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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2011年第3期6卷 412-423页

作者： Biao SUN Peter B.LUH Zheng o’neill Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems Department of AutomationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China The Tsinghua-UTC Research Institute for Integrated Building Energy Safety and Control SystemTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA United Technology Research Center United Technologies CorporationHartfordCT 06108USA

Buildings worldwide account for nearly 40%of global energy *** biggest energy consumer in buildings is the heating,ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC)*** HVAC systems,chillers account for a major portion of the energy *** chillers in good conditions through early fault detection and diagnosis is thus a critical *** this paper,the fault detection and diagnosis for an air-cooled chiller with air coming from outside in variable flow rates is *** problem is difficult since the air-cooled chiller is operating under major uncertainties including the cooling load,and the air temperature and flow rate.A potential method to overcome the difficulty caused by the uncertainties is to perform fault detection and diagnosis based on a gray-box model with parameters regarded as *** method is developed and verified by us in another paper for a water-cooled chiller with the uncertainty of cooling *** verification used a Kalman filter to predict parameters of a gray-box model and statistical process control(SPC)for measuring and analyzing their variations for fault detection and *** gray-box model in the method,however,requires that the air temperature and flow rate be nearly *** introducing two new parameters and deleting data points with low air flow rate,the requirement can be satisfied and the method can then be applicable for an air-cooled *** simulation results show that the method with the revised model and some data points dropped improved the fault detection and diagnosis(FDD)performance *** can detect both sudden and gradual air-cooled chiller capacity degradation and sensor faults as well as their recoveries.

关键词： air-cooled chiller fault detection and diagnosis(FDD) statistical process control(SPC) Kalman filter

Complications of collagenous colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第11期14卷 1643-1645页

作者： hugh James Freeman Department of Medicine(Gastroen-terology) University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1W5Canada

Microscopic forms of colitis have been described, including collagenous colitis. This disorder generally has an apparently benign clinical course. However, a number of gastric and intestinal complications, possibly coincidental, may develop with collagenous colitis. Distinctive inflammatory disorders of the gastric mucosa have been described, including lymphocytic gastritis and collagenous gastritis. Celiac disease and collagenous sprue （or collagenous enteritis） may occur. Colonic ulceration has been associated with use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, while other forms of inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn＇s disease, may evolve from coUagenous colitis. Submucosal ＂dissection＂, colonic fractures or mucosal tears and perforation from air insufflation during colonoscopy may occur and has been hypothesized to be due to compromise of the colonic wall from submucosal collagen deposition. Similar changes may result from increased intraluminal pressure during barium enema contrast studies. Finally, malignant disorders have also been reported, including carcinoma and lymphoproliferative disease.

关键词： Colonic fractures Colonic perforation Celiac disease Collagenous gastritis Collagenous sprue Cat scratch colon Colon cancer Microscopic colitis

Multiscale Co-oscillation Analysis of Solar Radiation and Air Temperature Using Continuous Wavelet Transform: A Case Study of a Tropical Humid Region, Dangbo, Bénin

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2025年第1期15卷 187-199页

作者： ossénatou Mamadou Djidjoho Renaud Roméo Koukoui David Gnonlonfoun Institut de Mathmatiques et de Sciences Physiques Universit dAbomey-Calavi Dangbo Bnin

The use of solar energy is today widely recognized for the green transition but also for addressing societal challenges associated with the rise in global surface temperature. The design of a photovoltaic solar panel field may require an understanding of how solar radiation oscillates with other variables or factors since multiple interactions occur during its transfer within the atmosphere. In this study, three years of the incoming shortwave radiation (SWin) and air temperature (Tair) data acquired within the “Institut de Mathématiques et de Sciences Physiques” were analyzed using the continuous wavelet transform to extract the inherent variability of these signals. The underlying characteristics meaning the timescale of these variabilities as well as the lead-lag relationship between SWin and Tair were also examined. With the wavelet power spectrum, the highest variability was evidenced at the 2 - 8 band period for the SWin, coinciding almost with that of Tair. This suggests that these two signals are well interconnected at this temporal scale. The results obtained with the phase (∅xy) difference analysis, reveal that SWin leads Tair by ~ 23.5˚ on average when (0 ∅xy∅xyi.e., periods ≤ 32 days), Tair increases with an increasing SWin since the lags between these two signals range between 0.09 - 2.30 days. However, when looking at their interdependence at a larger temporal scale (> 32 days), Tair lags SWin. An increase in SWin might not directly imply an increase in Tair. overall, these findings give insight into complex relationships across scales between the incoming shortwave radiation and air temperature in a tropical humid region of Bénin.

关键词： Solar Radiation Air Temperature Co-oscillation Wavelet Transform Humid Climate West Africa

Creeping fat and gut microbiota in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 16-23页

作者： Ana EV Quaglio Daniéla o Magro Marcello Imbrizi Ellen CS De oliveira Luiz C Di Stasi Ligia Y Sassaki Verum Ingredients Botucatu Technology ParkBotucatu 18605-525São PauloBrazil Department of Surgery Faculty of Medical SciencesState University of CampinasCampinas 13083-970São PauloBrazil Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of CampinasCampinas 13083-970São PauloBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolSão Paulo State UniversityBotucatu 18618-686São PauloBrazil Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology Institute of BiosciencesSão Paulo State UniversityBotucatu 18618-689São PauloBrazil

In this article,we explored the role of adipose tissue,especially mesenteric adipose tissue and creeping fat,and its association with the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology and progression of Crohn’s disease(CD).CD is a form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract,influenced by genetic predisposition,gut microbiota dysbiosis,and environmental *** microbiota plays a crucial role in modulating immune response and intestinal inflammation and is associated with the onset and progression of ***,visceral adipose tissue,particularly creeping fat,a mesenteric adipose tissue characterized by hypertrophy and fibrosis,has been implicated in CD pathogenesis,inflammation,and *** bacteria from the gut microbiota may translocate into mesenteric adipose tissue,contributing to the formation of creeping fat and influencing CD *** creeping fat may be a protective barrier against bacterial invasion,its expansion can damage adjacent tissues,leading to *** gut microbiota through interventions such as fecal microbiota transplantation,probiotics,and prebiotics has shown potential in managing ***,more research is needed to clarify the mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis,creeping fat,and CD progression and develop targeted therapies for microbiota modulation and fat-related complications in patients with CD.

关键词： Creeping fat Mesenteric adipose tissue Gut microbiota Crohn’s disease Inflammatory bowel disease

Malignancy in adult celiac disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第13期15卷 1581-1583页

作者： hugh James Freeman Department of Medicine (Gastroen-terology) University of British Columbia Hospital

Prior studies have suggested that the incidence of some neoplastic disorders,particularly malignant lymphoma and small intestinal adenocarcinoma,are increased in celiac *** studies from the United Kingdom have also suggested a link between celiac disease and esophageal carcinoma,although this has not been confi rmed in North *** risk of other gastrointestinal cancers seems to be *** cancer does not appear to be detected more frequently,although direct endoscopic visualization of the upper gastrointestinal tract is now very common in patients with celiac *** cancer also appears to be limited in celiac disease,even in patients first diagnosed with celiac disease late in *** has led to the hypothesis that untreated celiac disease may be protective,possibly owing to impaired absorption of fat or fat-soluble agents,including hydrocarbons and putative co-carcinogens implicated in the pathogenesis of colon cancer,which may be poorly absorbed and rapidly excreted.

关键词： Adult Celiac disease Adenocarcinoma Lymphoma T cell enteropathy

Mesenteric lymph node cavitation syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第24期16卷 2991-2993页

作者： hugh James Freeman Department of Medicine (Gastroenter-ology) University of British Columbia Hospital

The mesenteric lymph node cavitation syndrome consists of central necrosis of mesenteric lymph nodes and may occur with either celiac disease or a sprue-like intestinal disease that fails to respond to a gluten-free diet. Splenic hypofunction may also be present. The cause is not known but its development during the clinical course of celiac disease is usually indicative of a poor prognosis for the intestinal disorder, a potential for signif icant compli-cations including sepsis and malignancy, particularly T-cell lymphoma, and signif icant mortality. Modern abdominal imaging modalities may permit earlier detection in celiac disease so that earlier diagnosis and improved under-standing of its pathogenesis may result.

关键词： Mesenteric lymph node Celiac disease Yersinia infection Tuberculosis Kikuchi disease Hyposplenism Lymphoma

Reproductive changes associated with celiac disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第46期16卷 5810-5814页

作者： hugh James Freeman Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology) University of British Columbia Hospital

Celiac disease is a mucosal disorder of the small intestine that may be triggered by dietary exposure to gluten in genetically-susceptible *** disorder is often associated with diarrhea,malabsorption and weight loss along with other extra-intestinal *** changes have been described,including impaired fertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes possibly related to immune-mediated mechanisms or nutrient *** possible pathogenetic factors that may alter placental function include maternal celiac disease autoantibodies binding to placental transglutaminase,and genetic mutations that may facilitate microthrombus *** noting activation during pregnancy or the puerperium may be important,and suggest that celiac disease may also be hypothetically precipitated by maternal exposure to one or more fetal antigens.

关键词： Celiac disease Infertility Pregnancy Post-partum celiac disease Fetal outcome

Crypt region localization of intestinal stem cells in adults

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第47期14卷 7160-7162页

作者： hugh James Freeman Department of Medicine(Gastroen-terology) University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1W5Canada

The intestinal epithelial lining plays a central role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients,but exists in a harsh luminal environment that necessitates continual *** renewal process involves epithelial cell proliferation in the crypt base and later cell migration from the crypt base to the luminal *** process is dependent on multi-potent progenitor cells,or stem cells,located in each *** are about 4 to 6 stem cells per crypt,and these stem cells are believed to generate distinct end-differentiated epithelial cell types,including absorptive cells,goblet cells,enteroendocrine cells and Paneth cells,while also maintaining their own progenitor cell *** studies suggested that intestinal stem cells were located either in the crypt base interspersed between the Paneth cells [*** base columnar(CBC) cell model] or at an average position of 4 cells from the crypt base [***-retaining cells(LRC +4) model].Recent studies have employed biomarkers in the in vivo mammalian state to more precisely evaluate the location of these progenitor cells in the intestinal *** notable of these novel markers are Lgr5,a gene that encodes a G-protein-coupled receptor with expression restricted to CBC cells,and Bmi 1,which encodes a chromatin remodeling protein expressed by *** studies raise the possibility that there may be separate stem cell lines or different states of stem cell activation involved in the renewal of normal mammalian intestinal tract.

关键词： Crypt base columnar cells Intestinal epithelial cell renewal Lgr5 gene Polycomb bmil protein Progenitor cells Stem cells +4 stem cellmodel

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and other pancreatic cystic lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第19期14卷 2977-2979页

作者： hugh James Freeman Department of Medicine (Gastroen-terology) University of British Columbia

Pancreatic cystic neoplasms are being increasingly recognized, even in the absence of symptoms, in large part, due to markedly improved imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance cholangio pancreatography (MRCP) and computer tomography (CT) scanning. During the past 2 decades, better imaging of these cystic lesions has resulted in definition of different types, including pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN). While IPMN represent only a distinct minority of all pancreatic cancers, they appear to be a relatively frequent neoplastic form of pancreatic cystic neoplasm. Moreover, IPMN have a much better outcome and prognosis compared to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Therefore, recognition of this entity is exceedingly important for the clinician involved in diagnosis and further evaluation of a potentially curable form of pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms Mucinous cystic neoplasm of pancreas Serous cystadenoma Pancreatic cysticlesions