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Red cell distribution width to platelet ratio: New and promising prognostic marker in acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第39期20卷 14450-14454页

作者： Erdin etinkaya Kazim Senol Baris Saylam Mesut tez Department of General Surgery Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital 06500 Ankara Turkey

AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of red cell distribution width (RDW) to platelet ratio (RPR) to predict in-hospital mortality in acute pancreatitis (AP).

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Red cell distribution width Red cell distribution width to platelet ratio

Relevance of proteolysis and proteasome activation in fatty liver graft preservation: An Institut Georges Lopez-1 vs University of Wisconsin appraisal

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第23期23卷 4211-4221页

作者： Mohamed Amine Zaouali Arnau Panisello-Roselló Alexandre Lopez Carlos Castro benítez Emma Folch-Puy Agustín García-Gil Teresa Carbonell RenéAdam Joan Roselló-Catafau Experimental Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Unit Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de BarcelonaSpanish National Research Council Research Unit of Biology and molecular anthropology applied to development and Health(UR12ES11) Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Monastir Tunisia and Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir University of Monastir Centre Hépatobiliaire AP-PHHopital Paul Brousse Hospital Clínico de Zaragoza Facultat Biologia Universitat de Barcelona

To compare liver proteolysis and proteasome activation in steatotic liver grafts conserved in University of Wisconsin (UW) and Institut Georges Lopez-1 (IGL-1) *** liver grafts from male obese Zücker rats were conserved in UW and IGL-1 solutions for 24 h at 4 °Cand subjected to “ex vivo” normo-thermic perfusion (2 h; 37 °C). Liver proteolysis in tissue specimens and perfusate was measured by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Total free amino acid release was correlated with the activation of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS: measured as chymotryptic-like activity and 20S and 19S proteasome), the prevention of liver injury (transaminases), mitochondrial injury (confocal microscopy) and inflammation markers (TNF 1 alpha, high mobility group box-1 (HGMB-1) and PPAR gamma), and liver apoptosis (TUNEL assay, cytochrome c and caspase 3).RESULTSProfiles of free AA (alanine, proline, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, lysine, ornithine, and threonine, among others) were similar for tissue and reperfusion effluent. In all cases, the IGL-1 solution showed a significantly higher prevention of proteolysis than UW (P < 0.05) after cold ischemia reperfusion. Livers conserved in IGL-1 presented more effective prevention of ATP-breakdown and more inhibition of UPS activity (measured as chymotryptic-like activity). In addition, the prevention of liver proteolysis and UPS activation correlated with the prevention of liver injury (AST/ALT) and mitochondrial damage (revealed by confocal microscopy findings) as well as with the prevention of inflammatory markers (TNF1alpha and HMGB) after reperfusion. In addition, the liver grafts preserved in IGL-1 showed a significant decrease in liver apoptosis, as shown by TUNEL assay and the reduction of cytochrome c, caspase 3 and P62 *** comparison of these two preservation solutions suggests that IGL-1 helps to prevent ATP breakdown more effectively than UW and subsequently achieves a hig

关键词： Liver proteolysis Proteasome activation Fatty liver preservation Institut Georges Lopez-1 University of Wisconsin High mobility group box 1 Cold ischemia reperfusion injury

Polyethylene glycols: An effective strategy for limiting liver ischemia reperfusion injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第28期22卷 6501-6508页

作者： Gianfranco Pasut Arnau Panisello Emma Folch-Puy Alexandre Lopez Carlos Castro-benítez Maria Calvo Teresa Carbonell Agustín García-Gil RenéAdam Joan Roselló-Catafau Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological University of Padova and Veneto Institute of Oncology IRCCS 35128 Padova Italy Experimental Pathology Department Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona 08036 Barcelona Spain Centre Hepatobiliaire AP-HP Hopital Paul Brousse Inserm U935 Universite Paris-Sud Villejuif 75008 Paris France Unitat de Microscopia Optic Avancada CCiTUB Centre Cientifics i Tecnologics Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona 08036 Barcelona Spain Physiology Department Faculty of Biology Universitat de Barcelona 08036 Barcelona Spain Hospital Clinico de Zaragoza 50009 Zaragoza Spain

Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI) is an inherent feature of liver surgery and liver transplantation in which damage to a hypoxic organ(ischemia) is exacerbated following the return of oxygen delivery(reperfusion). IRI is a major cause of primary nonfunction after transplantation and may lead to graft rejection, regardless of immunological considerations. The immediate response involves the disruption of cellular mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and the accumulation of metabolic intermediates during the ischemic period, and oxidative stress during blood flow restoration. Moreover, a complex cascade of inflammatory mediators is generated during reperfusion, contributing to the extension of the damage and finally to organ failure. A variety of pharmacological interventions(antioxidants, anticytokines, etc.) have been proposed to alleviate graft injury but their usefulness is limited by the local and specific action of the drugs and by their potential undesirable toxic effects. Polyethylene glycols(PEGs), which are non-toxic water-soluble compounds approved by the FDA, have been widely used as a vehicle or a base in food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and also as adjuvants for ameliorating drug pharmacokinetics. Some PEGs are also currently used as additives in organ preservation solutions prior to transplantation in order to limit the damage associated with cold ischemia reperfusion. More recently, the administration of PEGs of different molecular weights by intravenous injection has emerged as a new therapeutic tool to protect liver grafts from IRI. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the use of PEGs as a useful target for limiting liver IRI.

关键词： Ischemia reperfusion injury Polyethylene glycol Liver preconditioning Liver transplantation UW solution IGL-1 solution SCOT solution PEG rinse solution Machine perfusion

Few-mode fibre-optic microwave photonic links

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 684-691页

作者： He Wen Hongjun Zheng Qi Mo Amado Manuel Velázquez-benítez Cen Xia Bin Huang Huiyuan Liu Huang Yu Pierre Sillard Jose Enrique Antonio Lopez Rodrigo Amezcua Correa Guifang Li CREOL The College of Optics and PhotonicsUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA The College of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Physics Science and Information Technology Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Optical Communication Science and TechnologyLiaocheng UniversityShandong 252059China State Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Technologies and Networks FiberHome Telecommunication Technologies Co.LtdWuhan Research Institute of Posts and TelecommunicationsNo.88 Youkeyuan RoadHongshan DistrictWuhan 430074China Prysmian Group Parc des Industries Artois FlandresHaisnes 62092France

The fibre-optic microwave photonic link has become one of the basic building blocks for microwave *** the optical power at the receiver is the best way to improve all link performance metrics including gain,noise figure and dynamic *** though lasers can produce and photodetectors can receive optical powers on the order of a Watt or more,the power-handling capability of optical fibres is orders-of-magnitude *** this paper,we propose and demonstrate the use of few-mode fibres to bridge this power-handling gap,exploiting their unique features of small acousto-optic effective area,large effective areas of optical modes,as well as orthogonality and walk-off among spatial *** specially designed few-mode fibres,we demonstrate order-of-magnitude improvements in link performances for single-channel and multiplexed *** work represents the first step in few-mode microwave *** spatial degrees of freedom can also offer other functionalities such as large,tunable delays based on modal dispersion and wavelength-independent lossless signal combining,which are indispensable in microwave photonics.

关键词： analogue optic-fibre link few-mode fibre fibre nonlinearity microwave photonics space-division multiplexing

The essence of bidirectional programming

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2015年第5期58卷 76-96页

作者： FISCHER Sebastian HU ZhenJiang PACHECO hugo Department of Computing Science Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel Information Systems Architecture Research Division National Institute of Informatics Department of Informatics The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Department of Computer Science Cornell University

Bidirectional transformations(BXs), programs with a forward transformation and a backward transformation that maintain consistency between input and output, are routinely written in ways that do not let programmers specify their behavior completely. Several bidirectional programming languages exist to aid programmers in writing BXs with increased maintainability but decreased expressiveness. Such languages allow programmers to write BXs as one program for both directions, which is easier to maintain than separate programs for each direction. However, the maintainability provided by existing bidirectional languages comes at the cost of expressiveness because the ambiguity of synchronization is solved by default strategies which are hidden from programmers. The programmers’ inability to influence synchronization strategies has led to the proposal of a vast number of approaches that consider tailor-made synchronization strategies for particular *** this paper, we argue that such ambiguity is essential for BX and advocate that the synchronization strategy should not be hidden from programmers but considered from the start. We propose a novel approach to specifying so-called well-behaved bidirectional programs by their backward transformations, capable of expressing all aspects of a BX while retaining maintainability. Soundness of our approach results from a systematic analysis, based on existing mathematical concepts, of the instrumental laws of well-behaved BXs. We show that well-behaved BXs are uniquely determined by their backward transformations and corresponding forward transformations can be obtained for free.

关键词： bidirectional transformation software adaption and coevolution bidirectional programming

Five Years Beyond Sendai——Can We Get Beyond Frameworks?

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第2期11卷 239-249页

作者： ben Wisner Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College LondonLondon WCIE 6BTUK

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(SFDRR) and its implementation is evaluated after its first five years. A dozen questions that the author and a colleague used in their evaluation of the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015(HFA) are repeated. Improvements are noted in relation to possible coherence and alignment with other components of the Post-2015 Agenda, especially as regards climate change and urban disasters as well as the higher visibility of civil society and women, and also regarding the specificity of targets and monitoring of governments’ successes. Nevertheless, the overall conclusion is that both the HFA and the SFDRR fail to deal with root causes of disaster. A new,radically proactive leadership role is suggested for the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction in partnership with civil society in identifying and warning all engaged in Post-2015 Agenda activities of possible creation of new risk by agenda implementation activities,especially for the poor and already-marginalized.

关键词： Civil society Climate change Disaster risk reduction Hyogo framework Sendai framework

Early life on land and the first terrestrial ecosystems

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 1-17页

作者： hugo Beraldi-Campesi Institute of Geology UNAMCiudad UniversitariaMexico DF 04510Mexico

Terrestrial ecosystems have been largely regarded as plant-dominated land surfaces,with the earliest records appearing in the early Phanerozoic(3,400 Ma-old paleosols endorses the idea that life on land perhaps occurred in parallel with aquatic life back in the *** rapid adaptations seen in modern terrestrial microbes,their outstanding tolerance to extreme and fluctuating conditions,their early and rapid diversification,and their old fossil record collectively suggest that they constituted the earliest terrestrial ecosystems,at least since the Neoarchean,further succeeding on land and forming a biomass-rich cover with mature soils where plant-dominated ecosystems later *** how life diversified and adapted to non-aquatic conditions from the actualistic and paleontological perspective is critical to understanding the impact of life on the Earth's systems over thousands of millions of years.

关键词： terrestrial environments shallow

Non-pharmacological pain palliation methods in chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第35期11卷 8263-8269页

作者： Mesut tez EdaŞahingöz Hüseyin Fahri Martlı Department of Surgery University of Health SciencesAnkara City HospitalAnkara 06800Turkey Department of General Surgery Sağlık Bilimleri UniversityAnkara 06100Turkey Department of General Surgery Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Training and Research HospitalAnkara 06100Turkey

Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a condition characterized by persistent and often severe pain resulting from the inflammatory disease of the *** pharmacological treatments play a significant role in palliative pain management,some patients require non-pharmacological *** review article focuses on non-pharmacological approaches used to alleviate pain in *** article examines non-pharmacological palliation options,including surgery,endoscopic approaches,neurostimulation techniques,acupuncture,and other alternative medicine *** effectiveness of each method is evaluated,taking into consideration patient compliance and side ***,this article emphasizes the importance of personalized pain management in CP and underscores the need for a multidisciplinary *** aims to summarize the existing knowledge on the use of non-pharmacological palliation methods to improve the quality of life for patients with CP.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Pain Surgery Endoscopy

Building cognition through material engagement

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第4期11卷 642-652页

作者： hugo Mulder Department of Technology and Innovation University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

With the ascent of robotic architecture in academic discourse, we ought to reconsider how we understand building cognition. This paper revisits the Rietveld Schröder House from 1924 as a precursor of robotic building. With a built-in capacity for change, the building (now a museum and listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site) has a highly adaptable space plan that could be continually reconfigured by its occupants. The agency of change is shared between the house and its occupants, most notably Truus Schröder, who lived in the house for 60 years. This paper takes a material engagement approach to explore the relation between the occupant and the house and speculates how this might be a model for designers of contemporary and future robotic architecture to rethink concepts of autonomy and agency in building cognition.

关键词： Robotic architecture Material engagement Building cognition Agency