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Comparative analysis of current diagnostic PCR assays in detecting pathogenic Leptospira isolates from environmental samples

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第10期12卷 472-478页

作者： May-Ling Yap Zamberi Sekawi hui-yee chee Han Kiat Alan Ong Vasantha Kumari Neela Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanBandar Sungai Long43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia

Objective:To compare the efficiency of routine diagnostic PCR assays in detecting pathogenic Leptospira isolated from water and ***:Seven routine assays targeting six genes(lip L32,fla B,gyr B,lfb1,sec Y and lig B)were evaluated and compared on the cultures of two groups of pathogenic Leptospira from different *** group included 19 described reference strains recovered from infected human or animals,and another group included 22 environmental isolates from recreational and residential sites in *** latter have been confirmed for presence of pathogenic Leptospira *** positivity or detection sensitivity of each assay was determined and compared between the two ***:Validation on reference strains showed 100.0%PCR sensitivity for all assays except lig B-PCR(95.0%)that failed to amplify Leptospira interrogans serovar *** marked contrast,there was a notable decline in sensitivity in the environmental isolates(lip L32-PCR,95.5%;fla B-PCR,90.9%;gyr B-PCR,77.3%;lfb1-PCR,59.1%;sec Y-PCRs,40.9%G1/G2-PCR,36.4%;lig B-PCR,13.6%),implying a large genetic distance between the two groups,as well as nucleotide polymorphism among environmental ***:High proportion of false-negative PCR results suggests a need of prudent selection of primers in detecting environmental pathogenic *** findings offer valuable insights on the extensive biodiversity of genus Leptospira and its impact on the efficacy and development of molecular detection tool.

关键词： Leptospira Pathogenic species Environmental samples PCR Sensitivity

Antiviral activity of traditional Chinese medicinal plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Morus alba against dengue virus

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第4期19卷 1085-1096页

作者： Maqsood MARYAM Kian Keong TE Fai Chu WONG Tsun Thai CHAI Gary K K LOW Seng Chiew GAN hui yee chee Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Faculty of Natural Sciences SBK Women's University QuettaBalochistan 87300Pakistan Department of Chinese Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusKajang 43000Malaysia Department of Chemical Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Kampar Campus)Kampar 31900Malaysia Department of Population Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Sungai Long Campus)Kajang 43000Malaysia Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Sungai Long Campus)Kajang 43000Malaysia

Dengue virus(DENV) has emerged as a major virus that is spread by mosquitoes. Recently, it has spread to more than a hundred nations but continues to lack specific treatable medication. Many traditional Chinese medicinal(TCM) plants are in practice for dengue fever in dengue endemic regions. These traditional medicines persevere with treatments, which modern medicines lack. The study aims to substantiate the anti-dengue potential of some traditional herbs and make them available for further studies to facilitate TCM users. Twelve TCM plants aqueous extracts were evaluated, which are described as cool herbs used for the diseases with high fever. Lead plants were established through detailed in vitro foci forming unit reduction analysis(FFURA) against all four serotypes and validated through quantitative real-time RT-PCR(q RT-PCR). Four plants potentially inhibited the virus in primary phenotypic in vitro evaluation. Two lead plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma(DC) and Morus alba(MA) were identified with half minimal inhibitory concentration(IC50) 130 and 221 μg m L^-1, respectively, while the selectivity indices(SI) were 4.21 and 4.62, respectively. Lead plants equally inhibited all four serotypes of DENV. Time-of-addition analysis suggested that, DC was active at later stages of viral replication, whereas MA was active during the early stages and even showed some prophylactic activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC/MS) analysis revealed presence of flavonoids. DC and MA are identified as potential anti-dengue plants, active against varied stages of dengue virus replication cycle. These results may serve as the base knowledge for further investigation on their combined treatments or integrative treatment with western medicines, which may improve the overall anti-dengue activity in future.

关键词： dengue virus traditional Chinese medicines TCM complementary medicines plant extracts anti-dengue

Low-thermal-budget electrically active thick polysilicon for CMOS-First MEMS-last integration

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 395-407页

作者： Aron Michael Ian Yao-Hsiang Chuang chee yee Kwok Kazuo Omaki UNSW SydneyNSW 2052Australia

Low-thermal-budget,electrically active,and thick polysilicon films are necessary for building a microelectromechanical system(MEMS)on top of a complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS).However,the formation of these polysilicon films is a challenge in this ***,for the first time,the development of in situ phosphorus-doped silicon films deposited under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions(~10^(−9)Torr)using electron-beam evaporation(UHVEE)is *** process results in electrically active,fully crystallized,low-stress,smooth,and thick polysilicon films with low thermal *** crystallographic,mechanical,and electrical properties of phosphorus-doped UHVEE polysilicon films are *** films are compared with intrinsic and boron-doped UHVEE silicon *** spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and atomic force microscopy(AFM)are used for crystallographic and surface morphological *** curvature,cantilever deflection profile and resonance frequency measurements are employed to study the mechanical properties of the ***,resistivity measurements are conducted to investigate the electrical properties of the *** vertical,high-aspectratio micromachining of UHVEE polysilicon has been developed.A comb-drive structure is designed,simulated,fabricated,and characterized as an actuator and inertial sensor comprising 20-μm-thick in situ phosphorus-doped UHVEE films at a temperature less than 500℃.The results demonstrate for the first time that UHVEE polysilicon uniquely allows the realization of mechanically and electrically functional MEMS devices with low thermal budgets.

关键词： budget thick thermal

Cellular factors involved in the hepatitis C virus life cycle

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第28期27卷 4555-4581页

作者： hui-Chun Li chee-Hing Yang Shih-Yen Lo Department of Biochemistry Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 970Taiwan Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 970Taiwan Department of Laboratory Medicine Buddhist Tzu Chi General HospitalHualien 970Taiwan

The hepatitis C virus(HCV),an obligatory intracellular pathogen,highly depends on its host cells to propagate *** HCV life cycle can be simply divided into several stages including viral entry,protein translation,RNA replication,viral assembly and *** of cellular factors involved in the HCV life cycle have been identified over more than thirty years of *** of these cellular factors has provided extensive insight into HCV replication *** of these cellular factors are targets for anti-HCV *** this review,we summarize the well-characterized and recently identified cellular factors functioning at each stage of the HCV life cycle.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Cellular factor Viral entry Translation Replication Assembly Release

Long noncoding RNAs in hepatitis B virus replication and oncogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第25期28卷 2823-2842页

作者： hui-Chun Li chee-Hing Yang Shih-Yen Lo Department of Biochemistry Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 97004Taiwan Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 97004Taiwan Department of Laboratory Medicine Buddhist Tzu Chi General HospitalHualien 97004Taiwan

Several diverse long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been identified to be involved in hepatitis B virus(HBV)replication and oncogenesis,especially those dysregulated in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Most of these dysregulated lncRNAs are modulated by the HBV X *** regulatory mechanisms of some lncRNAs in HBV replication and oncogenesis have been *** polymorphisms of several lncRNAs affecting HBV replication or oncogenesis have also been *** prognosis of HCC remains *** is important to identify novel tumor markers for early diagnosis and find more therapeutic targets for effective treatments of *** dysregulated lncRNAs in HBV-related HCC may become biomarkers for early diagnosis and/or the therapeutic targets of *** mini-review summarizes these findings briefly,focusing on recent developments.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Long noncoding RNAs Hepatitis B virus X protein Biomarker

Intracellular interferon signalling pathways as potential regulators of covalently closed circular DNA in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第14期27卷 1369-1391页

作者： Zhi Yi Goh Ee chee Ren hui Ling Ko Singapore Immunology Network Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore 138648Singapore Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme NUS Graduate SchoolNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119260Singapore

250 million people worldwide continue to be chronically infected with the *** patients may be treated with nucleoside/nucleotide analogues,this only suppresses HBV titre to sub-detection levels without eliminating the persistent HBV covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA)*** a result,HBV infection cannot be cured,and the virus reactivates when conditions are ***(IFNs)are cytokines known to induce powerful antiviral mechanisms that clear viruses from infected *** have been shown to induce cccDNA clearance,but their use in the treatment of HBV infection is limited as HBVtargeting immune cells are exhausted and HBV has evolved multiple mechanisms to evade and suppress IFN ***,to fully utilize IFN-mediated intracellular mechanisms to effectively eliminate HBV,instead of direct IFN administration,novel strategies to sustain IFN-mediated anti-cccDNA and antiviral mechanisms need to be *** review will consolidate what is known about how IFNs act to achieve its intracellular antiviral effects and highlight the critical interferon-stimulated gene targets and effector mechanisms with potent anti-cccDNA *** include cccDNA degradation by APOBECs and cccDNA silencing and transcription repression by epigenetic *** addition,the mechanisms that HBV employs to disrupt IFN signalling will be *** that have been developed or are in the pipeline for components of the IFN signalling pathway and HBV targets that detract IFN signalling mechanisms will also be identified and discussed for utility in the treatment of HBV ***,these will provide useful insights into design strategies that specifically target cccDNA for the eradication of HBV.

关键词： Covalently closed circular DNA Interferons APOBECs Epigenetic modification Hepatitis B virus therapeutics

The Efficacy of Plant-Based Ionizers in Removing Aerosol for COVID-19 Mitigation

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Research 2021年第1期2021卷 70-80页

作者： Ady Suwardi Chin Chun Ooi Dan Daniel chee Kiang Ivan Tan Hongying Li Ou Yang Zhong Liang Yuanting Karen Tang Jing yee chee Anton Sadovoy Shu-Ye Jiang Srinivasan Ramachandran Enyi Ye Chang Wei Kang Wun Chet Davy Cheong Keng hui Lim Xian Jun Loh Institute of Materials Research and Engineering 2 Fusionopolis WayAgency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore 138634 Institute of High Performance Computing 1 Fusionopolis WayAgency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore 138632 Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory 1 Research LinkNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117604

Small-sized droplets/aerosol transmission is one of the factors responsible for the spread of COVID-19,in addition to large droplets and surface contamination(fomites).While large droplets and surface contamination can be relatively easier to deal with(i.e.,using mask and proper hygiene measures),aerosol presents a different challenge due to their ability to remain airborne for a long *** calls for mitigation solutions that can rapidly eliminate the airborne ***-COVID-19,air ionizers have been touted as effective tools to eliminate small *** this work,we sought to evaluate the efficacy of a novel plant-based ionizer in eliminating *** was found that factors such as the ion concentration,humidity,and ventilation can drastically affect the efficacy of aerosol *** aerosol removal rate was quantified in terms of ACH(air changes per hour)and CADR-(clean air delivery rate-)equivalent unit,with ACH as high as 12 and CADR as high as 141 ft^(3)/minute being achieved by a plant-based ionizer in a small isolated *** work provides an important and timely guidance on the effective deployment of ionizers in minimizing the risk of COVID-19 spread via airborne aerosol,especially in a poorly-ventilated environment.

关键词： aerosol eliminate sized

Hybrid SDS and WPT-IBBO-DNM Based Model for Ultra-short Term Photovoltaic Prediction

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第1期9卷 66-76页

作者： hui Hwang Goh Qinwen Luo Dongdong Zhang hui Liu Wei Dai chee Shen Lim Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan Kai Chen Goh School of Electrical Engineering Guangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi 530004China University of Southampton Malaysia Iskandar Puteri 79200Malaysia College of the Environment and Ecology Xiamen UniversityFujian 361102China Department of Technology Management Faculty of Construction Management and BusinessUniversity Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia86400 Parit RajaJohorMalaysia

Accurate photovoltaic(PV)power prediction has been a subject of ongoing study in order to address grid stability concerns caused by PV output unpredictability and *** paper proposes an ultra-short-term hybrid photovoltaic power forecasting method based on a dendritic neural model(DNM)in this *** model is trained using improved biogeography-based optimization(IBBO),a technique that incorporates a domestication operation to increase the performance of classical biogeography-based optimization(BBO).To be more precise,a similar day selection(SDS)technique is presented for selecting the training set,and wavelet packet transform(WPT)is used to divide the input data into many *** is then used to train DNM weights and thresholds for each component ***,each component’s prediction results are stacked and *** suggested hybrid model is used to forecast PV power under various weather conditions using data from the Desert Knowledge Australia Solar Centre(DKASC)in Alice *** results indicate the proposed hybrid SDS and WPT-IBBO-DNM model has the lowest error of any of the benchmark models and hence has the potential to considerably enhance the accuracy of solar power forecasting(PVPF).

关键词： Dendritic neural model improved biogeography-based optimization photovoltaic power forecasting similar day selection wavelet packet transform

Geospatial Analytics for COVID-19 Active Case Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 835-848页

作者： Choo-yee Ting Helmi Zakariah Fadzilah Kamaludin Darryl Lin-Wei Cheng Nicholas Yu-Zhe Tan hui-Jia yee Multimedia University Cyberjaya63100Malaysia AIME Healthcare Sdn Bhd Kuala Lumpur59200Malaysia

Ever since the COVID-19 pandemic started in Wuhan,China,much research work has been focusing on the clinical aspect of *** have been leveraging on various Artificial Intelligence techniques as an alternative to medical approach in understanding the *** studies have,however,reported on COVID-19 transmission pattern analysis,and using geography features for prediction of potential outbreak *** the next most probable outbreak site is crucial,particularly for optimizing the planning of medical personnel and supply *** tackle the challenge,this work proposed distance-based similarity measures to predict the next most probable outbreak site together with its magnitude,when would the outbreak likely to happen and the duration of the *** work began with preprocessing of 1365 patient records from six districts in the most populated state named Selangor in *** dataset was then aggregated with population density information and human elicited geography features that might promote the transmission of *** findings indicated that the proposed unified decision-making approach outperformed individual distance metric in predicting the total cases,next outbreak location,and the time interval between start dates of two similar *** findings provided valuable insights for policymakers to perform Active Case Detection.

关键词： COVID-19 geospatial analytics active case detection