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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期 2439-2455页

作者：于晓晓陈林峰张君妍严威 Theo hughes-Riley 成艳华朱美芳 State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Nottingham Trent University

Flexible light-emitting fibers and fabrics serve to bridge human–machine interactions. The desire for practical applications and the commercialization of flexible light-emitting fibers has accelerated structural progress and improvements. This review focuses on the structural design of light-emitting fibers and fabrics, starting with a summary of design principles, emission mechanisms, and structural evolution of coaxial structured light-emitting fibers. Subsequently, we explore recent advances in the helical structure design strategies that boost the mechanical sensitivity of light-emitting fibers. Following that, we analyze continuous preparation processes and the development of large-area intelligent light-emitting fabrics based on interwoven structures. Examples based on stiff and rigid inorganic-based lightemitting diodes integrated into flexible systems are also presented. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future opportunities for light-emitting applications in the field of wearable and smart devices.

关键词：

草地贪夜蛾对新入侵地区蝙蝠超声波胁迫的行为反应和转录组分析

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生态学报 2024年

作者：石林云张亚宁江廷磊杨采青孙成 Alice Catherine hughes 张爱兵首都师范大学生命科学学院东北师范大学吉林省动物资源保护与利用重点实验室香港大学生物科学学院

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda是一种极具破坏性的入侵物种，对粮食作物构成重大威胁。蝙蝠是鳞翅目昆虫的重要天敌之一，控制着鳞翅目昆虫的生存和数量。为探究草地贪夜蛾在到达新的入侵地区后，是否以及如何对入侵地的食虫蝙蝠发... 详细信息

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda是一种极具破坏性的入侵物种，对粮食作物构成重大威胁。蝙蝠是鳞翅目昆虫的重要天敌之一，控制着鳞翅目昆虫的生存和数量。为探究草地贪夜蛾在到达新的入侵地区后，是否以及如何对入侵地的食虫蝙蝠发出的超声波做出响应，本研究首先观察并记录了草地贪夜蛾在暴露于入侵地蝙蝠超声波前后的行为变化，然后以正常环境中的成虫作为对照，对暴露于蝙蝠超声0.5、3、12、24、48小时和72小时的一日龄雄性草地贪夜蛾转录组进行比较分析。转录组的综合分析为研究蝙蝠超声信号对草地贪夜蛾产生的分子变化提供有价值的信息。行为结果表明，在草地贪夜蛾听觉范围内的入侵地蝙蝠超声波可以显著降低蛾类的行为活动，表明这些信号可能在成虫的行为中起着至关重要的作用。转录组分析表明，蝙蝠超声胁迫诱导了草地贪夜蛾体内广泛的基因表达变化，与对照组相比，不同时长的超声刺激下共鉴定出2389个显著上调基因和2491个显著下调基因，将在多个时间点均显著上调或下调的521个基因定义为草地贪夜蛾对蝙蝠超声响应的关键基因。对这些关键基因的GO和KEGG富集分析进一步揭示了蝙蝠超声胁迫对草地贪夜蛾的不同影响过程，结果显示215个上调基因与神经信号传递、声音感知、听觉受体细胞发育、氧化应激和恐惧反应等过程高度相关，306个下调基因主要富集在各种能量代谢途径和生物合成过程中。通过qRT-PCR实验验证了转录组分析结果的可靠性。本研究为草地贪夜蛾应对蝙蝠超声胁迫的生物学和分子机制提供了新的见解，并为今后开发更有效、更环保的方法控制鳞翅目害虫提供更多依据。

关键词：草地贪夜蛾入侵物种超声波胁迫行为活动转录组

Poly(ADP-ribose),adherens junctions,vinculin and the actin cytoskeleton:Current evidence,future perspectives and implications

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BIOCELL 2022年第12期46卷 2531-2535页

作者： LAURA LAFON-hughes Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable Ministerio de Educación y CulturaMontevideo11600Uruguay Centro Universitario Regional Litoral Norte Universidad de la RepúblicaSalto50000Uruguay

Poly(ADP-ribose)(PAR)is a highly negatively charged *** is synthesized by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARPs)and is involved in the assembly and stabilization of macromolecular ***,the presence and putative roles of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation(PARylation)associated to adherens junctions(AJ)and the actin cytoskeleton in epithelial and Schwann cells,is *** hypothesis generated by analogy,stating that PAR is associated to AJ in other cell types,is *** to this hypothesis,PAR associated to puncta adherentia in chemical synapses would participate in plasticity,learning and *** turn,PAR associated to fascia adherens in cardiomyocytes,would affect heart *** inhibitors are currently under development and clinical *** research in different tissues will probably influence their clinical uses.

关键词： PARP Tankyrase Epithelia Neuron Schwann cell Cardiomyocyte Vinculin

Use of stimulatory responsive soft nanoparticles for intracellular drug delivery

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 6974-6990页

作者： Krystal A hughes Bishal Misra Maryam Maghareh Sharan Bobbala Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences West Virginia University School of PharmacyMorgantownWV 26505USA Department of Clinical Pharmacy West Virginia University School of PharmacyMorgantownWV 26505USA

Drug delivery has made tremendous advances in the last *** therapies are increasingly common,with intracellular delivery highly impactful and sought *** drug delivery systems have limitations due to imprecise and non-targeted release *** way this can be addressed is through using stimuli-responsive soft nanoparticles,which contain materials with an organic backbone such as lipids and *** choice of biomaterial is essential for soft nanoparticles to be responsive to internal or external *** nanoparticle must retain its integrity and payload in non-targeted physiological conditions while responding to particular intracellular environments where payload release is *** internal and external factors could stimulate the intracellular release of drugs from *** stimuli include pH,oxidation,enzymes,while external stimuli include ultrasound,light,electricity,magnetic *** responsive soft nanoparticulate systems specifically utilized to modulate intracellular delivery of drugs are explored in this review.

关键词： nanoparticles biomaterials stimuli-responsive targeted delivery intracellular drug delivery

Cheap and secure metatransactions on the blockchain using hash-based authorisation and preferred batchers

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2023年第2期4卷 41-66页

作者： William hughes Tobias Magnusson Alejandro Russo Gerardo Schneider Dept.of Computer Science and Engineering University of Gothenburg41296GothenburgSweden Dept.of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University41296GothenburgSweden

Smart contracts are self-executing programs running in the blockchain allowing for decentralised storage and execution without a ***-chain execution is expensive,with miners charging fees for distributed execution according to a cost model defined in the *** particular,transactions have a high fixed *** present MultiCall,a transaction-batching interpreter for Ethereum that reduces the cost of smart contract executions by gathering multiple users’transactions into a *** current implementation of MultiCall includes the following features:the ability to emulate Ethereum calls and create transactions,both from MultiCall itself and using an identity unique to the user;the ability to cheaply pay Ether to other MultiCall users;and the ability to authorise emulated transactions on behalf of multiple users in a single transaction using hash-based authorisation rather than more expensive *** improves upon a previous version of *** experiments show that MultiCall provides a saving between 57%and 99%of the fixed transaction cost compared with the standard approach of sending Ethereum transactions directly.

关键词： Ethereum Domain-specific language Interpreter Gas optimisation

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How to Hyperion

宝石和宝石学杂志（中英文） 2023年第6期25卷 149-152页

作者： E.Billie hughes Lotus Gemology Co.Ltd. Bangkok 10500Thailand

*** is said that necessity is the mother of *** this author was contacted about sharing an article that could help gemologists learn more about origin determination,it seemed like a perfect opportunity to provide information about our own laboratory’s invention,*** is a tool we crafted to meet our own necessity,particularly as we faced the challenge of origin determination.

关键词： determination origin own

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Real-time temperature prediction of electric machines using machine learning with physically informed features

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 415-425页

作者： Ryan hughes Thomas Haidinger Xiaoze Pei Christopher Vagg University of Bath UK AVL List GmbH Austria

Accurate estimation of the internal temperatures of electric machines is critical to increasing their power density and reliability since key temperatures,such as magnet temperature,are often difficult to *** work presents a new machine learning based modelling approach,incorporating novel physically informed feature engineering,which achieves best-in-class accuracy and reduced training *** different features introduced are proportional to sources of machine losses and require no prior knowledge of the machine,hence the models are completely data *** using a standard experimental dataset shows that modelling errors can be reduced by up to 82.5%,resulting in the lowest mean squared error recorded in the literature of 2.40 K^(2).Additionally,models can be trained with less training data and have lower sensitivity to data ***-ically,it was possible to train a loss enhanced multilayer perceptron model to a mean squared error<5 K^(2) with 90 h of training data,and an enhanced ordinary least squares model with just 60 h to the same *** inference time of the model can be 1–2 orders of magnitude faster than competing models and requires no time to optimise hyperparameters,compared to weeks or months for other state-of-the-art prediction *** results are highly important for enabling low-cost real-time temperature monitoring of electric machines to improve operational efficiency,safety,reliability,and power density.

关键词： Thermal model Real-time Electric machine Machine learning Losses

Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Shoulder Padding and Shoulder Injury in Rugby Union

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第1期4卷 66-73页

作者： Angus hughes Matt Carré Heather Driscoll Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre The University of SheffieldSheffield S605TZUK

Purpose To develop an understanding of the role of shoulder padding in rugby union by investigating player perceptions and attitudes towards shoulder padding and extending research into shoulder injuries in *** An online survey was distributed to past and current rugby players over 13 years old in *** related to the participants’demographic,attitudes to shoulder padding and shoulder injury *** Six hundred and sixteen rugby players responded to the survey;66.1%of respondents had worn shoulder padding at some *** age group 24-29 years old(ΔR^(2)=0.03,B=−0.53,P=0.015)had an inverse association with padding effectiveness while playing experience groups 1-2 years(ΔR^(2)=0.03,B=0.8,P=0.032),3-5 years(ΔR^(2)=0.03,B=0.70,P=0.002)and 6-9 years(ΔR^(2)=0.03,B=0.41,P=0)had a positive *** are 37.1%of respondents consider-ing shoulder padding to be effective at preventing cuts and abrasions with 21.9%finding it very effective;50.3%considered it to be effective or very effective(9.7%)at preventing contusion;45.5%wore padding for injury prevention,while 19.2%wore padding to protect from reoccurring ***/ligament damage(57.5%)and bruising(55.5%)were the most com-monly reported *** The primary reason for wearing shoulder padding was as a means of injury *** should focus on quantifying the injury preventive capabilities of shoulder ***,cuts and abrasion injuries to the shoulder are prevalent presenting new findings that these injuries are underreported.

关键词： Rugby union Shoulder padding Protective equipment Epidemiology Attitudes

Combined influence of Ce(Ⅲ)and iodide ions for corrosion protection of AA 2024-T3 in acidic to neutral chloride-rich environments:Electrochemical and surface characterization studies

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第2期41卷 309-320页

作者： Mohammed A.El-Hashemy Anthony E.hughes Thomas Gengenbach A.Matthew Glenn Ivan S.Cole Chemistry Department College of ScienceJouf UniversityP.O.Box 2014SakakaAljoufSaudi Arabia Air Pollution Research Department Environmental and Climate Change Research InstituteNational Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt CSIRO Mineral Resources ClaytonVic3168Australia CSIRO Manufacturing ClaytonVic3168Australia School of Engineering RMIT UniversityCarltonVic3053Australia

It has been reported that trivalent cerium salts are effective inhibitors for corrosion of AA2024-T3 in neutral to alkaline co rrosive enviro nments,but poor in acidic *** this study,work was done for extending corrosion resistance provided by Ce(NO_(3))_(3)to acidic pHs as low as 2.5 through the addition of iodide *** this end,potentiodynamic polarization was used to ascertain the optimum Ce(Ⅲ)concentration for the inhibition of AA2024-T3 corrosion in 3.5%NaCl *** optimum concentration is found to be in a range between 0.1 and 0.3 mmol/L Ce(Ⅲ).This optimum concentration also gives a maximum width of the passive region under the pitting potential(Epit).Based on this optimization,further work was performed as a function of pH without and in the presence of 0.01 mol/L KI at five pH values(2.5,4,5,7,and 8).Without iodide the best inhibition provided by the Ce(Ⅲ)cation is at pH=7 but active corrosion is observed at pH=2.5 with an estimated inhibitor efficiency(-37.6%).The addition of iodide ions(I^(-))reverses the poor corrosion resistance whereby the inhibitor efficiency becomes 47.7%.Moreover,at pH=4 the efficiency is also increased from 54.0%to 81.0%with iodide addition providing a significant improvement over Ce(Ⅲ)cations alone under acidic *** is a synergistic effect between I-anion and Ce(Ⅲ)cation,which is determined to be 2.4 and 2.1 at pH=2.5and 4.0,*** pH=5 and 7 there is virtually no change in inhibition but at pH=8 the inhibition falls away due to a considerable amount of cerium precipitating out of solution as cerium *** protective film formed on sites in the aluminium alloy surface at different pH values was examined by both scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to determine the role of these ions as a function of pH in surface *** is proposed that at pH=2.5 protection is provided by a bilayer adsorption of iodide with"cap

关键词： Aluminium alloy Cerium(Ⅲ)salt Potassium iodide Corrosion inhibitor XPS Rare earths

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