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Quantitative and qualitative subgenomic RNA profiles of SARS-coV-2 in respiratory samples: A comparison between Omicron BA.2 and non-VOc-D614G

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 218-227页

作者： Zigui chen Rita way yin Ng Grace Lui Lowell Ling Agnes S.y.Leung chit chow Siaw Shi Boon wendy c.S.Ho Maggie Haitian wang Renee wan yi chan Albert Martin Li David Shu cheong hui Paul Kay Sheung chan Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anatomical and cellular Pathology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Jockey club School of Public Health and Primary care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Stanley Ho centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The SARS-coV-2 Omicron variants are notorious for their transmissibility,but little is known about their subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)*** study applied RNA-seq to delineate the quantitative and qualitative profiles of canonical sgRNA of 118 respiratory samples collected from patients infected with Omicron BA.2 and compared with 338 patients infected with non-variant of concern(non-VOc)-D614G.A unique characteristic profile depicted by the relative abundance of 9 canonical sgRNAs was reproduced by both BA.2 and non-VOcD614G regardless of host gender,age and presence of ***,such profile was lost in samples with low viral load,suggesting a potential application of sgRNA pattern to indicate viral activity of individual patient at a specific time point.A characteristic qualitative profile of canonical sgRNAs was also reproduced by both BA.2 and *** presence of a full set of canonical sgRNAs carried a coherent correlation with crude viral load(AUc¼0.91,95%cI 0.88–0.94),and sgRNA ORF7b was identified to be the best surrogate marker allowing feasible routine application in characterizing the infection status of individual *** potentials in using sgRNA as a target for vaccine and antiviral development are worth pursuing.

关键词： coronavirus SARS-coV-2 Omicron BA.2 Non-VOc-D614G RNA-seq Subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)

clinically relevant factors associated with quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography metrics in deep capillary plexus in patients with diabetes

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Eye and Vision 2020年第1期7卷 64-74页

作者： Fang yao Tang Erica O.chan Zihan Sun Raymond wong Jerry Lok Simon Szeto Jason c.chan Alexander Lam clement c.Tham Danny S.Ng carol y.cheung Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionKowloonChina Hong Kong Eye Hospital Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionKowloonChina cUHK Eye centre Hong Kong Eye Hospital147K Argyle StreetKlnKowloonHong KongChina

Background:To test clinically relevant factors associated with quantitative artifact-free deep capillary plexus(DcP)metrics in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM).Methods:563 eligible eyes(221 with no diabetic retinopathy[DR],135 with mild DR,130 with moderate DR,and 77 with severe DR)from 334 subjects underwent optical coherence tomography-angiography(OcT-A)with a swept-source OcT(Triton DRI-OcT,Topcon,Inc.,Tokyo,Japan).Strict criteria were applied to exclude from analysis those DcP images with artifacts and of poor quality,including projection artifacts,motion artifacts,blurriness,signal loss,B-scan segmentation error,or low-quality score.A customized MATLAB program was then used to quantify DcP morphology from the artifact-free DcP images by calculating three metrics:foveal avascular zone(FAZ),vessel density(VD),and fractal dimension(FD).Results:166(29.5%)eyes were excluded after quality control,leaving in the analysis 397 eyes(170 with no DR,101 with mild DR,90 with moderate DR,36 with severe DR)from 250 *** the multiple regression models,larger FAZ area was associated with more severe DR(β=0.687;p=0.037),shorter axial length(AL)(β=−0.171;p=0.003),thinner subfoveal choroid thickness(β=−0.122;p=0.031),and lower body mass index(BMI)(β=−0.090;p=0.047).Lower VD was associated with more severe DR(β=−0.842;p=0.001),shorter AL(β=0.107;p=0.039),and poorer visual acuity(VA)(β=−0.133;p=0.021).Lower FD was associated with more severe DR(β=−0.891;pwith older age(β=−0.142;p=0.004).conclusions:Quantitative artifact-free DcP metrics are associated with VA,DR severity,AL,subfoveal choroidal thickness,age,and BMI in diabetic *** effects of ocular and systemic factors should be considered for meaningful interpretations of DcP changes in DM patients.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography angiography Diabetic retinopathy Deep capillary plexus Visual acuity

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Behaviours of Non-Polar Droplets Merging and Interactions with Hydrophobic Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2008年第4期5卷 271-281页

作者： y.y. yan c.y. Ji School of the Built Environment University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK

This paper presents a molecular dynamics simulation of the behaviours of non-polar droplets merging and also the fluid molecules interacting with a hydrophobic surface. Such behaviours and transport phenomena are popular in general microchannel flow boiling and two-phase flow. The droplets are assumed to be composed of Lennards-Jones type molecules. Periodic boundary conditions are applied in three coordinate directions of a 3-D system, where there exist two liquid droplets and their vapour. The two droplets merge when they come within the prescribed small distance. The merging of two droplets apart from each other at different initial distances is tested and the possible larger （or critical） non-dimensional distance, in which droplets merging can occur, is discussed. The evolution of the merging process is simulated numerically by employing the Molecular Dynamics （MD） method. For interactions with hydrophobic solid wall, a system with fluid confined between two walls is used to study the wetting phenomena of fluid and solid wall. The results are compared with those of hydrophilic wall to show the unique characteristics of hydrophobic interactions by microscopic methods.

关键词： molecular dynamics simulation mist flow droplets merging hydrophobic wetting

Asymptotic analysis of dispersive tsunami from a slender fault

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2019年第6期31卷 1073-1084页

作者： yile Li chiang c.Mei I-chi chan Katy TexasUSA Department of civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA Department of civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiChina

An approximate theory is developed for the two-dimensional propagation of tsunami emanated from a slender fault of fine *** significant contrasts between the sea depth,fault width,fault length and the bathymetric length scales,we invoke parabolic approximation to deduce a linear Kademtsev・Petviashivili(K-P)equation governing the two-dimensional propagation of dispersive long waves over great *** techniques are employed to explore the far-field radiation in the forward and spanwise directions in a sea of constant *** solution can be used as a convenient input for predicting local variations of wave scattering and possibly breaking along a coast.

关键词： Slender fault dispersion in transocean tsunami Linear Kademtsev-Petviashivi1i approximation

Liver surgery and transplantation in china: Progress and challenges

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Frontiers of Medicine 2007年第1期1卷 1-5页

作者： LAU w y LAI E c H Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SAR.China

From the limited but available information,we traced the history of developments of liver surgery and transplantation in *** surgery first started in the late 1950s in china,and it soon flourished mainly because of the great demand in liver surgery and the emergence of a number of giants in liver *** recognized and honoured the important contributions of these chinese pioneers in portal hypertension,recurrent pyogenic cholangitis,hepatocellular carcinoma and liver transplantation.

关键词： liver surgery transplantation

INFLUENcES OF DENSITy AND DIMENSION OF cARBON NANOTUBES ON THEIR FIELD EMISSION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2003年第4期16卷 302-308页

作者： y.B.Zhu w.L.wang c.G.Hu DepartmentofPhysics JiangsuNormalUniversitySuzhou221009ChinaManuscriptreceived25November2002 DepartmentofAppliedPhysics ChongqingUniversityChongqing400044China

The influences of density and dimension of carbon nanotubes on their electron emission from arrays are studied. The tip electric field of nanotubes, electric field enhancement factor, and optimum nanotube density are expressed by analytic equations. The theoretical analyses show that the field enhancement factor is sensitive to nanotube density, and can be sharply improved at a specific and optimum density. Some experiments have demonstrated these. Owning to electrostatic screening effect, the length of carbon nanotubes has little effect on their emission. A uniformly-distributed carbon nanotube array model is set up, and applied to analysis of carbon nanotube arrays. The results obtained here are in good agreement with the experimental data.

关键词： carbon nanotube array field emission optimum density

Integration of piezoelectric transducers(PZT and PVDF)within polymer-matrix composites for structural health monitoring applications:new success and challenges

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2020年第4期11卷 343-369页

作者： c.Tuloup w.Harizi Z.Aboura y.Meyer Roberval(Mechanics Energy and Electricity)Universitéde Technologie de CompiègneCNRSCentre de Recherche RoyallieuCompiègne CedexFrance Savoie SYMME Systems Laboratory Mechatronics and MaterialsUniversitéSavoie Mont-BlancChambéryFrance

This article investigates the interest of using in-situ piezoelectric(PZT and PVDF)disks to perform real-time Structural Health Monitoring(SHM)of glass fiber-reinforced polymer composites submitted to var-ious tensile *** goal is to evaluate the working range and SHM potential of such embedded transducers for relatively simple mechanical loadings,with the long-term aim of using them to monitor complete 3D structures submitted to more complex *** is performed acquiring the electrical capacitance variation of the embedded *** study the potential links between the insitu capacitance signal and the global response of the loaded host specimens,a multi-instrumentation composed of external Nondestructive Testing techniques was implemented on the surfaces of the specimens to search for multi-physical couplings between these external measurements and the capacitance *** confirmed the non-intrusiveness of the embedded transducers,and allowed estimating their working *** capacitance signal follows well the mechanical loadings,but the piezoceramic transducer gets damaged after a determined relatively low strain level due to its *** limits of this working domain are extended by using a stretchable PolyVinylidene Fluoride(PVDF)polymer transducer,allowing this one to perform in-situ and real-time SHM of its host tensile specimens until failure.

关键词： Polymer-matrix composites(PMcs) in-situ piezoelectric transducer structural health monitoring nondestructive testing tensile loading PZT PVDF

comparing material wastage levels between conventional in-situ and prefabrication construction in Hong Kong

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2004年第5期11卷 548-551页

作者： Vivian w yTam c M Tam L y Shen Dept. of Building and construction City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong ChinaDept. of Building and Construction City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong ChinaDept. of Building and Construction City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Generation of construction wastes constitutes a major impact to the environment. Studies have been directed toward reducing wastes of the various construction processes. However, contractors in Hong Kong are rather conservative and lack motivation to develop new technology for waste minimization. This paper examines the benefits of using prefabrication in reducing material wastage levels for some traditional in-situ trades such as concreting, rebar fixing, bricklaying, drywall, plastering, screeding and tiling in Hong Kong. By measuring thirty construction projects, it is been found that waste levels of all major construction trades can be effectively reduced. This is particularly significant in the trade of plastering where 100% saving can be achieved after adopting prefabrication. The standardized design of the building can also be useful in the adoption of prefabrication for private housing projects.

关键词： prefabrication conventional in-situ trades material wastage environment

Preparation and characterization of M_(1)-N_(x)-c_(y)based single atom catalysts for environmental applications

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chinese chemical Letters 2023年第8期34卷 130-141页

作者： Xinjiang Hu Daixi Zhou hui wang wenlong Zhang Haoxiang Zhong yongsheng chen college of Environmental Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China School of civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332United States Georgia Tech Shenzhen Institute Tianjin UniversityShenzhen 518067China

Single atom catalysts(SAcs)have become the frontier research fields in *** M_(1)-N_(x)-c_(y)based SAcs,wherein single metal atoms(M1)are stabilized by N-doped carbonaceous materials,have provided new opportunities for catalysis due to their high reactivity,maximized atomic utilization,and high *** this review,the fabrication methods of M_(1)-N_(x)-c_(y)based SAcs via support anchoring strategy and coordination design strategy are summarized to help the readers understand the interaction mechanism of single atoms and ***,characterization technologies for identifying single metal atoms are ***,the environmental applications including management of harmful gases,water purification are ***,future opportunities and challenges for preparation strategies,mechanisms and applications are *** conclude this review by emphasizing the fact that M_(1)-N_(x)-c_(y)based SAcs has the potential to become an important candidate for solving current and future environmental pollution problems.

关键词： Single atom catalysts Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis Environmental applications