** with clopidogrel,potent P2Y12 inhibitors were associated with a lower risk of ischaemic stroke(HR 0.57;95%CI 0.37 to 0.87;p=0.008)and a lower risk of thrombotic events(HR 0.77;95%CI 0.66 to 0.90;p=0.001).Potent P2Y12 inhibitor was associated with similar risk of ICH(HR 0.65;95%CI 0.34 to 1.25,p=0.20)and major bleeding(HR 0.83;95%CI 0.68 to 1.01,p=0.069).Conclusions Potent P2Y12 inhibitors were associated with a lower adjusted risk of ischaemic stroke and thrombotic events,compared with *** risks of ICH and major bleeding were similar.

关键词： P2Y12 coronary haemorrhagic

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Experimental investigation of the effect of flow turbulence and sediment transport patterns on the adsorption of cadmium ions onto sediment particles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第6期19卷 696-703页

作者： HUAng Sui-liang ng Chiu-on GUO Qi-zhong Numerical Simulation Group for Water Environment College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Deptartment of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rutgers State University of New Jersey 623 Bowser Road Piscataway NJ 08854 USA

The mechanism of flow turbulence, sediment supply conditions, and sediment transport patterns that affect the adsorption of cadmium ions onto sediment particles in natural waters are experimentally simulated and studied both in batch reactors and in a turbulence simulation tank. By changing the agitation conditions, the sediment transport in batch reactors can be categorized into bottom sediment-dominated sediment and suspended sediment-dominated sediment. It is found that the adsorption rate of bottom sediment is much less than that of suspended sediment, but the sediment transport pattern does not affect the final （equilibrium） concentration of dissolved cadmium. This result indicates that the parameters of an adsorption isotherm are the same regardless of the sediment transport pattern. In the turbulence simulation tank, the turbulence is generated by harmonic grid-stirred motions, and the turbulence intensity is quantified in terms of eddy diffusivity, which is equal to 9.84F （F is the harmonic vibration frequency） and is comparable to natural surface water conditions. When the turbulence intensity of flow is low and sediment particles stay as bottom sediment, the adsorption rate is significantly low, and the adsorption quantity compared with that of suspended sediment is negligible in the 6 h duration of the experiment. This result greatly favors the simplification of the numerical modeling of heavy metal pollutant transformation in natural rivers. When the turbulence intensity is high but bottom sediment persists, the rate and extent of descent of the dissolved cadmium concentration in the tank noticeably increase, and the time that is required to reach adsorption equilibrium also increases considerably due to the continuous exchange that occurs between the suspended sediment and the bottom sediment. A comparison of the results of the experiments in the batch reactor and those in the turbulence simulation tank reveals that the adsorption ability of the sedimen

关键词： water flow sediment transport pollutant interactions turbulence, adsorption

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On pancreatic cancer screening by magnetic resonance imaging with the recent evidence by Del Chiaro and colleagues

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2015年第4期27卷 417-422页

作者： Yì-Xiáng J.Wáng Jing-Shan Gong Romaric Loffroy Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Department of Radiology Shenzhen People’s Hospital Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University Department of Vascular Oncologic and Interventional Radiology Le2i UMR CNRS 6306 University of Dijon School of Medicine Bocage Teaching Hospital

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease because incidence and mortality rates are nearly *** 5-year survival rate in Western countries is 4%,the lowest among all types of cancer（1）.In China,pancreatic cancer is the sixth leading cause of death from malignant disease,with an overall cumulative 5-year survival rate of 1%to 3%（2,3）.

关键词： screening mortality intraductal cumulative lethal identical mucinous incidence familial pancreas

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A UNIQUENESS THEOREM FOR HOLOMORPHIC MAPPIngS IN THE DISK SHARIng TOTALLY GEODESIC HYPERSURFACES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2022年第4期42卷 1631-1644页

作者： Jiaxing HUAng Tuen Wai ng College of Mathematics and Statistics Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Department of Mathematics The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong

In this paper,we prove a Second Main Theorem for holomorphic mappings in a disk whose image intersects some families of nonlinear hypersurfaces(totally geodesic hypersurfaces with respect to a meromorphic connection) in the complex projective space P^(k).This is a generalization of Cartan’s Second Main *** a consequence,we establish a uniqueness theorem for holomorphic mappings which intersect O(k^(3)) many totally geodesic hypersurfaces.

关键词： Second Main Theorem meromorphic connection totally geodesic hypersurfaces uniqueness theorem

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Photochemistry of bioinspired dityrosine crosslinking

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第4期63卷 182-191页

作者： Chang Liu Jiachuan Hua Pui Fai ng Bin Fei Institute of Textiles&Clothing Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityChina

The dityrosine crosslink plays a vital role in improving mechanical property and stability of polymers,which has been found in most *** has also been exploited in new synthetic ***,the photochemical method provides a path for the formation of dityrosine bonding and shows its unique ***,we review different photo-innitiation approaches that generate the dityrosine *** review may offer new strategies for photo-activated tyrosine unit manipulation.

关键词： materials. photochemical crosslinking

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Factorization of proper holomorphic maps on irreducible bounded symmetric domains of rank≥2

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Science China Mathematics 2010年第3期53卷 813-826页

作者： MOK ngaiming ng Sui-Chung Department of Mathematics The University of Hong Kong

We obtain rigidity results on arbitrary proper holomorphic maps F from an irreducible bounded symmetric domain Ω of rank ≥2 into any complex space Z. After lifting to the normalization of the subvariety F (Ω) Z, we prove that F must be the canonical projection map to the quotient space of Ω by a finite group of automorphisms. The approach is along the line of the works of Mok and Tsai by considering radial limits of bounded holomorphic functions derived from F and proving that proper holomorphic maps between bounded symmetric domains preserve certain totally geodesic subdomains. In contrast to the previous works, in general we have to deal with multivalent holomorphic maps for which Fatou’s theorem cannot be applied directly. We bypass the difficulty by devising a limiting process for taking radial limits of correspondences arising from proper holomorphic maps and by elementary estimates allowing us to define distinct univalent branches of the underlying multivalent map on certain subsets. As a consequence of our rigidity result, with the exception of Type-IV domains, any proper holomorphic map f : Ω→ D of Ω onto a bounded convex domain D is necessarily a biholomorphism. In the exceptional case where Ω is a Type-IV domain, either f is a biholomorphism or it is a double cover branched over a totally geodesic submanifold which can be explicitly described.

关键词： bounded symmetric domain proper holomorphic map Fatou’s theorem correspondence discriminant G-structure

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Dimensional heterojunction design:The rising star of 2D bismuthbased nanostructured photocatalysts for solar-to-chemical conversion

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 4310-4364页

作者： Joel Jie Foo Sue-Faye ng Wee-Jun Ong School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy&Catalysis Technology(CONNECT) Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University Shenzhen 518057China

With the fast-pace digitalization evolution in the current generation’s lifestyle and the industry revolution,the energy demand has been ***,the two-dimensional(2D)bismuth-based nanomaterials emerged as a promising photocatalyst candidate in solar fuel conversion,not only for its exceptional light absorption capability and tunable optical properties,but it also can be synthesized into diverse variety of nanomaterials with different ranges of potential gap and band position to fulfill the potential requirement of wide range of photocatalytic ***,the weak light harvesting ability and ultrafast charge recombination has restricted its potential in commercial ***,recent researches have been focusing on tackling these issues by incorporating some modification strategies such as heteroatom doping,vacancy engineering,facet engineering,bismuth rich strategy and heterojunction ***,this review article presents the state-of-the-art modifications on 2D bismuth-based parent material,specifically on the relationship between each of the modification strategy on the electronic properties and surface chemistry in achieving boosted photocatalytic *** the view of the unique charge interaction between two semiconductors with different dimensions,we systematically discuss the rational heterostructure design from the dimensionality perspective,namely,point-to-face,line-to-face,face-to-face,and bulk-to-face in solar fuel conversion to provide inspiring insights for future interface ***,the challenges and the future research outlook in the solar-to-fuel conversion are highlighted to push forward the design of high-performance bismuth-based photocatalyst in realizing commercialscale solar-to-fuel conversion.

关键词： 2D heterojunction 2D nanomaterial CO_(2)reduction water splitting N2 fixation Z-scheme

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Neutrophils in cancer—unresolved questions

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第11期64卷 1829-1841页

作者： Melissa S.F.ng Leonard Tan Quanbo Wang Charles R.Mackay Lai Guan ng Singapore Immunology Network(SIgN) A*STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)Biopolis 138648Singapore School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shandong Analysis and Test CenterQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250014China State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institute of HematologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300020China

There is growing recognition that neutrophils play an important role in cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. Although they are typically characterized as short-lived effector cells, neutrophils have been shown to acquire immunosuppressive and pro-tumorigenic functions that promote tumor progression and escape. As such, inhibition of their function or depletion of neutrophils are being explored as potential cancer therapies. However, growing evidence of neutrophil diversification in cancer and their potential anti-tumor roles raise many unresolved questions. Here, we review recent advances that address the definition,origin and function of neutrophils in cancer, and elaborate on obstacles that make the study of neutrophils challenging. We envision that this review will provide the groundwork for focused design of therapeutics that will specifically target "tumorreprogrammed" neutrophils while sparing normal neutrophils to improve patient outcomes.

关键词： neutrophils cancer myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs) immunotherapy

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Detectability of the global weed Hypochaeris radicata is influenced by species, environment and observer characteristics

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第4期8卷 449-455页

作者： Katherina ng Don A.Driscoll ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions The NERP Environmental Decisions HubFenner School of Environment and SocietyThe Australian National UniversityLinnaeus WayCanberraACT 2601Australia

Aims to determine the detectability of a global weedy perennial weed Hypochaeris radicata and its relationship with five common observer,species and environmental *** trained independent observers conducted time-limited repeat sur-veys of *** during autumn in an endangered grassy box-gum woodland ecosystem in south-east ***-species single-season site-occupancy modelling was used to determine if detectability of *** was altered by five covariates,observer,litter height,grazing,maximum plant height and flowering *** Findings Detectability for *** varied significantly with observer,litter height,plant maximum height and flowering state,but not with *** significant observer-specific variation,there was a con-sistent increase in detectability with plant height and when plants are in flower for all *** generally decreased as litter height *** or constant detection rates cannot be assumed in plant surveys,even for easily recognizable plants in simple survey *** how detectability is influ-enced by common survey variables can help improve the efficacy of plant monitoring programs by quantifying the extent of uncertainty in inferences made from survey data,or by determining optimal sur-vey conditions to increase the reliability of collected *** plants with traits similar to ***,surveying when most plants are at maximum height or in flower,increasing search intensity when litter levels are high and minimizing observer-related heterogeneity are potentially simple and effective ways to reduce detection *** speculate that detection rates may be lower,more variable and involve additional covariates when surveying during the peak flow-ering spring season with the presence of more warm season and taller annual species.

关键词： Hypochaeris radicata grassy woodland detection probability detectability vegetation survey plant monitoring observation bias false absence

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