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Coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations and their application to ENSO ensemble forecasts

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 826-842页

作者： Wansuo DUAN lei HU Rong FEng LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Limitations are existed in current ensemble forecasting initial perturbation methods for describing the interactions among various spheres of the Earth system. In this study, a new method is proposed, namely, the coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(C-CNOP) method, which incorporates multisphere interactions much appropriately. The El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) is a typical ocean-atmosphere “coupling”(or “interaction”) phenomenon. The C-CNOP method is applied to ensemble forecasting of ENSO. It is demonstrated that the C-CNOP method can generate coupled initial perturbations(CPs) that appropriately consider initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty for ENSO ensemble forecasts. Results reveal that the CPs effectively improve the ability of ENSO ensemble-mean forecasts in both temporal variability of Nio3.4 sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs) and spatial variability of ENSO mature-phase SSTAs. Notably, despite the weakest ocean-atmosphere coupling strength in the tropical Pacific occurring during the boreal spring and summer, CPs still capture the uncertainties of this weak coupling when ENSO predictions are initialized at these seasons. This performance of CPs significantly suppresses the rapid increase of ENSO prediction errors due to the high ocean-atmosphere coupling instability during these seasons, and thus effectively extends the lead time of skillful ENSO forecasting. Hence, the C-CNOP method is a suitable initial perturbation approach for ENSO ensemble forecast that can describe initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty. It is expected that the CCNOP method plays a significant role in predictions of other high-impact climate phenomena, and even future Earth system predictions.

关键词： Ensemble forecast Multisphere interaction Initial perturbations ENSO

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Open-Shell Oligomers and Polymers: Theory, Characterization Methods, Molecular Design, and Applications

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 417-436页

作者： Xue-Qing Wang Cheng Song Ting lei Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

Open-shell oligomers and polymers have exhibited intriguing electronic and magnetic properties, making them highly desirable for a wide range of applications, including ambipolar organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), photodetectors, organic thermoelectrics, and spintronics. Although open-shell ground states have been observed in certain small molecules and doped organic semiconductors, the exploration of open-shell ground-state conjugated polymers is still limited, and the strategies for designing these polymers remain obscure. This review aims to briefly introduce the theory and characterization methods of open-shell conjugated polymers, along with an overview of recent progress and applications. The objective is to stimulate further advancements and investigations in this promising area by shedding light on the potential of open-shell conjugated polymers and the challenges that lie ahead.

关键词： Conjugated polymers Open-shell molecules High-spin ground state Donor-acceptor(D-A)polymers Optoelectronic and magnetic properties

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Study on the interactive deformation of bone needles and circum-pelvic soft tissue

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High Technology Letters 2024年第3期30卷 297-303页

作者： ZHAng Famin lei Jingtao School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444P.R.China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics Shanghai 200444 P.R.China

During the robot-assisted pelvic fracture reduction,the needle-tissue interactive deformation characteristic is not clear,which affects the accuracy of robotic *** this paper,a layered rig-id-flexible coupling model is proposed,and the needle-tissue interactive deformation under the load-ing is analyzed by the Rayleigh-Ritz method,in accordance with the principle of minimum potential *** pelvic musculoskeletal tissue is reversely reconstructed,and the structure of the bone is segmented into cancellous bone and cortical *** Mooney-Rivlin five-parameter hyperelastic model is used to simulate muscle,and the Ogden hyperelastic model is used to simulate adipose *** element simulation is performed by loading different magnitudes of *** accuracy of the rigid-flexible coupling model is 0.432 mm,which indicates the correctness of the needle-tis-sue interactive deformation theory analysis.

关键词： pelvic fracture reduction rigid-flexible coupling needle-tissue interactive de-formation

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Oscillatory Dynamics of Heterogeneous Stem Cell Regeneration

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 431-453页

作者： Xiyin Liang Jinzhi lei School of Mathematical Sciences Center for Applied MathematicsTiangong UniversityTianjin300387China

Stem cell regeneration is an essential biological process in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis;dysregulation of stem cell regeneration may result in dynamic diseases that show oscillations in cell *** heterogeneity and plasticity are necessary for the dynamic equilibrium of tissue homeostasis;however,how these features may affect the oscillatory dynamics of the stem cell regeneration process remains poorly ***,based on a mathematical model of heterogeneous stem cell regeneration that includes cell heterogeneity and random transition of epigenetic states,we study the conditions to have oscillation solutions through bifurcation analysis and numerical *** results show various model system dynamics with changes in different parameters associated with kinetic rates,cellular heterogeneity,and *** show that introducing heterogeneity and plasticity to cells can result in oscillation dynamics,as we have seen in the homogeneous stem cell regeneration ***,increasing the cell heterogeneity and plasticity intends to maintain tissue homeostasis under certain *** current study is an initiatory investigation of how cell heterogeneity and plasticity may affect stem cell regeneration dynamics,and many questions remain to be further studied both biologically and mathematically.

关键词： Stem cell regeneration Heterogenous Hopf bifurcation Hematopoietic dynamical disease

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Deep kernel extreme learning machine classifier based on the improved sparrow search algorithm

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2024年第3期31卷 15-29页

作者： Zhao Guangyuan lei Yu School of Automation Xi'an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi'an 710000China

In the classification problem,deep kernel extreme learning machine(DKELM)has the characteristics of efficient processing and superior performance,but its parameters optimization is *** improve the classification accuracy of DKELM,a DKELM algorithm optimized by the improved sparrow search algorithm(ISSA),named as ISSA-DKELM,is proposed in this *** at the parameter selection problem of DKELM,the DKELM classifier is constructed by using the optimal parameters obtained by ISSA *** order to make up for the shortcomings of the basic sparrow search algorithm(SSA),the chaotic transformation is first applied to initialize the sparrow ***,the position of the discoverer sparrow population is dynamically adjusted.A learning operator in the teaching-learning-based algorithm is fused to improve the position update operation of the ***,the Gaussian mutation strategy is added in the later iteration of the algorithm to make the sparrow jump out of local *** experimental results show that the proposed DKELM classifier is feasible and effective,and compared with other classification algorithms,the proposed DKELM algorithm aciheves better test accuracy.

关键词： deep kernel extreme learning machine(DKELM) improved sparrow search algorithm(ISSA) classifier parameters optimization

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Degradation analysis and doping modification optimization for high-voltage P-type layered cathode in sodium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 1-9,I0002页

作者： Bao Zhang Yi Zhao Minghuang Li Qi Wang lei Cheng lei Ming Xing Ou Xiaowei Wang National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficiency Recovery of Refractory Nonferrous Metals School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina Zhejiang Power New Energy Co. LTDZhuji 311800ZhejiangChina

Advancing high-voltage stability of layered sodium-ion oxides represents a pivotal avenue for their progress in energy storage *** this,a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underpinning their structural deterioration at elevated voltages remains insufficiently *** this study,we unveil a layer delamination phenomenon of Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.3)Mn_(0.7)O_(2)(NNM)within the 2.0-4.3 V voltage,attributed to considerable volumetric fluctuations along the c-axis and lattice oxygen reactions induced by the simultaneous Ni^(3+)/Ni^(4+)and anion redox *** introducing Mg doping to diminished Ni-O antibonding,the anion oxidation-reduction reactions are effectively mitigated,and the structural integrity of the P2 phase remains firmly intact,safeguarding active sites and precluding the formation of novel *** Na_(0.67)Mg_(0.05)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.7)O_(2)(NMNM-5)exhibits a specific capacity of100.7 mA h g^(-1),signifying an 83%improvement compared to the NNM material within the voltage of2.0-4.3 *** investigation underscores the intricate interplay between high-voltage stability and structural degradation mechanisms in layered sodium-ion oxides.

关键词： Soidum ion batteries Layer cathode materials P-type High-voltage performance Degradation analysis

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A breakthrough in fabric cleaning: coating-at-will concept for stainproof fabrics

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 744-745页

作者： Zhouyue lei Peiyi Wu State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Surfactants are extensively used in daily life and industrial production, posing significant challenges to global sustainability. Household detergents, including dishwashing detergents and laundry, alone account for o... 详细信息

关键词： breakthrough proof coating

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Ultrathin and flexible MXene-contained electromagnetic interference shielding composite paper designed with a protective hydrogel film

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 199-208页

作者： Jiasheng Wei lei Dai Ping He Meng Zhu Feng Jiang Zhaoxiang Zhou Guiqiang Fei Tingzhou lei College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles Ministry of EducationJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Zhejiang Shunpu New Material Technology Co. LtdLongyou 324404China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization Institute of Urban and Rural MiningChangzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China

MXene-contained paper is a good choice to design ultrathin and flexible electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding ***,the deficiencies in strength and stability of MXene-contained paper impede its practical ***,a composite paper was proposed to address the problems,in which a filter paper was modified with a three-layer structured surface via a facile layer-by-layer coating ***,the TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers(TOCN)/cationic starch(CS)/MXene gel layer and TOCN/MXene nacre structure layer ensured the good EMI shielding and mechanical performances of the composite paper,while the uppermost TOCN/CS hydrogel film layer mainly protected *** composite paper achieved an EMI SE of 40.3 dB at a thickness of merely 0.1894 mm(SE/t value of ca.212.8 dB mm^(−1),SSE/t values of ca.13216 dB cm 2 g^(−1))and the total MXene dosage was 20 g m^(−2).Its tensile strength could be up to 11.7 MPa while the original filter paper was 6.4 *** pieces of this composite papers could be easily packed together to attain an EMI SE of nearly 70 ***,the hydrogel film layer efficiently protected the MXene and maintained the EMI shielding performance of the composite paper when immersed in different liquids including water,HCl(1 M)and ethanol,due to the dense and compact structure of hydrogel film *** work provides a practical way to develop ultrathin,flexible and durable EMI shielding materials.

关键词： MXene Electromagnetic interference shielding Nanocellulose Hydrogel

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Cyclohexanol optimizes Pt/ionomer interface in fuel cell cathodes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 417-419页

作者： lei Tong Hai-Wei Liang Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

This highlight is based on a recent article published in Nature Catalysis, in which Wei's group [1] from Chongqing University proposes a novel approach to enhance the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)by adjusting the interface between Pt and ionomer in the cathode catalyst layer. Their strategy involves adding cyclohexanol to the cathode catalyst ink to impede the adsorption of sulfonate groups from the ionomer onto Pt nanoparticles, which results in the release of Pt activity sites and a significant improvement in the mass transport efficiency.

关键词： interface catalyst adding

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Fatigue-resistant Hydrogels

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第1期40卷 64-77页

作者： LI Luofei lei Hai CAO Yi Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructureDepartment of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093P.R.China Department of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027P.R.China

Hydrogels have been extensively studied for applications in various fields, such as tissue engineering and soft robotics, as determined by their mechanical properties. The mechanical design of hydrogels typically focuses on the modulus, toughness, and deformability. These characteristics play important roles and make great achievements for hydrogel use. In recent years, a growing body of research has concentrated on the fatigue property of hydrogels, which determines their resistance to crack propagation in the networks during cyclic mechanical loads for applications. However, knowledge of hydrogel fatigue behavior remains notably deficient. Here, we present a brief overview of the fatigue behavior of hydrogels, encompassing the general experimental methods to measure the fatigue property and fundamental theoretical calculation models. Then, we highlight multiple strategies to enhance the fatigue resistance of hydrogels. Finally, we present our perspectives on fatigue-resistant hydrogels, outstanding challenges and potential directions for future research.

关键词： Hydrogel Fatigue-resistant Fracture

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