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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期34卷 181-193页

作者： Feng Shi Zongli Liu Jialin Li huiwang gao Song Qin Jingjing Guo Key Lab of Coastal Biology and Biological Resource Conservation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Qingdao HOOH Environmental Protection Technology Co.Ltd.Qingdao 266073 China

Microbial application is an efficient, economical, and ecofriendly method for remediating black-odorous rivers. In this study, the field treatment effect and microbial community changes were monitored during remediation by the acclimated complex microorganisms of a typical black-odorous stream. After the treatment, the total phosphorus and ammonia contents decreased by 74.0% and 76.3% and the concentrations of dissolved oxygen increased from 1.65 to 4.90 mg/L, indicating the effectiveness of the acclimated composite microorganisms. The proportion of Bacteroidetes decreased significantly by 48.1% and that of Firmicutes increased by 2.23% on average, and the microbial diversity index first increased and then tended to be uniform. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that the pH,dissolved oxygen, and oxidation-reduction potential together determined the composition of the microbial communities(p < 0.05). These findings showed that the acclimated composite microorganisms can effectively remediate the black odor.

关键词： Black-odorous water Composite microorganisms Microbial community Environmental impact factors In-siu bioremediation

Dry deposition of PM_(10) over the Yellow Sea during Asian dust events from 2001 to 2007

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第1期26卷 54-64页

作者： Han Yan Xiaohuan Liu Jianhua Qi huiwang gao Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ocean University of China Ministry of Education of China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center

Dry deposition velocities and fluxes of PM10 during Asian dust events over the Yellow Sea from 2001 to 2007 were investigated using observation data in Qingdao, China and Jeju, Korea. The dry deposition velocities of PM 10 during dust events over the Yellow Sea ranged from 0.19 to 8.17 cm/sec, with an average of 3.38 cm/sec. Dry deposition fluxes of PM10 during dust events over the Yellow Sea were in the range of 68.5-2647.1 mg/（m2.day）, with an average of 545.4 mg/（m2.day）, which is 2-10 times higher than those reported by other studies for both dust and non-dust periods. It was estimated that 2.6× 10^11-48.7 × 10^11 g dust particles deposit to the Yellow Sea during dust events through dry deposition every year. Compared with the results in previous studies, it was found that the dry deposition of PM10 over the Yellow Sea during dust events in the years with high frequency of dust could account for a large or overwhelming fraction of the annual total dry deposition. Backward air mass trajectory analysis showed that dust events influenced Jeju mainly originated from the desert regions located in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia, China. There were 119 backward trajectories influenced both Qingdao and Jeju during 15 dust events from 2001 to 2007, accounting for 61.3% of the total trajectories of 194, indicating that Qingdao and Jeju were usually on the same pathway of dust transport downwind from source areas.

关键词： Asian dust the Yellow Sea dry deposition fluxes backward trajectory analysis

Process analysis of PM_(2.5) pollution events in a coastal city of China using CMAQ

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第5期31卷 225-238页

作者： Qiang Zhang Di Xue Xiaohuan Liu Xiang Gong huiwang gao College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao University of Science and Technology

US EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system(CMAQ) with Process Analysis tool was used to simulate and quantify the contribution of individual atmospheric processes to PM_(2.5) concentration in Qingdao during three representative PM_(2.5) pollution events in the winter of 2015 and 2016. Compared with the observed surface PM_(2.5) concentrations, CMAQ could reasonably reproduce the temporal and spatial variations of PM_(2.5) during these three events. Process analysis results show that primary emissions accounted for 72.7%–93.2% of the accumulation of surface PM_(2.5) before and after the events.When the events occurred, primary emissions were still the major contributor to the increase of PM_(2.5) in Qingdao, however the contribution percentage reduced significantly,which only account for 51.4%–71.8%. Net contribution from horizontal and vertical transport to the accumulation of PM_(2.5) was also positive and its percentage increased when events occurred. Only 1.1%–4.6% of aerosol accumulation was due to PM processes and aqueous chemical processes before and after events. When the events occurred,contribution from PM processes and aqueous chemistry increased to 6.0%–11.8%. Loss of PM_(2.5) was mainly through horizontal transport, vertical transport and dry deposition, no matter during or outside the events. Wet deposition would become the main removal pathway of PM_(2.5), when precipitation occurred.

关键词： CMAQ Process analysis PM2.5 Qingdao

Sources and characteristics of fine particles over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea using online single particle aerosol mass spectrometer

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 62-70页

作者： Huaiyu Fu Mei Zheng Caiqing Yan Xiaoying Li huiwang gao Xiaohong Yao Zhigang Guo Yuanhang Zhang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ministry of Education Ocean University of China

Marine aerosols over the East China Seas are heavily polluted by continental sources. During the Chinese Comprehensive Ocean Experiment in November 2012, size and mass spectra of individual atmospheric particles in the size range from 0.2 to 2.0 μm were measured on board by a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer （SPAMS）. The average hourly particle number （PN） was around 4560 ＋ 3240 in the South Yellow Sea （SYS）, 2900 ± 3970 in the North Yellow Sea （NYS）, and 1700 ± 2220 in the Bohai Sea （BS）. PN in NYS and BS varied greatly over 3 orders of magnitude, while that in SYS varied shghtly. The size distributions were fitted with two log-normal modes. Accumulation mode dominated in NYS and BS, especially during episodic periods. Coarse mode particles played an important role in SYS. Particles were dassifled using an adaptive resonance theory based neural network algorithm （ART-2a）. Six particle types were identified with secondary-containing, aged sea-salt, soot-like, biomass burning, fresh sea-salt, and lead-containing particles accounting for 32%, 21%, 18%, 16%, 4%, and 3% of total PN, respectively. Aerosols in BS were relatively enriched in particles from anthropogenic sources compared to SYS, probably due to emissions from more developed upwind regions and indicating stronger influence of continental outflow on marine environment. Variation of source types depended mainly on origins of transported air masses. This study examined rapid changes in PN, size distribution and source types of fine particles in marine atmospheres. It also demonstrated the effectiveness of hi,h-time-resolution source apportionment by ART-2a.

关键词： Source apportionment Marine aerosol Size and chemical composition SPAMS East China Sea

Size and elemental composition of dry-deposited particles during a severe dust storm at a coastal site of Eastern China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第2期28卷 161-168页

作者： Hongya Niu Daizhou Zhang Wei Hu Jinhui Shi Ruipeng Li huiwang gao Wei Pian Min Hu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Exploitation Hebei University of Engineering Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences Prefectural University of Kumamoto Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology Ocean University of ChinaMinistry of Education

Dry-deposited particles were collected during the passage of an extremely strong dust storm in March, 2010 at a coastal site in Qingdao（36.15°N, 120.49°E）, a city located in Eastern China. The size, morphology, and elemental composition of the particles were quantified with a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray instrument（SEM–EDX）. The particles appeared in various shapes, and their size mainly varied from 0.4to 10 μm, with the mean diameters of 0.5, 1.5, and 1.0 μm before, during, and after the dust storm, respectively. The critical size of the mineral particles settling on the surface in the current case was about 0.3–0.4 μm before the dust storm and about 0.5–0.7 μm during the dust storm. Particles that appeared in high concentration but were smaller than the critical size deposited onto the surface at a small number flux. The elements Al, Si and Mg were frequently detected in all samples, indicating the dominance of mineral particles. The frequency of Al in particles collected before the dust storm was significantly lower than for those collected during and after the dust storm. The frequencies of Cl and Fe did not show obvious changes, while those of S, K and Ca decreased after the dust arrival. These results indicate that the dust particles deposited onto the surface were less influenced by anthropogenic pollutants in terms of particle number.

关键词： Asian dust Dry deposition Morphology Size distribution Elemental composition

黄海微微型浮游植物对灰霾颗粒添加以及光照变化的响应

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中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第1期54卷 113-121页

作者：潘志伟张潮高会旺中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院山东青岛266100 中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室山东青岛266100

本研究于2020年夏、秋两季,在黄海的三个站位开展了船基受控培养实验,研究了灰霾颗粒添加和光照变化(相较于海面约40%、68%和82%的光衰减)对微微型浮游植物生长、群落演替及碳生物量和叶绿素a(Chl a)比值的影响。结果表明,微微型浮游植... 详细信息

本研究于2020年夏、秋两季,在黄海的三个站位开展了船基受控培养实验,研究了灰霾颗粒添加和光照变化(相较于海面约40%、68%和82%的光衰减)对微微型浮游植物生长、群落演替及碳生物量和叶绿素a(Chl a)比值的影响。结果表明,微微型浮游植物均表现出对总Chl a相当甚至主导的贡献能力,且所有培养站位初始海水中微微型浮游植物优势类群均为微微型真核浮游植物和聚球藻。在黄海中部和北部的贫营养海域,灰霾颗粒添加提供的氮能够促进微微型浮游植物的Chl a(Chl a_(pico))浓度、微微型真核浮游植物和聚球藻细胞丰度的增加,但光照变化的影响不显著。然而,微微型浮游植物碳生物量(C pico)和Chl a_(pico)比值(C pico/Chl a_(pico))随着灰霾颗粒的添加和光照强度的衰减呈降低趋势,这与浮游植物的光合色素合成水平密切相关。在近岸富营养海域,培养实验期间海面的光照强度较低,且由于海域水体浑浊,光照强度是影响微微型浮游植物生长和C pico/Chl a_(pico)比值的主要因素。Chl a_(pico)、细胞丰度和C pico/Chl a_(pico)比值均随着光照强度的衰减逐渐降低。本研究初步揭示了大气沉降和光照双因子调控下微微型浮游植物Chl a_(pico)和碳生物量的变化特征。

关键词：微微型浮游植物光照灰霾颗粒黄海叶绿素a

Investigating the impact of air pollution on AMI and COPD hospital admissions in the coastal city of Qingdao,China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第5期16卷 13-25页

作者： Jiuli Yang Mingyang Liu Qu Cheng Lingyue Yang Xiaohui Sun Haidong Kan Yang Liu Michelle LBell Rohini Dasan huiwang gao Xiaohong Yao Yang gao Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System(Ministry of Education)Ocean University of Chinaand Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266100China Department of Emergency Internal Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266100China Division of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Chronic Disease Prevention Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control&PreventionQingdao 266100China School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of EducationFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30322USA School of the Environment Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA

Air pollution has been widely associated with adverse effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.We investigated the relationship between acute myocardial infarction(AMI),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and air pollution exposure in the coastal city of Qingdao,China.Air pollution in this region is characterized by inland and oceanic transportation sources in addition to local emission.We examined the influence of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),NO_(2),SO_(2),CO and O_(3) concentrations on hospital admissions for AMI and COPD from October 1,2014,to September 30,2018,in Qingdao using a Poisson generalized additive model(GAM).We found that PM_(2.5),PM_(10),NO_(2),SO_(2) and CO exhibited a significant short-term(lag 1 day)association with AMI in the singlepollutant model among older adults(>65 years old)and females,especially during the cold season(October to March).In contrast,only NO2 and SO2 had clear cumulative lag associations with COPD admission for females and those over 65 years old at lag 01 and lag 03,respectively.In the twopollutant model,the exposure-response relationship fitted by the two-pollutant model did not change significantly.Our findings indicated that there is an inflection point between the concentration of certain air pollutants and the hospital admissions of AMI and COPD even under the linear assumption,indicative of the benefits of reducing air pollution vary with pollution levels.This study has important implications for the development of policy for air pollution control in Qingdao and the public health benefits of reducing air pollution levels.

关键词： AMI COPD Air pollution exposure GAM

青岛城区露水形成的影响因素及其产量评估模型研究

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中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第7期54卷 89-98页

作者：王洪坤贾世杰王仁政高会旺中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院山东青岛266100 中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室山东青岛266100

露水是中国北方春秋季常见的天气现象,但其形成条件和产量存在明显的区域差异。本文基于2021年春季和秋季在青岛城区采集的露水样品,探讨了气象因素和下垫面基质对露水发生及其产量的影响,并构建了露水产量定量估算的统计模型和神经网... 详细信息

露水是中国北方春秋季常见的天气现象,但其形成条件和产量存在明显的区域差异。本文基于2021年春季和秋季在青岛城区采集的露水样品,探讨了气象因素和下垫面基质对露水发生及其产量的影响,并构建了露水产量定量估算的统计模型和神经网络模型。结果表明:弱风(<4 m/s)、较高的相对湿度(≥50%)、适宜的温差(1~7℃)以及南风和东南风是青岛城区露水凝结的有利条件。其中,相对湿度和温度是影响露水产量的最主要因素。不同下垫面的辐射冷却强度存在差异,导致了露水凝结产量的不同,玻璃表面的露水产量比土壤表面高约34%,而粉粒土壤表面的露水产量相较于砂粒土壤表面高约13%。使用多元线性回归分析和人工神经网络方法对青岛城区的露水产量进行了评估,两种方法均表现出较好的模拟效果(R2分别为0.73和0.78)。

关键词：露水气象条件下垫面露水产量评估模型

Progress and prospects of atmospheric environmental sciences in China: Preface

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第1期26卷 1-1页

作者： Fahe Chai Abedelwahid Mellouki Yujing Mu Jianmin Chen huiwang gao Hong LiI CRAES-MEP SDU and ICARE-CNRS RCEES-CAS SDU-MOU OUC-MOU

Anthropogenic emissions impact significantly the atmospheric environment which human being relies on, e.g., global warming, stratospheric ozone depletion, photochemical smog, acid rain, haze and so on. Although clean air actions have been legislated by many nations to mitigate pollutants＇ emission with the aim of protecting the atmospheric environment, serious air pollution events are frequently observed in different regions, especially in developing countries. To best evaluate the effect of various control measures as well as the influence of various pollutants on the atmospheric environment, the levels, sources and sinks of the pollutants are needed to be comprehensively investigated. Since atmospheric environment involves multidisciplinary approach, scientists with different disciplines together can provide profound understandings about the atmospheric environmental problems. Sino-French Workshop on Atmospheric Environment is just one of such platforms to join scientists together for collaboration, exchange of experience and ideas.

关键词： Progress and prospects of atmospheric environmental sciences in China Preface

Modeling Seasonal Variations of Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum in South China Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2014年第4期13卷 561-571页

作者： GONG Xiang SHI Jie gao huiwang Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ocean University of China

In the South China Sea(SCS), the subsurface chlorophyll maximum(SCM) is frequently observed while the mechanisms of SCM occurrence have not been well understood. In this study, a 1-D physical-biochemical coupled model was used to study the seasonal variations of vertical profiles of chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) in the SCS. Three parameters(i.e., SCM layer(SCML) depth, thickness, and intensity) were defined to characterize the vertical distribution of Chl-a in SCML and were obtained by fitting the vertical profile of Chl-a in the subsurface layer using a Gaussian function. The seasonal variations of SCMs are reproduced reasonably well compared to the observations. The annual averages of SCML depth, thickness, and intensity are 75 ± 10 m, 31 ± 6.7 m, and 0.37 ± 0.11 mg m-3, respectively. A thick, close to surface SCML together with a higher intensity occurs during the northeastern monsoon. Both the SCML thickness and intensity are sensitive to the changes of surface wind speed in winter and summer, but the surface wind speed exerts a minor influence on the SCML depth; for example, double strengthening of the southwestern monsoon in summer can lead to the thickening of SCML by 46%, the intensity decreasing by 30%, and the shoaling by 6%. This is because part of nutrients are pumped from the upper nutricline to the surface mixed layer by strong vertical mixing. Increasing initial nutrient concentrations by two times will increase the intensity of SCML by over 80% in winter and spring. The sensitivity analysis indicates that light attenuation is critical to the three parameters of SCM. Decreasing background light attenuation by 20% extends the euphotic zone, makes SCML deeper(~20%) and thicker(12% – 41%), and increases the intensity by over 16%. Overall, the depth of SCML is mainly controlled by light attenuation, and the SCML thickness and intensity are closely associated with wind and initial nitrate concentration in the SCS.

关键词：叶绿素a 中国南海季节变化供应链管理系统季节性变化敏感性分析造型高斯函数拟合