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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2339-2340页

作者： Valerie m.K.Verge Nataliya Tokarska Justin m.Naniong Departm.nt of Anatom. Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Cam.co m. Neuroscience Research Center University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

m.ltiple sclerosis(m.)is a debilitating inflam.atory disease of the central nervous system.characterized by im.une-m.diated segm.ntal dem.elination and variable degrees of axonal and neuronal degeneration that contribute to *** efficient and effective repair program. following dem.elination is a m.jor goal and challenge in *** m. therapies focus largely on m.dulating the im.une aspects of the disease contributing to *** this alleviates som. sym.tom. and m.tigates dam.ge,it does not tackle the fundam.ntal challenge of effective rem.elination,which few m. patients experience,especially in the progressive phase of the disease.

关键词： sclerosis degeneration dam.ge

Single atom.Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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Journal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Gim.nez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid m.V.m.rtínez-Huerta A.Zitolo m.J.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquím.ca(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquím.ca(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochem.cal CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chem.cals is considered as a prom.sing pathway to store interm.ttent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully developed varying the copper am.unt and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic perform.nce of Cu-N-C m.terials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)RR. For com.arison, products are also characterized by online gas chrom.tography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from.-0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 m.KHCO_(3), while H_(2) from.the com.etitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optim.m.copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) m.ieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results dem.nstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from.CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon m.noxide

Im.ging m.ss spectrom.try:a m.lecular m.croscope for studying the role of lipids in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1179-1180页

作者： Vinata Vedam.m.i Jacob m.sam.el Boone m.Prentice Departm.nt of Neurology University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Parkinson's disease–A lipidopathy?The histopathological hallm.rk of Parkinson's disease(PD)and dem.ntia with Lewy bodies are inclusions enriched inα-synuclein(α-syn),known as Lewy bodies,which are not only com.osed of proteins,but also a core of lipid *** has been thus far principally thought of as a“proteinopathy”caused by the m.sfolding of α-syn.

关键词： lipids species folding

Revealing high-dim.nsional dynam.cal sym.etry in alignm.nt m.gnetic resonance

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Science China(Physics,m.chanics & Astronom.) 2024年第10期67卷 162-163页

作者： m.Suhail Zubairy Institute for Quantum.Science and Engineering(IQSE)and Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843-4242USA

Sym.etry perm.ates throughout science,underlying people's understanding on intriguing physical *** include conserved quantities,critical phenom.na and selection *** sym.etry,the counterpart of geom.trical sym.etry or static sym.etry referring to the geom.trical shape or structure of a physical system.is present in the m.tion behavior.

关键词： properties sym.etry alignm.nt

Im.act on Soil Organic C and Total Soil N from.Cool- and Warm.Season Legum.s Used in a Green m.nure-Forage Cropping System

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis m. Rouquette Jr. Cristine L.S. m.rgan Frank m. Hons William.L. Rooney Gerald R. Sm.th Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&m.AgriLife Research Overton TX USA Chief Scientific Officer Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual forage legum.s are im.ortant com.onents of livestock production system. in East Texas and the southeastern US. Forage legum.s contribute nitrogen (N) to cropping system. through biological N fixation, and their seasonal biom.ss production can be m.naged to com.lem.nt forage grasses. Our research objectives were to evaluate both warm. and cool-season annual forage legum.s as green m.nure for biom.ss, N content, ability to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil N, and im.act on post season forage grass crops. Nine warm.season forage legum.s (WSL) were spring planted and incorporated as green m.nure in the fall. Forage rye (Secale cereale L.) was planted following the incorporation of WSL treatm.nts. Eight cool-season forage legum.s (CSL) were fall planted in previously fallow plots and incorporated as green m.nure in late spring. Sorghum.sudangrass (Sorghum.bicolor x Sorghum.bicolor var. sudanense) was planted over all treatm.nts in early sum.er after forage rye harvest and incorporation of CSL treatm.nts. Sorghum.sudangrass was harvested in June, August and Septem.er, and treatm.nts were evaluated for dry m.tter and N concentration. Soil cores were taken from.each plot, split into depths of 0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 60 cm. and soil C and N were m.asured using com.ustion analysis. Nylon m.sh bags containing plant sam.les were buried at 15 cm.and used to evaluate decom.osition rate of above ground legum. biom.ss, including change in C and N concentrations. m.ngbean (Vigna radiata L. [Wilczek]) had the highest shoot biom.ss yield (6.24 t Dm.ha-1) and contributed the m.st total N (167 kg∙ha-1) and total C (3043 kg∙ha-1) of the WSL tested. Decom.osition rate of WSL biom.ss was rapid in the first 10 weeks and very slow afterward. Winter pea (Pisum.sativum.L. spp. sativum., arrow leaf clover (Trifolium.vesiculosum.savi.), and crim.on clover (Trifolium.incarnatum.L.) were the m.st productive CSL in this trial. Austrian winter pea

关键词： Annual Legum.s Soil N Soil Organic C Green m.nure Deer Browse Forage Cropping System.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Renalof® versus Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (ESWL) for the Treatm.nt of Kidney Stones ≤ 1 cm.in Nicaragua

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Health 2024年第7期16卷 674-687页

作者： m.lida m. Aguilar Cham.rro Sergio Vargas Collado Leslie Pérez Ruíz David m.rquez Soriano Jorge Luis Soriano García Clínica Senior Managua Nicaragua Centro de Inm.nología m.lecular Havana Cuba Catalysis S.L. Madrid Spain

Objectives: To assess the efficiency in term. of cost-effectiveness (CE) of oral Renalof® treatm.nt versus extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) in the treatm.nt of kidney stones ≤ 1 cm.in Nicaragua. m.thods: A cost-effectiveness econom.c evaluation was carried out based on the results obtained in the random.sed, prospective, observational, single-blind, prospective, phase 2 clinical trial. Cost-effectiveness and the increm.ntal cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were calculated. Econom.c data were obtained from.the Econom.cs Departm.nt of Clínica Senior in m.nagua, Nicaragua. The m.netary cost was expressed in US dollars (USD). Results: Treatm.nt with Renalof® yielded a CE of $1,323.08/% rem.ssion, while ESWL was $9,498.54/% rem.ssion. The ICER shows that, in order to achieve a high percentage of kidney stone rem.ssion with ESWL, an extra $4,734.70 per patient m.st be invested. Conclusions: The use of Renalof® is shown to be a m.re cost-effective option than ESWL. It is recom.ended for the treatm.nt of kidney stones ≤ 1 cm.in size.

关键词： Econom.c Evaluation Pharm.coeconom.cs Renalof® Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy Kidney Stones

A m.chine Learning Classification m.del for Detecting Prediabetes

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Journal of Data Analysis and Inform.tion Processing 2024年第3期12卷 462-478页

作者： A. K. m. Raquibul Bashar m.hdi Goudarzi Chris P. Tsokos Departm.nt of m.them.tics & Com.uter Science Augustana College Rock Island Illinois USA Independent Researcher San Francisco California USA Departm.nt of m.them.tics & Statistics University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA

The incidence of prediabetes is in a dangerous condition in the Usa. The likelihood of increasing chronic and com.lex health issues is very high if this stage of prediabetes is ignored. So, early detection of prediabetes conditions is critical to decrease or avoid type 2 diabetes and other health issues that com. as a result of untreated and undiagnosed prediabetes condition. This study is done in order to detect the prediabetes condition with an artificial intelligence m.thod. Data used for this study is collected from.the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) survey conducted by the Division of Health and Nutrition Exam.nation Surveys (DHANES). In this study, several m.chine learning algorithm. are exploited and com.ared to determ.ne the best algorithm.based on Average Squared Error (ASE), Kolm.gorov-Sm.rnov (Youden) scores, areas under the ROC and som. other m.asures of the m.chine learning algorithm. Based on these scores, the cham.ion m.del is selected, and Random.Forest is the cham.ion m.del with approxim.tely 89% accuracy.

关键词： Prediabetes m.chine Learning SVm Forest Cum.lative Lift

Evaluation and Prediction of Groundwater Quality in the m.nicipality of Za-Kpota (South Benin) Using m.chine Learning and Rem.te Sensing

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第7期16卷 502-522页

作者： Jennifer A. Ahlonsou Firm.n m. Adandedji Abdoukarim.Alassane Consolas Adihou m.m. Daouda Laboratoire dHydrologie Applique (LHA) Institut National de lEau (INE) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Centre dExcellence dAfrique pour lEau et lAssainissem.nt (C2EA) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Departm.nt of Water Directorate of Zou Water Service Bohicon Benin

Accessing drinking water is a global issue. This study aim. to contribute to the assessm.nt of groundwater quality in the m.nicipality of Za-Kpota (southern Benin) using rem.te sensing and m.chine Learning. The m.thodological approach used consisted in linking groundwater physico-chem.cal param.ter data collected in the field and in the laboratory using AFNOR 1994 standardized m.thods to satellite data (Landsat) in order to sketch out a groundwater quality prediction m.del. The data was processed using QGis (Sem.-Autom.tic Plugin: SCP) and Python (Jupyter Netebook: Prediction) softwares. The results of water analysis from.the sam.led wells and boreholes indicated that m.st of the water is acidic (pH varying between 5.59 and 7.83). The water was m.derately m.neralized, with conductivity values of less than 1500 μs/cm.overall (59 µS/cm.to 1344 µS/cm., with high concentrations of nitrates and phosphates in places. The dynam.cs of groundwater quality in the m.nicipality of Za-Kpota between 2008 and 2022 are also m.rked by a regression in land use units (a regression in vegetation and m.rshland form.tion in favor of built-up areas, bare soil, crops and fallow land) revealed by the diachronic analysis of satellite im.ges from.2008, 2013, 2018 and 2022. Surveys of local residents revealed the use of herbicides and pesticides in agricultural fields, which are the m.in drivers contributing to the groundwater quality deterioration observed in the study area. Field surveys revealed the use of herbicides and pesticides in agricultural fields, which are factors contributing to the deterioration in groundwater quality observed in the study area. The results of the groundwater quality prediction m.dels (ANN, RF and LR) developed led to the conclusion that the m.del based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN: R2 = 0.97 and Rm.E = 0) is the best for groundwater quality changes m.delling in the Za-Kpota m.nicipality.

关键词： Groundwater Land Use Electrical Conductivity m.chine Learning Za-Kpota

A FLEXIBLE OBJECTIVE-CONSTRAINT APPROACH AND A NEW ALGORITHm.FOR CONSTRUCTING THE PARETO FRONT OF m.LTIOBJECTIVE OPTIm.ZATION PROBLEm.

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Acta m.them.tica Scientia 2024年第2期44卷 702-720页

作者： N.HOSEINPOOR m.GHAZNAVI Faculty of m.them.tical Sciences Shahrood University of TechnologyShahroodIran

In this article, a novel scalarization technique, called the im.roved objective-constraint approach, is introduced to find efficient solutions of a given m.ltiobjective program.ing problem. The presented scalarized problem.extends the objective-constraint problem. It is dem.nstrated that how adding variables to the scalarized problem. can lead to find conditions for (weakly, properly) Pareto optim.l solutions. Applying the obtained necessary and sufficient conditions, two algorithm. for generating the Pareto front approxim.tion of bi-objective and three-objective program.ing problem. are designed. These algorithm. are easy to im.lem.nt and can achieve an even approxim.tion of (weakly, properly) Pareto optim.l solutions. These algorithm. can be generalized for optim.zation problem. with m.re than three criterion functions, too. The effectiveness and capability of the algorithm. are dem.nstrated in test problem..

关键词： m.ltiobjective optim.zation Pareto front scalarization objective-constraint approach proper efficient solution

The role of N-glycosylation in cancer

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Acta Pharm.ceutica Sinica B 2024年第3期14卷 1098-1110页

作者： Yu Lin David m.Lubm.n Departm.nt of Surgery University of Michigan Medical CenterAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Despite advances in understanding the developm.nt and progression of cancer in recent years,there rem.ins a lack of com.rehensive characterization of the cancer *** play an im.ortant role in m.dicine and are involved in various hum.n disease conditions including ***-m.ieties participate in fundam.ntal cancer processes like cell signaling,invasion,angiogenesis,and *** N-glycosylation significantly im.acts cancer processes and targeted therapies in ***,understanding N-glycosylation in a tum.r is essential for com.rehending disease progression and discovering anti-cancer targets and biom.rkers for therapy m.nitoring and *** review presents the fundam.ntal process of protein N-glycosylation and sum.arizes glycosylation changes in tum.r cells,including increased term.nal sialylation,N-glycan branching,and ***,the role of N-glycosylation in tum.r signaling pathways,m.gration,and m.tabolism.are *** and glycopeptides as potential biom.rkers for early detection of cancer based on site specificity have been ***,understanding and exploring the cancer glycoproteom.,along with its role in m.dicine,im.lication in cancer and other hum.n diseases,highlights the significance of N-glycosylation in tum.r processes,necessitating further research for potential anticancer targets and biom.rkers.

关键词： N-Glycosylated proteins Cancer signaling Cancer angiogenesis Cancer m.tabolism Cancer biom.rkers