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Propionate promotes gluconeogenesis by regulating mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway in calf hepatocytes

Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 88-98页

作者： Guo Yan Wang Sen Lin Qin Yi Ning Zheng hui jun geng Lei Chen jun Hu Yao Lu Deng College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Enhancing hepatic gluconeogenesis is one of the main modes of meeting the glucose requirement of dairy *** study attempted to determine whether the gluconeogenesis precursor propionate had an effect on the expression of the main genes involved in gluconeogenesis in calf hepatocytes and elucidate the associated *** hepatocytes were obtained from 5 healthy calves(1 d old;30to 40 kg)and exposed to 0-,1-,2.5-,or 5-mM sodium propionate(NaP),which is known to promote the expression of genes involved in the gluconeogenesis pathway,including fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase,phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase,and *** regard to the underlying mechanism,propionate promoted the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha,hepatocyte nuclear factor 4,and forkhead box O1(transcription factors that regulate the expression of hepatic gluconeogenic genes)by promoting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1),but inhibiting mTORC2 activity(P<0.01).We also established a model of palmitic acid(PA)-induced hepatic injury in calf hepatocytes and found that PA could inhibit the gluconeogenic capacity of calf hepatocytes by suppressing the expression of gluconeogenic genes,inhibiting m TORC1,and promoting the activity of m TORC2(P<0.01).In contrast,NaP provided protection to calf hepatocytes by counteracting the inhibitory effect of PA on the gluconeogenic capacity of calf hepatocytes(P<0.05).Collectively,these findings indicate that NaP enhances the gluconeogenic capacity of calf hepatocytes by regulating the mTOR pathway ***,in addition to improving the glucose production potential,propionate may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of hepatic injury in dairy cows.

关键词： Propionate Gluconeogenesis Mechanistic target of rapamycin Palmitic acid

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Identification of a dual functional betulinic acid analog for the treatment of osteoarthritis by phenotypic screening

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 300-302页

作者： Ze-Min Lin Mai Xiang Wen-hui Wei Shu-hui Fan Li Chen Jie Wang Xiao-Qian Yang Chun-Hao Yang Shi-jun He Jian-Ping Zuo Laboratory of Immunopharmacology State Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences School of Pharmacy University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Department of Medicinal ChemistryShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Experiment Center for Science and Technology Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Dear Editor, Phenotypic drug discovery, which observes compound effects on physiology,has given way to targeting specific molecules, but has revived by using modern methods to find drugs based on therapeutic outcomes in disease models(Vincent et al., 2022). Osteoarthritis(OA) is a prevalent chronic joint disorder, primarily affecting knee joints, with osteoclast activation due to low-grade inflammation resulting in increased bone resorption and structural changes in the joint(Katz et al.,2021).

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Moment Redistribution Effect of the Continuous Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer-Concrete Composite Slabs Based on Static Loading Experiment

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第1期19卷 105-123页

作者： Zhao-jun Zhang Wen-Wei Wang Jing-Shui Zhen Bo-Cheng Li De-Cheng Cai Yang-Yang Du hui Huang Offshore Oil Engineering Co.Ltd. Tianjin300461China Department of Bridge Engineering School of TransportationSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China

This study aimed to investigate the moment redistribution in continuous glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP)-concrete composite slabs caused by concrete cracking and steel bar yielding in the negative bending moment *** experimental bending moment redistribution test was conducted on continuous GFRP-concrete composite slabs,and a calculation method based on the conjugate beam method was *** composite slabs were formed by combining GFRP profiles with a concrete layer and supported on steel beams to create two-span continuous composite slab *** methods,epoxy resin bonding,and stud connection,were used to connect the composite slabs with the steel *** experimental findings showed that the specimen connected with epoxy resin exhibited two moments redistribution phenomena during the loading process:concrete cracking and steel bar yielding at the internal *** contrast,the composite slab connected with steel beams by studs exhibited only one-moment redistribution phenomenon throughout the loading *** the concrete at the internal support cracked,the bending moment decreased in the internal support section and increased in the midspan *** the steel bars yielded,the bending moment further decreased in the internal support section and increased in the mid-span *** GFRP profiles do not experience cracking,there was no significant decrease in the bending moment of the mid-span *** test specimens experienced compressive failure of concrete at the mid-span *** results showed good agreement between the calculated and experimental values of bending moments in the mid-span section and internal support *** proposed model can effectively predict the moment redistribution behavior of continuous GFRP-concrete composite slabs.

关键词： Moment redistribution GFRP-concrete composite slabs bending moment experimental study analysis model

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不同来流条件下急弯段环流结构演化过程研究

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工程力学 2025年第1期42卷 259-272页

作者：胡呈维余明辉渠庚长江科学院河流研究所武汉430010 长江科学院水利部长江中下游河湖治理与防洪重点实验室武汉430010 武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室武汉430072

弯道环流是弯道水流运动的典型特征之一，一直以来都是众多学者关注的重点。弯道环流主要分为两类：第一类由水流经过弯道时受到的径向压差力差而引起，流速较大;第二类主要由紊流各向异性引起，尽管流速很小，但其与弯道岸坡冲刷过程... 详细信息

弯道环流是弯道水流运动的典型特征之一，一直以来都是众多学者关注的重点。弯道环流主要分为两类：第一类由水流经过弯道时受到的径向压差力差而引起，流速较大;第二类主要由紊流各向异性引起，尽管流速很小，但其与弯道岸坡冲刷过程密切相关。然而当前成果较少关注第二类弯道环流发展演化过程。因此，该文采用弯道水槽试验与数值模拟方法得到的高精度三维流速数据，研究弯道环流结构的变化规律及其动力特性，特别是第二类弯道环流的发展变化。研究结果表明：对于高雷诺数的急弯水流，由于紊动各向异性特征明显，弯道水流常会出现多个环流;对于纵向流速，当水流流经弯顶断面后，纵向流速沿垂向的分布已经明显偏离对数流速分布;当水流经过弯顶断面后，纵向流速沿着垂线存在着显著的均匀化趋势;当弗劳德数较大时，大尺寸涡体在不断分解中，使得原来的各向异性影响越来越小，凹岸附近的小尺寸环流趋近于各向同性状态，造成凹岸小环流逐渐微弱并最后消失;急弯段中环流与纵向水流互馈作用十分显著，弯道环流将对断面内的动量进行重分配，携带某些高速流体到断面内的其他区域，因此，在出现弯道环流的区域其纵向流速也一般比较小。

关键词：弯曲型河流急弯河段弯道环流水槽试验数值模拟

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Remarkable Wear Resistance in a Complex Concentrated Alloy with Nanohierarchical Architecture and Composition Undulation

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 403-416页

作者： Yushan geng Wenyuan Chen hui Tan jun Cheng Shengyu Zhu jun Yang Weimin Liu State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000PR China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049PR China Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing Yantai 264000PR China

Sustained wear damages on the sliding surfaces of alloys are generally the culprit responsible for the failure of various mechanical *** by high-entropy effects,here we deliberately deploy nanohierarchical architecture with composition undulation in a Ni50(AlNbTiV)_(50) complex concentrated alloy,which yields ultralow wear rate within the order of 10^(−7) to 10^(−6) mm^(3)/Nm between room temperature and 800℃.Such remarkable wear resistance heretofore represents one of the highest wear resistance reported for the bulk alloys or composites,and originates from the multi-type adaptive friction interface protection governed by intrinsically nano-coupled grains and *** cooperative heterostructure releases gradient frictional stress in stages upon wear at room temperature through the coexistence of multiple deformation pathways while activating a dense nanocrystalline glaze layer upon wear at 800℃ to minimize adhesive and oxidative *** work uncovers a practical avenue for tailoring wear properties with multicomponent heterostructures over a wide temperature range.

关键词： wear alloys friction

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Homogenization of Elliptic Problems with Neumann Boundary Conditions in Non-smooth Domains

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2018年第4期34卷 612-628页

作者： jun geng School of Mathematics and Statistics Lanzhou University

We consider a family of second-order elliptic operators {LE } in divergence form with rapidly oscillating and periodic coefficients in Lipschitz and convex domains in Rn. We are able to show that the uniform WI＇p estimate of second order elliptic systems holds for 2n/n＋1-δ〈p〈2n/n-1＋δ where δ 〉 0 is independent of ~ and the ranges are sharp for n = 2, 3. And for elliptic equations in Lipschitz domains,the W1,p estimate is true for 3/2 -δ 〈 p〈 3 ＋ δ ifn ≥ 4, similar estimate was extended to domains, the WI＇p estimate is true for nconvex domains for 1 〈 p 〈 ∞.

关键词： Homogenization elliptic non-smooth

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Measurement on soil deformation caused by expanded-base pile in transparent soil using particle image velocimetry (PIV)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第8期14卷 1655-1665页

作者： QI Chang-guang ZHENG Jin-hui ZUO Dian-jun CHEN geng Faculty of Architectural Civil Engineering and EnvironmentNingbo University Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering M.O.T. Geotechnical Research Institute Hohai University

A new small-scale geotechnical physical model in 1-g and unconfined condition, combining the transparent soil, close-range photogrammetry and particle image velocimetry(PIV), was employed, which provides a non-intrusively internal deformation measurement approach to monitor the internal deformation of soil caused by expanded-base pile jacking with casing. The transparent soil was made of fused quartz and its refractive index matched blended oil, adding reflective particles(glass beads). Closerange photogrammetry was employed to record the images of the process of casing jacking and extraction in transparent soil, allowing the use of Matlab-based Geo-PIV to figure out the displacement field converted from image space to object space. Analysis of test results indicates that the maximum displacement caused by casing jacking for expandedconical-base pile is decreased by 29% compared with that for expanded-flat-base pile. The main movement happens at the early stage of casing extraction. The maximum displacement caused by casing extraction for the conical base is about 43% of that for the flatbase, while the affected zone caused by casing extraction for the conical base accounts for about 1/3 of that for the flat base. The contraction for horizontal displacements tends to decrease with the depth increasing. By contrast, the contraction under pile base decreases with the increasing of displacement. The displacements generated by jacking a conventional pile having a diameter equal to the casing diameter of the expanded-base pile were comparable to the net displacement taking place due to expanded-base pile installation for the conical base pile.

关键词： Geotechnical physical model Expanded-base pile Transparent soil Particle image velocimetry(PIV) Close-range photogrammetry

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A(CrFeNi)_(83)(AlTi)_(17) high-entropy alloy matrix solid-lubricating composite with exceptional tribological properties over a wide temperature range

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第22期153卷 75-91页

作者： Yushan geng jun Cheng hui Tan Qichun Sun Juanjuan Chen Shengyu Zhu Anh Kiet Tieu jun Yang Weimin Liu State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsLanzhou 730000China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing Yantai 264000China School of Mechanical MaterialsMechatronic and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW 2500Australia

High-entropy alloy matrix solid-lubricating composites(HSLCs)are promising anti-wear and friction-reduced materials to meet the demands of complicated engineering *** we present a strat-egy to develop HSLCs by using the coupled high-entropy phases of(BCC+FCC+L2_(1))with near-equal volume fraction as the matrix material,instead of using the usual single phase-dominated high-entropy phases,which can preserve the intrinsic strength and deformability of the matrix while activating adap-tive wear protection during *** enables a low coefficient of frictions of 0.23-0.31 and wear rates within the order of 10^(-6)-10^(-5) mm^(3) N m^(-1) for the(CrFeNi)_(83)(AlTi)_(17)-Ag-BaF_(2)/CaF_(2) HSLC between room-temperature and 800℃,considerably outperforming the reported HSLCs and conventional alloy matrix solid-lubricating *** low and moderate temperatures,the synergistic Ag-BaF_(2)/CaF_(2) lubricat-ing films eliminate the surface stress concentration upon wear,thus suppressing three-body abrasion and surface roughening during the groove multiplication *** elevated temperatures,the high-entropy composite tribo-layers provide the friction interface with strong and deformable stress shielding,which avoids the oxidative and adhesive wear triggered by the delamination of the *** sim-ilar coupled high-entropy matrix phases may open an avenue for further optimization of the tribological properties of the HSLCs.

关键词： Solid-lubricating composites High-entropy alloys Wear mechanism High temperature Tribochemical reaction

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噻吩酰亚胺衍生物二阶非线性光学性质的DFT研究

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第1期42卷 20-28页

作者：蔺彬彬闫慧君哈尔滨学院食品工程学院化学系哈尔滨150086

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)CAM-B3LYP方法,计算研究了12个设计的噻吩酰亚胺衍生物的电子光谱和二阶非线性光学性质.结果表明,此类化合物有较大的第一超极化率β_(tot)值和β_(vec)值,且β_(tot)值和β_(vec)值随引入氰基数目的增加而显著增... 详细信息

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)CAM-B3LYP方法,计算研究了12个设计的噻吩酰亚胺衍生物的电子光谱和二阶非线性光学性质.结果表明,此类化合物有较大的第一超极化率β_(tot)值和β_(vec)值,且β_(tot)值和β_(vec)值随引入氰基数目的增加而显著增大.给/吸电子基团引起的电荷转移变化对体系β_(tot)值和β_(vec)值的影响大于分子六元杂环中N杂原子位置变化对其影响.

关键词：噻吩酰亚胺衍生物密度泛函理论二阶非线性光学性质电子光谱

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A developed transient gas-liquid-solid flow model with hydrate phase transition for solid fluidization exploitation of marine natural gas hydrate reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2023年第3期20卷 1676-1689页

作者： geng Zhang jun Li Gong-hui Liu Hong-Wei Yang Chao Wang Hong-Lin Huang China University of Petroleum-Beijing Bejing102249China China University of Petroleum-Bejing at Karamay Karamay834000XinjiangChina

The multiphase flow characteristic is one of the most concerning problems during solid fluidization exploitation of marine natural gas hydrate *** this research,a new transient gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow model with hydrate phase transition was ***,this model considered the coupling relationship among convective heat transfer,hydrate dynamic decomposition,and multi-phase *** model can simulate the change of flow pattern from solid-liquid to gas-liquid-solid flow,and describe the distribution character of volume fraction of phase,wellbore temperature and pressure,and hydrate decomposition rate during *** simulation results indicate that the hydrate decomposition region in the wellbore gradually expands,but the hydrate decomposition rate gradually decreases during the solid fluidization exploitation of *** mining time lasts for 4 h,and the bottom hole pressure decreases by about 0.4 *** NaCl concentration in seawater helps expand hydrate decomposition regions and improves the wellbore hydrate decomposition *** the Nacl mass fraction in seawater reaches 15%,it will raise the hydrate decomposition regions to the whole *** addition,the higher the wellhead backpressure,the lower the decomposition area and decomposition rate of hydrate in the *** wellhead backpressure reaches 2 MPa,the volume fraction of gas near the wellhead will reduce to about 12%.This work is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the development of marine hydrate reservoirs.

关键词： Gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow Solid fluidization Hydrate dynamic decomposition Convective heat transfer

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