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Investigation of HcAR2 antagonists as a potential strategy to modulate bovine leukocytes

Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1567-1577页

作者： Laman K.Mamedova Kirby c.Krogstad Paiton O.McDonald Laxman Pokhrel Duy H.Hua Evan c.Titgemeyer Barry J.Bradford Department of Animal science Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan 48824USA Department of Animal sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology East LansingMI 48824USA Department of chemistry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Background Dairy cows experiencing ketosis after calving suffer greater disease incidence and are at greater risk of leaving the herd. In vitro administration of beta-hydroxybutyric acid(BHBA;the primary blood ketone) has inhibitory effects on the function of bovine leukocytes. BHBA is a ligand of HcAR2 and the activation of these receptors promotes an anti-inflammatory response which may be related with immunosuppression observed in transition dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to identify and test antagonists for HcAR2 in bovine immune cells.cultured with *** We observed expression of HcAR2 at the protein level within lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes. The proportion of cells expressing HcAR2 tended to be greater in mid-lactation compared to early lactation cows;the increase was a result of increased proportion of T and B cells expressing HcAR2. stimulation of HcAR2 with niacin or BHBA promoted ca^(2+) mobilization in neutrophils and mononuclear cells. Mononuclear cells treated with BHBA had diminished intracellular ca^(2+) responses when HcAR2 was knocked down by si RNA silencing, indicating ca^(2+) mobilization was mediated by HcAR2 signaling. Two candidate antagonists for HcAR2, synthesized from niacin(NA-1 and NA-5), were tested;monocytes and neutrophils pre-treated with NA-1 and NA-5 had reduced ca^(2+) mobilization after incubation with BHBA. Furthermore, NA-5 but not NA-1 prevented BHBA-ass.ciated reductions in cyclic *** We demonstrated that HcAR2 is present on bovine leukocytes and has greater expression later in lactation. We confirmed that BHBA and niacin derived HcAR2 antagonists alter bovine leukocyte activity. Our results demonstrate that both BHBA and niacin affect bovine leukocyte ca^(2+) mobilization in a HcAR2-dependent manner.

关键词： Flow cytometry GPR109A HM74A Ketosis

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single atom cu-N-c catalysts for the electro-reduction of cO_(2) to cO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： s.Pérez-Rodríguez M.Gutiérrez-Roa c.Giménez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-cid M.V.Martínez-Huerta A.Zitolo M.J.Lázaro D.sebastián Instituto de carboquímica(cs.c) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de catálisis y Petroleoquímica(cs.c) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain synchrotron sOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochemical cO_(2) reduction reaction(cO_(2)RR) to controllable chemicals is.considered as a promising pathway to store intermittent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(cu-N-c) are s.ccessfully developed varying the copper amount and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient cO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic performance of cu-N-c materials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored for cO_(2)RR. For comparison, products are also characterized by online gas.chromatography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized cu-Nc catalysts are found to be active and highly cO selective at low overpotentials(from -0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 M KHcO_(3), while H_(2) from the competitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optimum copper acetate-derived catalyst containing cu-N_(4) moieties exhibits a cO_(2)-to-cO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/cO ratio of 1.8. These results demonstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from cO_(2)RR.

关键词： cu-N-c carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode carbon dioxide reduction reaction carbon monoxide

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热致液晶共聚酯/PA6/RsMA原位复合材料 2.力学性质与破坏行为

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材料研究学报 2001年第5期15卷 510-514页

作者：解孝林 LI R.K.Y TJONG s.c 华中科技大学武汉市430074 香港城市大学

选用ＶｅｃｔｒａＡ９５０热致液晶共聚酯（ＬＣＰ）制备热致液晶共聚酯（ＬＣＰ）／聚酰胺６（ＰＡ６）／苯乙烯－马来酸酐无规共聚物（ＲＳＭＡ）三元共混物，并注射成型制得复合板材，研究三元ＬＣＰ／ＰＡ６／ＲＳＭＡ原位复... 详细信息

选用ＶｅｃｔｒａＡ９５０热致液晶共聚酯（ＬＣＰ）制备热致液晶共聚酯（ＬＣＰ）／聚酰胺６（ＰＡ６）／苯乙烯－马来酸酐无规共聚物（ＲＳＭＡ）三元共混物，并注射成型制得复合板材，研究三元ＬＣＰ／ＰＡ６／ＲＳＭＡ原位复合材料的形态结构、力学性质和破坏行为结果表明，ＲＳＭＡ是ＬＣ／ＰＡ６复合材料的有效增容剂，ＲＳＭＡ的加入有利于ＬＣＰ在ＰＡ６基体中原位成纤，增强了两相之间的界面粘接加入ＲＳＭＡ后，ＬＣＰ／ＰＡ６原位复合材料的杨氏模量、抗拉强度和抗冲击强度明显提高．ＲＳＭＡ能延长ＬＣＰ／ＰＡ６复合材料的裂纹引发时间，增加裂纹引发能和总冲击能，对ＬＣＰ／ＰＡ６原位复合材料有增韧作用ＲＳＭＡ的加入量存在一临界值．

关键词：热致液晶共聚酯聚酰胺6 苯乙烯-马来酸酐无规共聚物改性力学性质原位复合材料结构破坏行为

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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger Anne M.Lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan c.Grove Karen L.christopher Richard s.Davidson Michael J.Taravella Naresh Mandava Jennifer L.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and ass.ciated visual outcomes following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of colorado school of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BcVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%cI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BcVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for ***,observed surgical complicatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

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Estimation of Peanut Maturity Using color Image Analysis

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2024年第8期15卷 617-635页

作者： Wei-Zhen Liang Kendall R. Kirk James s. Thomas Andrew c. Warner Department of Biological systems Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Panhandle Research and Extension center University of Nebraska-Lincoln Scottsbluff NE USA Department of Plant Environmental science Clemson University Clemson SC USA Edisto Research and Education center Clemson University Blackville SC USA University of Georgia-Athens.cooperative Extension Athens GA USA

Peanuts pods grow underground and mature unevenly, resulting that choosing the correct time to harvest is more complicated than other crops. Pod maturity can be determined by blasting with a pressure washer to remove outer skin of the pod (exocarp) to expose the color of the middle layer (mes.carp). The mes.carp color changes with maturity from white to yellow, orange, brown and finally black. The sum of percentage from orange, brown, and black mes.carp (OBB) color and black color (BL) represents the kernels that are mature enough to harvest. The goal of this research is to identify methodologies to estimate OBB and BL of the pods using RGB images taken in the field and validate the proposed model using other pod images. The Mahalanobis distance classification method was used to process sets of images and calculate pod area (number of pixels) corresponding to two classes (mes.carp and background) with nine different color groups. The results showed a performance of 94% effectiveness for mes.carp using Mahalanobis distance classification. statistical regression for OBB and BL was developed based on 315 images of peanut pods taken from the field. The R2 and root mean square error of predicted and actual OBB were 0.93 and 4.1%, respectively. The R2 and root mean square error of predicted and actual BL were 0.88 and 1.8%, respectively. The validation of OBB using other images provided reasonable estimation (R2 = 0.98 and RMsE = 2.73%). This study introduces a novel, cost-effective, and non-destructive method for estimating peanut maturity using RGB imagery and Mahalanobis distance classification in the field. This innovative approach addresses the limitations of traditional methods and offers a robust alternative for real-time maturity assessment.

关键词： Peanut Maturity Mes.carp Exocarp Mahalanobis Distance statistical Regression

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Limited impacts of occasional tillage on dry aggregate size distribution and soil carbon and nitrogen fractions in semi-arid drylands

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International soil and Water conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 96-106页

作者： Wooiklee s.Paye Vesh R.Thapa Rajan Ghimire New Mexico state University Agricultural Science CenterClovisNM88101USA New Mexico state University Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesLas CrucesNM88003USA

Tillage management that minimizes the frequency and intensity of soil disturbance can increase soil carbon(c)and nitrogen(N)sequestration and improve the resilience of dryland cropping systems,yet the impact of occasional disturbance on soil aggregate formation and the soil organic carbon(s.c)storage within aggregates has not been studied *** evaluated the effect of four tillage management practices on soil dry aggregate size distribution,aggregate-protected c and N,mineral-ass.ciated organic matter carbon(MAOM-c),particulate organic matter carbon(POM-c),and corn(Zea mays L.)and sorghum(sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench)yields in a semi-arid dryland cropping *** included conventional tillage(cT),strip-tillage(sT),no-tillage(NT),and occasional tillage(OT)management in a corn-sorghum *** macro-aggregates were 51-54%greater under sT,NT,and OT,while small and micro-aggregates were greater in *** tillage reduced soil aggregate-ass.ciated c by 28-31%in macro-aggregates and 47-53%in small aggregates at 26 months(M)sampling compared to sT,NT,and *** clay+silt fraction,cT had 14-16%,21-26%,and 36-43%less s.c at 7,14,and 26M samplings,respectively,than sT,NT,and *** ass.ciated N was generally similar under sT,NT,and OT,which was greater on average than *** MOAM-c and POM-c under sT,NT,and OT were generally greater than respective s.c fractions under cT at 19 and 26 M after OT *** and sorghum yields were similar among tillage systems in 2020,but greater under sT,NT,and OT than cT in *** results suggest that while frequent intensive tillage can lower s.c and N storage,a single stubble mulch occasional tillage after several years of NT does not lead to soil c and N losses and soil structural instability in semi-arid drylands.

关键词： conventional tillage Occasional tillage Aggregate ass.ciated carbon Mineral ass.ciated organic matter carbon(MAOM-c) Particulate organic matter carbon(POM-c)

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QcD sum rule study of J^(P)=1^(±)exotic states with two heavy quarks in the molecular picture

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chinese Phys.cs.c 2024年第6期48卷 31-37页

作者： T.M.Aliev s.Bilmis M.savcı Department of Phys.cs Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara06800Turkey TUBITAK ULAKBIM Ankara06510Turkey

In this study,the spectroscopic parameters of exotic molecular states.composed of mesons.containing two heavy quarks(scalar-axial and pseudoscalar-axial meson combinations)are investigated within the QcD sum *** findings reveal that molecular states.containing charm quarks do not form bound states,whereas states with b-quarks.can form exotic molecular *** observation has significant implications for understanding the structure of these exotic states.

关键词： QcD sum rules exotic mesons molecular states

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Analysis of strong decays of sU(3)partners ofΩ(2012)baryon

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chinese Phys.cs.c 2024年第8期48卷 34-41页

作者： T.M.Aliev s.Bilmis M.savci Department of Phys.cs Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkey TUBITAK ULAKBIM Ankara 06510Turkey

We estimate the coupling constants and decay widths of the sU(3)partners of theΩ(2012)hyperon,as discovered by the BELLE collaboration,using the distribution amplitudes of the octet baryons within the light cone sum rules *** study includes a comparison of the obtained results for the relevant decay widths with those derived within the framework of the flavor sU(3)*** observe a good agreement between the predictions of both ***,our result on the decay width ofΩ→ΞK is.compatible with the existing experimental result within the uncertainties of the model *** results.can provide helpful insights for determining the nature of the sU(3)partners of theΩ(2012)baryon.

关键词： coupling constants light cone sum rule hyperon

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Predictive active control of building structures using LQR and artificial intelligence

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 489-502页

作者： Nirmal s.Mehta Vishisht Bhaiya K.A.Patel Ehsan Noroozinejad Farsangi Department of civil Engineering SVNIT SuratGujarat 395007India Urban Transformations Research centre Western Sydney UniversityNSWAustralia

This study presents a neural network-based model for predicting linear quadratic regulator(LQR)weighting matrices for achieving a target response *** on the expected weighting matrices,the LQR algorithm is used to determine the various responses of the *** responses are determined by numerically analyzing the governing equation of motion using the state-space *** training a neural network,four input parameters are considered:the time history of the ground motion,the percentage reduction in lateral displacement,lateral velocity,and lateral acceleration,Output parameters are LQR weighting *** study the effectiveness of an LQR-based neural network(LQRNN),the actual percentage reduction in the responses obtained from using LQRNN is.compared with the target percentage ***,to investigate the efficacy of an active control system using LQRNN,the controlled responses of a system are compared to the corresponding uncontrolled *** trained neural network effectively predicts weighting parameters that can provide a percentage reduction in displacement,velocity,and acceleration close to the target percentage *** on the simulation study,it can be concluded that significant response reductions are observed in the active-controlled system using ***,the LQRNN algorithm can replace conventional LQR control with the use of an active control system.

关键词： active control system linear quadratic regulator artificial neural networks state-space approach response effectiveness factor resilience

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Multiple responses optimization in the development of a headspace gas.chromatography method for the determination of residual solvents in pharmaceuticals

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2015年第5期5卷 296-306页

作者： carla M.Teglia Milagros Montemurro María M.De Zan María s.cmara Laboratorio de control de calidad de Medicamentos Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias BiologicasUniversidad Nacional del Litoral

An efficient generic static headspace gas.chromatography （Hs.c） method was developed, optimized and validated for the routine determination of several residual solvents （Rs） in drug substance, using a strategy with two sets of calibration. Dimethylsulfoxide （DMsO） was selected as the sample diluent and internal standards were used to minimize signal variations due to the preparative step. A gas.chroma- tograph from Agilent Model 6890 equipped with flame ionization detector （FID） and a DB-624 （30 m × 0.53 mm i.d., 3.00 μm film thickness） column was used. The inlet split ratio was 5：1. The influ- encing factors in the chromatographic separation of the analytes were determined through a fractional factorial experimental design. significant variables： the initial temperature （IT）, the final temperature （FT） of the oven and the carrier gas flow rate （F） were optimized using a central composite design. Response transformation and desirability function were applied to find out the optimal combination of the chromatographic variables to achieve an adequate resolution of the analytes and short analysis time. These conditions were 30 ℃ for IT, 158 ℃ for FT and 1.90 mL/min for F. The method was proven to be accurate, linear in a wide range and very sensitive for the analyzed solvents through a comprehensive validation according to the IcH guidelines.

关键词： Headspace gas.chromatographyResidual solventsPharmaceuticalssurface response methodologyDesirabiliW function

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