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Tumor microenvironment reprogramming by nanomedicine to enhance the effect of tumor immunotherapy

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第2期19卷 1-37页

作者： Yu Huang hui Fan huihui Ti School of Chinese Materia Medica Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Province Precise Medicine Big Date of Traditional Chinese Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

With the rapid development of the fields of tumor biology and immunology, tumor immunotherapy has been used in clinical practice and has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential, particularly for treating tumors that do not respond to standard treatment options. Despite its advances, immunotherapy still has limitations, such as poor clinical response rates and differences in individual patient responses, largely because tumor tissues have strong immunosuppressive microenvironments. Many tumors have a tumor microenvironment (TME) that is characterized by hypoxia, low pH, and substantial numbers of immunosuppressive cells, and these are the main factors limiting the efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. The TME is crucial to the occurrence, growth, and metastasis of tumors. Therefore, numerous studies have been devoted to improving the effects of immunotherapy by remodeling the TME. Effective regulation of the TME and reversal of immunosuppressive conditions are effective strategies for improving tumor immunotherapy. The use of multidrug combinations to improve the TME is an efficient way to enhance antitumor immune efficacy. However, the inability to effectively target drugs decreases therapeutic effects and causes toxic side effects. Nanodrug delivery carriers have the advantageous ability to enhance drug bioavailability and improve drug targeting. Importantly, they can also regulate the TME and deliver large or small therapeutic molecules to decrease the inhibitory effect of the TME on immune cells. Therefore, nanomedicine has great potential for reprogramming immunosuppressive microenvironments and represents a new immunotherapeutic strategy. Therefore, this article reviews strategies for improving the TME and summarizes research on synergistic nanomedicine approaches that enhance the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.

关键词： Tumor immunotherapy Tumor micr oenvir onment Nanomedicine Tumor repr ogramming

Existence of Positive Solutions to a Fractional-Kirchhoff System

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第1期40卷 225-240页

作者： Peng-fei Li Jun-hui Xie Dan Mu School of Mathematics and Statistics Hubei Minzu UniversityEnshi445000China

LetΩbe a bounded smooth domain in RN(N≥3).Assuming that 00 are constants,we consider the existence results for positive solutions of a class of fractional elliptic system below,{(a+b[u]^(2)_(s))(-Δ)^(s)u=vp+h_(1)(x,u,v,▽u,▽v),x∈Ω,(-Δ)^(s)v=u^(q)+h_(2)(x,u,▽,▽u,▽v),x∈Q,u,v>0,x∈Ω,u=v=0,x∈RN\Ω.Under some assumptions of hi(x,u,v,▽u,▽v)(i=1,2),we get a priori bounds of the positive solutions to the problem(1.1)by the blow-up methods and rescaling *** on these estimates and degree theory,we establish the existence of positive solutions to problem(1.1).

关键词： fractional-Kirchhoff system a priori bounds degree theory positive solution

Optimal investment based on relative performance and weighted utility

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第2期39卷 328-342页

作者： WANG Lei DONG Ying-hui HUA Chun-rong Department of Mathematics Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Changshu Institute of Technology Changshu 215500China

This paper studies the optimal portfolio allocation of a fund manager when he bases decisions on both the absolute level of terminal relative performance and the change value of terminal relative performance comparison to a predefined reference point. We find the optimal investment strategy by maximizing a weighted average utility of a concave utility and an Sshaped utility via a concavification technique and the martingale method. Numerical results are carried out to show the impact of the extent to which the manager pays attention to the change of relative performance related to the reference point on the optimal terminal relative performance.

关键词： relative performance weighted utility S-shaped utility concavification

Relationships between Terrain Features and Forecasting Errors of Surface Wind Speeds in a Mesoscale Numerical Weather Prediction Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1161-1170页

作者： Wenbo XUE hui YU Shengming TANG Wei HUANG Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Shanghai Typhoon Institute/CMA Shanghai 200030China Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Tropical Cyclone/CMA Shanghai 200030China

Numerical weather prediction(NWP)models have always presented large forecasting errors of surface wind speeds over regions with complex *** this study,surface wind forecasts from an operational NWP model,the SMS-WARR(Shanghai Meteorological Service-WRF ADAS Rapid Refresh System),are analyzed to quantitatively reveal the relationships between the forecasted surface wind speed errors and terrain features,with the intent of providing clues to better apply the NWP model to complex terrain *** terrain features are described by three parameters:the standard deviation of the model grid-scale orography,terrain height error of the model,and slope *** results show that the forecast bias has a unimodal distribution with a change in the standard deviation of *** minimum ME(the mean value of bias)is 1.2 m s^(-1) when the standard deviation is between 60 and 70 m.A positive correlation exists between bias and terrain height error,with the ME increasing by 10%−30%for every 200 m increase in terrain height *** ME decreases by 65.6%when slope angle increases from(0.5°−1.5°)to larger than 3.5°for uphill winds but increases by 35.4%when the absolute value of slope angle increases from(0.5°−1.5°)to(2.5°−3.5°)for downhill *** sensitivity experiments are carried out with a model output statistical(MOS)calibration model for surface wind speeds and ME(RMSE)has been reduced by 90%(30%)by introducing terrain parameters,demonstrating the value of this study.

关键词： surface wind speed terrain features error analysis MOS calibration model

Computational fluid dynamics modeling of rapid pyrolysis of solid waste magnesium nitrate hydrate under different injection methods

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 224-237页

作者： Wenchang Wu Kefan Yu Liang Zhao hui Dong SEP Key Laboratory of Eco-industry School of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Liaoning Engineering Research Center of Energy Saving and Green Low Carbon Technology for Process Industry Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

This study developed a numerical model to efficiently treat solid waste magnesium nitrate hydrate through multi-step chemical *** model simulates two-phase flow,heat,and mass transfer processes in a pyrolysis furnace to improve the decomposition rate of magnesium *** performance of multi-nozzle and single-nozzle injection methods was evaluated,and the effects of primary and secondary nozzle flow ratios,velocity ratios,and secondary nozzle inclination angles on the decomposition rate were *** indicate that multi-nozzle injection has a higher conversion efficiency and decomposition rate than single-nozzle injection,with a 10.3%higher conversion rate under the design *** decomposition rate is primarily dependent on the average residence time of particles,which can be increased by decreasing flow rate and velocity ratios and increasing the inclination angle of secondary *** optimal parameters are injection flow ratio of 40%,injection velocity ratio of 0.6,and secondary nozzle inclination of 30°,corresponding to a maximum decomposition rate of 99.33%.

关键词： Multi-nozzle Computational fluid dynamics Thermal decomposition reaction Pyrolysis furnace

Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Task Offloading and Service Migrating Policies in Service Caching-Assisted Mobile Edge Computing

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China Communications 2024年第4期21卷 88-103页

作者： Ke Hongchang Wang hui Sun Hongbin Halvin Yang School of Computer Technology and Engineering Changchun Institute of TechnologyChangchun 130012China College of Computer Science and Engineering Changchun University of TechnologyChangchun 130012China Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College LondonLondonUK

Emerging mobile edge computing(MEC)is considered a feasible solution for offloading the computation-intensive request tasks generated from mobile wireless equipment(MWE)with limited computational resources and *** to the homogeneity of request tasks from one MWE during a longterm time period,it is vital to predeploy the particular service cachings required by the request tasks at the MEC *** this paper,we model a service caching-assisted MEC framework that takes into account the constraint on the number of service cachings hosted by each edge server and the migration of request tasks from the current edge server to another edge server with service caching required by ***,we propose a multiagent deep reinforcement learning-based computation offloading and task migrating decision-making scheme(MBOMS)to minimize the long-term average weighted *** proposed MBOMS can learn the near-optimal offloading and migrating decision-making policy by centralized training and decentralized *** and comprehensive simulation results reveal that our proposed MBOMS can converge well after training and outperforms the other five baseline algorithms.

关键词： deep reinforcement learning mobile edge computing service caching service migrating

Height and body mass index trajectories from 1975 to 2015 and prevalence of stunting,underweight and obesity in 2016 among children in Chinese cities:findings from five rounds of a national survey

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 404-412页

作者： Xin‑Nan Zong hui Li Ya‑Qin Zhang Department of Growth and Development Capital Institute of PediatricsBeijing 100020China

Background A more comprehensive assessment of growth and nutrition in children is required in China due to rapid socioeconomic *** aimed to investigate height and body mass index(BMI)trajectories from 1975 to 2015 and the prevalence of stunting and obesity in 2016 among children in Chinese *** A total of 904,263 children from birth to 6.9 years were collected from a series of nationally representative surveys in *** and BMI trajectories and prevalence of stunting,underweight,overweight and obesity were *** The average height level of Chinese urban children under 7 years presented a positive secular trend from 1975 to 2015;however,a slowing tendency occurred in 2005‒*** apparent increase was observed at the 5th,50th and 95th percentiles of BMI in urban children aged 3 years and older,with a more prominent increase at the 95th *** total prevalence of stunting and underweight under 7 years was 1.4%and 2.0%,*** total prevalence of overweight and obesity under 7 years was 12.6%and 4.3%,respectively,with 12.7%and 4.9%for boys,12.6%and 3.6%for girls,12.1%and 4.0%in urban areas and 13.1%and 4.5%in suburban rural *** The average height level of Chinese urban children has reached World Health Organization child growth standards since 2005 and presented a slowing tendency in secular trend in 2005‒*** attention and efforts and public health interventions should be urgently made to combat overweight and obesity among preschool children.

关键词： Body mass index Children Height Obesity Stunting

NiO-Doped Fe_(2)O_(3)/MgO Properties for the Chemical Looping Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 27-33页

作者： Liang Hao Chen Junjie Sun Jie Sun hui Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang 110159China Fushun Ecology Environment Bureau Qingyuan County Branch Fushun 113399China

Ethane chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation(CL-ODH)to ethylene is a new technology for ethylene ***_(2)O_(3)/MgO oxygen carrier was prepared using the co-precipitation *** influence of added NiO and its different loadings on Fe_(2)O_(3)/MgO were ***,a series of oxygen carriers were applied in the CL-ODH of the ethane cycle ***-Emmett-Teller(BET),X-ray diffractometry(XRD),X-ray photoelection spectroscopy(XPS),and H2-temperature programmed reduction(TPR)were used to characterize the physicochemical properties of these oxygen *** was confirmed that an interaction between NiO and Fe_(2)O_(3) occurred based on the XPS and H2-TPR *** on the CL-ODH activity performance tests conducted in a fixed-bed reactor,it was revealed that ethylene selectivity was significantly improved after NiO ***_(2)O_(3)-10%NiO/MgO showed the best activity performance with 93%ethane conversion and 50%ethylene selectivity at a reaction temperature of 650℃,atmospheric pressure,and space velocity of 7500 mL/(g·h).

关键词： chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation oxygen carrier Fe_(2)O_(3)/MgO NiO

An improved algorithm for retrieving thin sea ice thickness in the Arctic Ocean from SMOS and SMAP L-band radiometer data

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 127-138页

作者： Lian He Senwen Huang Fengming hui Xiao Cheng School of Geospatial Engineering and Science Sun Yat-Sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Observation of Polar Environment(Sun Yat-Sen University) Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082China

The aim of this study was to develop an improved thin sea ice thickness(SIT)retrieval algorithm in the Arctic Ocean from the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity and Soil Moisture Active Passive L-band radiometer *** SIT retrieval algorithm was trained using the simulated SIT from the cumulative freezing degree days model during the freeze-up period over five carefully selected regions in the Beaufort,Chukchi,East Siberian,Laptev and Kara seas and utilized the microwave polarization ratio(PR)at incidence angle of 40°.The improvements of the proposed retrieval algorithm include the correction for the sea ice concentration impact,reliable reference SIT data over different representative regions of the Arctic Ocean and the utilization of microwave polarization ratio that is independent of ice *** relationship between the SIT and PR was found to be almost stable across the five selected *** SIT retrievals were then compared to other two existing algorithms(i.e.,UH_SIT from the University of Hamburg and UB_SIT from the University of Bremen)and validated against independent SIT data obtained from moored upward looking sonars(ULS)and airborne electromagnetic(EM)induction *** results suggest that the proposed algorithm could achieve comparable accuracies to UH_SIT and UB_SIT with root mean square error(RMSE)being about 0.20 m when validating using ULS SIT data and outperformed the UH_SIT and UB_SIT with RMSE being about 0.21 m when validatng using EM SIT *** proposed algorithm can be used for thin sea ice thickness(<1.0 m)estimation in the Arctic Ocean and requires less auxiliary data in the SIT retrieval procedure which makes its implementation more practical.

关键词： Arctic sea ice sea ice thickness remote sensing Soil Moisture Active Passive(SMAP) Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity and Soil(SMOS)