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SDG space: Revealing the structure and complementarities among sustainable development goals in China

Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 360-369页

作者： Gong, Mimi Yu, Ke Zhou, Changchang Liu, Zhouyi Xu, Zhenci Xu, ming Qu, shen Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University East Lansing 48824 MI United States Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Beijing Institute of Technology Haidian District Beijing 100081 China School of Geography Nanjing Normal University 1 Wenyuan Road Qixia Nanjing 210023 China Department of Geography The University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

To achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, it is essential to understand the interlinkages between the goals. Previous research has investigated these interactions by focusing on their correlations. However, few studies have systematically prioritized them from a structural perspective through the complementarity measurements and empirically validated their policy effectiveness, such as which goals and indicators impact other SDGs most, especially in China. This study introduces a new concept known as the ‘SDG space’ by employing the “Product Space” approach in network science and economics. It measures the complementarities between SDGs and indicators through their network structures in investigating effective policy design. Using the most recent available but unpublished data for 31 Chinese provinces, the SDG space was constructed at the 17 SDG and 118 indicator levels by analyzing the probability of comparative advantage between each SDG or indicator pair co-occurring in the same place. Historical data confirm that in the ‘SDG Space’ network, a goal connected to other well-developed goals would enjoy better future growth and vice versa. The structure reveals that SDG 4 (Quality Education), 15 (Life on Land), and 1 (No Poverty) are critical goals with transformative synergies to other SDGs. Furthermore, we identified strong complementarities between land-based ecosystems and clean water and climate actions using the finer-grained indicator-level space. These findings help pave the way for China toward a sustainable future by providing science-based policy recommendations for decision-makers. They can be generally applied to other countries and regions to assist in navigating toward sustainable development. © 2024

关键词： China Network analysis Product space SDG space Sustainable development goals

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A Generative Adversarial Network with an Attention Spatiotemporal Mechanism for Tropical Cyclone Forecasts

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第1期42卷 67-78页

作者： Xiaohui LI Xinhai HAN Jingsong YANG Jiuke WANG Guoqi HAN Jun DING hui shen Jun YAN Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China School of Artificial Intelligence Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Fisheries and Oceans Canada Institute of Ocean SciencesSidney V8L 4B2Canada Zhejiang Marine Monitoring and Forecasting Center Hangzhou 310007China

Tropical cyclones(TCs)are complex and powerful weather systems,and accurately forecasting their path,structure,and intensity remains a critical focus and challenge in meteorological *** this paper,we propose an Attention Spatio-Temporal predictive Generative Adversarial Network(AST-GAN)model for predicting the temporal and spatial distribution of *** model forecasts the spatial distribution of TC wind speeds for the next 15 hours at 3-hour intervals,emphasizing the cyclone's center,high wind-speed areas,and its asymmetric *** effectively capture spatiotemporal feature transfer at different time steps,we employ a channel attention mechanism for feature selection,enhancing model performance and reducing parameter *** utilized High-Resolution Weather Research and Forecasting(HWRF)data to train our model,allowing it to assimilate a wide range of TC motion *** model is versatile and can be applied to various complex scenarios,such as multiple TCs moving simultaneously or TCs approaching *** proposed model demonstrates superior forecasting performance,achieving a root-mean-square error(RMSE)of 0.71 m s^(-1)for overall wind speed and 2.74 m s^(-1)for maximum wind speed when benchmarked against ground truth data from ***,the model underwent optimization and independent testing using ERA5reanalysis data,showcasing its stability and *** fine-tuning on the ERA5 dataset,the model achieved an RMSE of 1.33 m s^(-1)for wind speed and 1.75 m s^(-1)for maximum wind *** AST-GAN model outperforms other state-of-the-art models in RMSE on both the HWRF and ERA5 datasets,maintaining its superior performance and demonstrating its effectiveness for spatiotemporal prediction of TCs.

关键词： tropical cyclones spatiotemporal prediction generative adversarial network attention spatiotemporal mechanism deep learning

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Subsection cooling system of hot rolling silicon steel and its industrial application

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 159-170页

作者： Qiu-na Wang Ji-quan Sun Li-po Yang Hai-shen Wang Li-jie Dong Jie-ming Li Zhen-yang Zhi Yan-wen Bi National Engineering Research Center of Flat Rolling Equipment University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Hot Rolling Department of Qian’an Iron and Steel Corporation Shougang Company LimitedTangshan064404HebeiChina National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Strip Rolling Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004HebeiChina

An online subsection cooling method for hot rolling silicon steel was designed to achieve local adjustment of transverse roll ***,it was able to meet the requirements of edge drop of the strip by using the features of online thermal ***,after the new subsection spray beam was installed at the exit of mill,the special local cooling rules were analyzed for altering the thermal crown of roll according to rolling process ***,the dynamic impact of subsection cooling on the local thermal crown could just be obtained according to the measured ***,the heat transfer coefficient was determined by different subsection cooling curves under varied rolling ***,the rolling rhythm and variable conditions were important dynamic factors of transient roll temperature in practical rolling ***,real-time calculation and presetting of the thermal crown were carried out to maximize special requirements of load roll gap on local strip *** this new method,the transient temperature and the thermal crown of roll could be quantitatively controlled *** the practical results showed that the predicted temperature was able to match the measured value by more than 95%.Meanwhile,the adjustable range of thermal crown increased by more than 2.5 ***,the qualification rate of strip edge crown has increased from the original 30%to over 70%.

关键词： Subsection cooling Thermal roll crown Multi-parameter coupling Hot rolling Silicon steel

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The cGAS-STING-interferon regulatory factor 7 pathway regulates neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2361-2372页

作者： shengyang Zhou Ting Li Wei Zhang Jian Wu hui Hong Wei Quan Xinyu Qiao Chun Cui Chenmeng Qiao Weijiang Zhao Yanqin shen Laboratory of Neurodegenerative and Neuroinjury Diseases Wuxi Medicine SchoolJiangnan UniversityWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

Interferon regulatory factor 7 plays a crucial role in the innate immune ***,whether interferon regulatory factor 7-mediated signaling contributes to Parkinson's disease remains *** we report that interferon regulatory factor 7 is markedly up-regulated in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease and co-localizes with microglial *** the selective cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase inhibitor RU.521 and the stimulator of interferon genes inhibitor H151 effectively suppressed interferon regulatory factor 7 activation in BV2 microglia exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and inhibited transformation of mouse BV2 microglia into the neurotoxic M1 *** addition,si RNA-mediated knockdown of interferon regulatory factor 7 expression in BV2 microglia reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase,tumor necrosis factorα,CD16,CD32,and CD86 and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory markers ARG1 and *** together,our findings indicate that the cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes-interferon regulatory factor 7 pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

关键词： cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase H151 interferon regulatory factor 7 M1 phenotype neurodegenerative disease neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease RU521 STING type I interferon

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Environmental Inequality in China’s Urban Expansion:A Case Study of Guangzhou,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2025年第1期35卷 187-202页

作者： WANG Shaogu shen Jing School of Geography and Planning Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Environmental inequality is a prevalent issue in developing countries undergoing urban *** expansion induces the formation and evolution of environmental inequality by creating environmental and structural conditions that lead to the spatial relocation of environmental hazards and the socio-spatial segregation of different groups in developing *** study investigated the spatial patterns and temporal trends of environmental inequality under urban expansion in Guangzhou,a megacity in *** considered how environmental disparities and socio-demographic attributes interact in terms of industrial pollution exposure using additive semiparametric quantile regression,combined with spatial visualisation,on the basis of the economic and population census data from 1990 to *** study revealed that urban expansion sparked the spatial displacement of environmental risks and the social-spatial differentiation,exposing the peripheral regions and disadvantaged groups to higher environmental risks.A reciprocal transformation occurred between central and peripheral regions,as well as a process of redistributing environmental risks across social *** the context of urban expansion in developing countries,the causes of environmental inequality shifted from individual socio-economic differences to structural factors,such as industrial layout and social division of labour in cities,leading to the spatial displacement and concealment of environmental *** study provides insights and guidance for policymakers to address the issue of environmental inequality in the context of urban expansion.

关键词： environmental inequality urban expansion spatiotemporal evolution additive semiparametric quantile regression Guangzhou,China

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IL-17A mediates inflammation-related retinal pigment epithelial cells injury via ERK signaling pathway

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 15-27页

作者： hui-Min Zhong Bing-Qiao shen Yu-Hong Chen Xiao-Huan Zhao Xiao-Xu Huang Min-Wen Zhou Xiao-Dong Sun Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital(Shanghai First People’s Hospital)Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySchool of MedicineShanghai 200080China National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases Shanghai 200080China National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai 200080China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases Shanghai 200080China Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai 200080China

AIM:To investigate whether interleukin-17A(IL-17A)gets involved in the mechanisms of inflammation-related retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells injury and its significance in age-related macular degeneration(AMD).MRTHODS:A sodium iodate(NaIO3)mouse model as well as IL-17A-/-mice were *** effects of inflammatory cytokines in RPE cells and retinal microglia before and after NaIO3 modeling in vivo and in vitro,were investigated using immunofluorescence,immunoprotein blotting,and quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),*** using recombinant IL-17A protein(rIL-17A)or IL-17A neutralizing antibody(IL-17A NAb)were used to observe the subsequent differences in fundus,fundus photography and optical coherence tomography(OCT),cell viability,and expression of oxidative stress-related markers before and after modeling,and to screen for key signaling ***:In the scenario of NaIO3 stimulation,RPE cells obviously tended to *** proliferation and activation of retinal microglia was confirmed in NaIO3-stimulated mice,whereas such effects induced by NaIO3 were significantly ameliorated with IL-17A NAb intervention or in IL-17A-/-*** addition,IL-17A promoted the proliferation and activation of microglia as well as oxidative damage and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines alongside NaIO3-induced damage in RPE cells in vivo and ex ***,the extracellular signalregulated kinase(ERK)signaling pathway was shown to be participated in the regulation of NaIO3-induced RPE cells injury mediated by IL-17A in vivo and ex vivo,as IL-17A induced inflammatory cytokines release in the NaIO3 model was alleviated after blocking the ERK ***:IL-17A probably promotes the NaIO3-induced RPE cells injury through exacerbating inflammation in terms of retinal microglia activation and inflammatory cytokines release via ERK signaling *** of IL-17A may be a new potential ta

关键词： age-related macular degeneration retinal pigment epithelium NaIO3 microglia IL-17A

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A Distance-Adjustable 3D DNA Scaff old Accelerated Quadruped DNA Walker for the Photoelectrochemical Biosensing of RNA in Phytophthora Infestans

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2025年第01期 71-81页

作者： hui Yang Liying Ge Ziqing Liang Haoran shen Yingju Liu Kaiyu He Weipeng Liu Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education College of Materials and EnergySouth China Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Aff airsInstitute of Agro-Product Safety and NutritionZhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Phytophthora infestans, the causative agent of potato late blight, poses a destructive threat to global agricultural production. Herein, a 3D DNA scaff old is elaborately designed as DNA tracks for accelerating the walking process of the quadruped walker, further accompanied by the perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride（PTCDA）/CdS/TiO2photoelectrode for the detection of RNA in Phytophthora infestans. Upon interaction with the target RNA, the quadruped walker was released to expeditiously walk along the 3D DNA scaff old and initiate the unfolding of hairpin 1（H1）, where H1 could completely pair with the alkaline phosphatase-modified hairpin 2（AP-H2）. Impressively, compared to traditional DNA track, the unique structure of the 3D DNA scaff old with equidistant binding sites and high continuity endowed the quadruped walker with a faster walking rate and better reaction efficiency. Consequently, a substantial quantity of AP-H2 was anchored, causing the hydrolysis of ascorbic acid 2-phosphate（AAP） into ascorbic acid（AA） by the immobilized AP. AA, as an active electron donor, can significantly increase the photocurrent signal. Thus, the proposed biosensor presents remarkable sensitivity in RNA detection with a detection limit down to 3.3 fM. This strategy of designing a 3D DNA scaff old as a DNA track provides a high-efficiency sensing platform and a valuable potential application for other biomarker detection.

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Evaluating the accuracy of earth rotation parameters based on the BDS observations

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2025年第1期16卷 87-98页

作者： Chenxiang Wang Pengfei Zhang Tengxu Zhang Ziyu shen Jizhang Sang Wenbin shen School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan University Time and Frequency Geodesy Center Wuhan University School of Resource Environmental Science and Engineering Hubei University of Science and Technology

The Bei Dou satellite system(BDS) has progressed with the full operationalization of the secondgeneration regional system(BDS-2) and the third-generation global system(BDS-3). This technology plays a crucial role in determining Earth Rotation Parameters(ERPs). In this study, we determine the ERPs based on the observations of BDS-2, BDS-3 and BDS-2+BDS-3, with the time spanning from August18, 2022, to August 18, 2023. The IERS EOP 20C04 series is used as a reference to evaluate the accuracy of the ERP estimates. We analyze the impact of different numbers of reference stations, polyhedron volumes, observation arc lengths, satellite types, and satellite systems on solving ERPs using BDS-2 and BDS-3 observation data provided by the International GNSS Service(IGS) stations. When selecting a specific satellite type, it is necessary to choose an appropriate observation arc length based on different numbers of reference stations while maximizing the volume of the formed polyhedron to achieve optimal efficiency and accuracy in parameter estimation. When both the number of reference stations and observation arc length are fixed, higher precision of the ERPs can be achieved using observations from MEO than MEO + IGSO and MEO + IGSO + GEO. Moreover, when considering only IGSO and MEO satellites as options for analysis purposes, BDS-3 provides higher accuracy compared to BDS-2. In summary, when using BDS for ERP estimation and MEO satellite observations with the same observation arc length,selecting stations from reference stations with larger polyhedral volumes can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of parameter estimation.

关键词： Earth rotation parameters Polyhedron volume Observation arc length BDS-2 BDS-3

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Evaluating complementaries among urban water,energy,infrastructure,and social Sustainable Development Goals in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 585-597页

作者： Ke Yu Yifan Song Jin Lin shen Qu School of Management and Economics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Center for Energy&Environmental Policy Research Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Urban areas’performance in water,energy,infrastructure,and socio-economic sectors is intertwined and measurable through Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)6–*** synergy among these is critical for *** study constructs an indicator framework that reflects progress towards these urban SDGs in *** indicate underperformance in SDGs 8–11,suggesting the need for transformative *** network analysis,the research reveals complementarities among these ***,the SDG space divides into socio-economic and ecological clusters,with SDG 6(Clean Water and Sanitation)central to ***,SDG 8(Decent Work and Economic Growth)and SDG 9(Industry,Innovation,and Infrastructure)act as bridges,while greater synergies exist between SDG 12(Responsible Consumption and Production)and SDG 13(Climate Action).An in-depth view at the indicator-level shows a core-periphery structure,emphasizing indicators like SDG 6.2(Wastewater Treatment Rate)and SDG 6.6(Recycled Water Production Capacity per capita)as *** study confirms the urban SDG space’s stability and predictiveness,underscoring its value in steering well-aligned policy decisions for sustainable growth.

关键词： Sustainable development goals Synergy Urban development Policy decisions

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Axial emission characteristics of an ionic liquid electrospray thruster with a circular emitter

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 297-305页

作者： Cheng YANG Jiawei LUO Xiangbei WU Yan shen School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Microsatellite Constellation Shenzhen 518107China

Ionic Liquid Electrospray Thrusters(ILETs)are well suited for micro-nano satellite applications due to their small size,low power consumption,and high specific ***,the limited thrust of a single-emitter ILET restricts its use in space *** optimize the performance of ILETs and make them suitable for a wider range of space missions,we designed a Circular-emitter ILET(CILET)to convert a one-dimensional(point)emission into a twodimensional(line)*** CILET can self-organize multiple Taylor cones *** cones were photographed and the axial emission currents were measured under different voltage and pressure difference conditions with a CILET experimental *** emission can be divided into two stable states and one unstable state based on the flow and current *** current in Stable state Ⅰ increases non-linearly with the voltage,while that in Stable state Ⅱ is nearly linear with respect to the *** number of cones increases with the voltage in stable states,while the cones become short and crowded under high-voltage *** variation law of the number of cones can be explained with the self-organization *** variation in the current exhibits a good correlation with the number of *** study demonstrates the feasibility of circular emitters and experimentally indicates that the emission current is improved by approximately two orders of magnitude compared to that of a single capillary.

关键词： Electrospray Ionic liquid thruster Self-organize Emitter Taylor cone

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