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Nutritional care in hospitalized patients with chronic liver disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第45期21卷 12835-12842页

作者： Dep K Huynh Shane P Selvanderan hugh aj harley Richard H Holloway Nam Q Nguyen Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide North Terrace Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Adelaide Hospital North Terrace

AIM: To evaluate the practice of nutritional assessment and management of hospitalised patients with cirrhosis and the impact of malnutrition on their clinical ***: This was a retrospective cohort study on patients with liver cirrhosis consecutively admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at the Royal Adelaide Hospital over 24 mo. Details were gathered related to the patients' demographics, disease severity, nutritional status and assessment, biochemistry and clinical outcomes. Nutritional status was assessed by a dietician and determined by subjective global assessment. Estimated energy and protein requirements were calculated by Simple Ratio Method. Intake was estimated from dietary history and/or food charts, and represented as a percentage of estimated daily requirements. Median duration of follow up was 14.9(0-41.4) mo. RESULTS: Of the 231 cirrhotic patients(167 male, age: 56.3 ± 0.9 years, 9% Child-Pugh A, 42% ChildPugh B and 49% Child-Pugh C), 131(57%) had formal nutritional assessment during their admission and 74(56%) were judged to have malnutrition. In-hospitalcaloric(15.6 ± 1.2 kcal/kg vs 23.7 ± 2.3 kcal/kg, P = 0.0003) and protein intake(0.65 ± 0.06 g/kg vs 1.01 ± 0.07 g/kg, P = 0.0003) was significantly reduced in patients with malnutrition. Of the malnourished cohort, 12(16%) received enteral nutrition during hospitalisation and only 6(8%) received ongoing dietetic review and assessment following discharge from hospital. The overall mortality was 51%, and was higher in patients with malnutrition compared to those without(HR = 5.29, 95%CI: 2.31-12.1; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Malnutrition is common in hospitalised patients with cirrhosis and is associated with higher mortality. Formal nutritional assessment, however, is inadequate. This highlights the need for meticulous nutritional evaluation and management in these patients.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Nutrition assessment Mortality Mal

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Surgical management of the diabetic foot:The current evidence

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 404-417页

作者： Richard Henry Randall Roberts Gareth Rhys Davies-Jones James Brock Vaishnav Satheesh Greg aj Robertson Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Wrexham Maelor HospitalWrexham LL137TDUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic HospitalOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications,particularly diabetic foot pathologies,poses significant healthcare challenges and economic burdens *** review synthesises current evidence on the surgical management of the diabetic foot,focusing on the interplay between neuropathy,ischemia,and infection that commonly culminates in ulcers,infections,and,in severe cases,*** escalating incidence of diabetes mellitus underscores the urgency for effective management strategies,as diabetic foot complications are a leading cause of hospital admissions among diabetic patients,significantly impacting morbidity and mortality *** review explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic foot complications and further examines diabetic foot ulcers,infections,and skeletal pathologies such as Charcot arthropathy,emphasising the critical role of early diagnosis,comprehensive management strategies,and interdisciplinary care in mitigating adverse *** addressing surgical interventions,this review evaluates conservative surgeries,amputations,and reconstructive procedures,highlighting the importance of tailored approaches based on individual patient profiles and the specific characteristics of foot *** integration of advanced diagnostic tools,novel surgical techniques,and postoperative care,including offloading and infection control,are discussed in the context of optimising healing and preserving limb function.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic foot Charcot Osteomyelitis Amputation Diabetic foot attack Conservative surgery

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副业世代发展副业,千禧世代更胜Z世代

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第7期 34-36,49,50页

作者： aj Eckstein 不详

1997~2012年间出生的Z世代,已与发展副业画上了1等号。然而,从事副业最多的世代其实不是他们。根据H&RBlock连锁报税公司的《美国人生活展望报告》,出生于1981~1996年间的千禧世代,身兼数职的情况可能比其他世代更多。报告显示,千禧世... 详细信息

1997~2012年间出生的Z世代,已与发展副业画上了1等号。然而,从事副业最多的世代其实不是他们。根据H&RBlock连锁报税公司的《美国人生活展望报告》,出生于1981~1996年间的千禧世代,身兼数职的情况可能比其他世代更多。报告显示,千禧世代有全职工作,而且平均同时做两份工作,以跟上通货膨胀速度、提高收入。

关键词：展望报告身兼数职通货膨胀全职工作世代副业

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Lateral femoral neck stress fractures: A case report

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第9期15卷 891-901页

作者： Christiaan aj Oudmaijer Nuno R Paulino Pereira David Visser Alexander M Wakker Wout S Veltman Robbart van Linschoten Department of Surgery Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation SurgeryErasmus MC Transplant InstituteRotterdam 3015 GDZuid-HollandNetherlands Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology Utrecht 3584 CSNetherlands Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Erasmus MCErasmus University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdam 3015 GDZuid-HollandNetherlands Department of Surgery Division of Trauma SurgeryErasmus MCErasmus University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdam 3015 GDZuid-HollandNetherlands

BACKGROUND Sport-induced injuries particularly affect young,healthy,and active ***,a popular and accessible sport,can cause a wide range of injuries,including stress *** fractures can occur during high-intensity training or competitions,especially among well-trained amateurs and professional *** diagnosis can be complicated by the typically young age,unremarkable medical history,and vital condition of the *** fractures present insidiously,and this is specifically the case with stress fractures of the femoral *** intervention is crucial to prevent progressive displacement,as this can damage the blood supply to the femoral *** SUMMARY A 30-year-old male runner presented to our outpatient clinic with persistent pain 3 weeks after running a marathon.X-ray showed a complete lateral fracture of the left femoral neck,which was treated surgically with a dynamic hip *** It is essential for healthcare providers to be vigilant for the subtle symptoms of stress fractures to ensure timely *** recognition prevents com-plication and leads to a better prognosis.

关键词： Stress fractures Atypical Femoral Neck Marathon Diagnosis Case report

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AI Sentience and Socioculture

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Journal of Social Computing 2023年第3期4卷 205-220页

作者： aj Alvero Courtney Peña the Department of Sociology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32601USA the Stanford School of Medicine Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Artificial intelligence(AI)sentience has become an important topic of discourse and inquiry in light of the remarkable progress and capabilities of large language models(LLMs).While others have considered this issue from more philosophical and metaphysical perspectives,we present an alternative set of considerations grounded in sociocultural theory and ***,we focus on sociocultural perspectives on interpersonal relationships,sociolinguistics,and culture to consider whether LLMs are *** examples grounded in quotidian aspects of what it means to be sentient along with examples of AI in science fiction,we describe why LLMs are not sentient and are unlikely to ever be *** present this as a framework to reimagine future AI not as impending forms of sentience but rather a potentially useful tool depending on how it is used and built.

关键词： sentience sociology sociolinguistics culture interpersonal relationships quotidian

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Simulation Structural Properties of Ni Clusters by Transferable Tight-binding Potential

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1999年第4期15卷 320-322页

作者： Luo, CL Cao, aj Zhou, YH Nanjing Normal Univ Dept Phys Nanjing 210097 Peoples R China

A transferable tight-binding potential for Ni has been developed. Molecular dynamics methods and simulated annealing techniques have been used to study the structural properties of Ni clusters with this potential. We have obtained the structures of some Ni clusters. The average coordination number, ionization potentials and the stability of clusters have also been calculated.

关键词： IONIZATION-POTENTIALS NICKEL CLUSTERS

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Mechanics of a Grip System of Three-Key-Board Hydraulic Tongs Developed for Offshore Oil Pipe Lines

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China Ocean Engineering 1999年第1期14卷 101-108页

作者： Zhao, JY Guo, aj Ding, KQ Liu, CT Petr Univ China Shangdong 257012 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Mech Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

This paper carries out the analysis of mechanics of a grip system of three-key-board hydraulic tongs developed for offshore oil pipe lines which has been successfully used in oil fields in China. The main improvement of this system is that a lever frame structure is used in the structural design, which reduces greatly the stresses of the major components of the oil pipe tongs. Theoretical analysis and numerical calculation based on thirteen basic equations developed Show that the teeth board of the tongs is not easy to slip as frequently happens to other systems and is of higher reliability.

关键词： grip system three-key-board hydraulic tongs offshore oil pipe lines stress analysis

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Eucaglobulin, A New Complex of Gallotannin and Monoterpene from Eucalyptus globulus

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1998年第6期9卷 541-543页

作者： Hou, aj Liu, YZ Lin, ZW Sun, HD Acad Sinica Kunming Inst Bot Lab Phytochem Kunming 650204 Peoples R China Henan Coll Tradit Chinese Med Phytochem Dept Zhengzhou 450003 Peoples R China

Eucaglobulin 1, a new complex of gallotannin and monoterpene, was isolated from the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus. Its structure was determined by spectral methods.

关键词： Eucalyptus globulus Myrtaceae gallotannin-monoterpene complex eucaglobulin

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The　Molecular　Shape　Effect　in　the　Separation　of　Ionic　Isomers　by　Capillary　Zone　Electrophoresis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1996年第12期7卷 1105-1108页

作者： Qi, SZ Fang, XH Huang, aj Sun, YL BEIJING UNIV DEPT CHEMBEIJING 100871PEOPLES R CHINA

The present understanding of electrophoretic mobility cannot satisfactorily be used to explain the separation capebility of capillary zone electrophoresis for isomeric anions. A molecular shape effect concept was proposed to describe the separation mechanism for isomeric anoins with om. p-hydroxybenzoates and two food colorants. amaranth and ponceau 4R as examples.

关键词： Isomers Capillary Effect the

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Non habitual microscopic forms of Histoplasma capsulatum in disseminated disease

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2008年第2期1卷 28-30页

作者： Bava aj Garro S Troncoso A University of La Plata Argentina Department of Infectious Diseases "Francisco J.Mutiiz" HospitalBuenos AiresArgentina School of Medicine University of Buenos AiresArgentina

This paper communicates the presence of aberrant microscopic forms of Histoplasma capsulatum in a sample obtained by scrapping of the skin lesion and stained with a rapid modification of the Grocott *** AIDS patient was treated with cream contained corticoids and antifungal and antibacterial antibiotics by an erroneous *** the etiologic diagnosis was achieved,oral itraconazol was administrated at the daily dose of 400 mg during at least six *** non habitual forms described in the literature as " aberrant variants", can be interpreted as an "adaptive phenomenon" of this termodimorphic fungal specie,as response of the ecologic alterations produced by antibiotic on the local antagonic bacterial microbiota,the deleterous activity of antifungal on the fungal cells and the local inmunodepression produced by the corticoids.

关键词： aberrant Histoplasma capsulatum AIDS associated histoplasmosis Endemic Mycoses and AIDS

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