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Circulating proteomic biomarkers for diagnosing sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a cross-sectional study

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1842-1848页

作者： Lu He Qinming Zhou Chaoyang Xiu Yaping Shao Dingding Shen huanyu meng Weidong Le Sheng Chen Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Neurology Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Center for Translational Research on Neurological Diseases the First Affiliated HospitalDalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning ProvinceChina Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Institute of Neurology Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences-Sichuan Provincial HospitalChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Xinrui HospitalWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

Biomarke rs are required for the early detection,prognosis prediction,and monitoring of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,a progressive disease.Proteomics is an unbiased and quantitative method that can be used to detect neurochemical signatures to aid in the identification of candidate biomarke rs.In this study,we used a label-free quantitative proteomics approach to screen for substantially differentially regulated proteins in ten patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral scle rosis compared with five healthy controls.Su bstantial upregulation of serum proteins related to multiple functional clusters was observed in patients with spo radic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Potential biomarke rs were selected based on functionality and expression specificity.To validate the proteomics profiles,blood samples from an additional cohort comprising 100 patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 100 healthy controls were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Eight substantially upregulated serum proteins in patients with spora dic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis were selected,of which the cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide demonstrated the best discriminative ability between patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and healthy controls(area under the curve[AUC]=0.713,P<0.0001).To further enhance diagnostic accuracy,a multi-protein combined discriminant algorithm was developed incorporating five proteins(hemoglobin beta,cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide,talin-1,zyxin,and translationally-controlled tumor protein).The algo rithm achieved an AUC of 0.811 and a P-value of<0.0001,resulting in 79%sensitivity and 71%specificity for the diagnosis of sporadic amyotrophic lateral scle rosis.Subsequently,the ability of candidate biomarkers to discriminate between early-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients and controls,as well as patients with different disease severities,was examined.A two-protein panel comprising talin-1 and translationally-controlled tumor protein effectively d

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide hemoglobin label-free quantitative proteomics multi-protein combined diagnostic panel serum biomarkers talin-1 translationally-controlled tumor protein zyxin

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Continuous-wave operation of 1550 nm low-threshold triple-lattice photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 446-453页

作者： Ziye Wang Xia Liu Pinyao Wang huanyu Lu Bo meng Wei Zhang Lijie Wang Yanjing Wang Cunzhu Tong State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Central Research Institute Planning Dept 2012 LabsHuawei Technologies Company Ltd.Shenzhen 518129China

Benefitting from narrow beam divergence,photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers are expected to play an essential role in the ever-growing fields of optical communication and light detection and ranging.Lasers operating with 1.55μm wavelengths have attracted particular attention due to their minimum fiber loss and high eye-safe threshold.However,high interband absorption significantly decreases their performance at this 1.55μm wavelength.Therefore,stronger optical feedback is needed to reduce their threshold and thus improve the output power.Toward this goal,photonic-crystal resonators with deep holes and high dielectric contrast are often used.Nevertheless,the relevant techniques for high-contrast photonic crystals inevitably complicate fabrication and reduce the final yield.In this paper,we demonstrate the first continuous-wave operation of 1.55μm photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers by using a‘triple-lattice photonic-crystal resonator’,which superimposes three lattice point groups to increase the strength of in-plane optical feedback.Using this geometry,the in-plane 180°coupling can be enhanced threefold compared to the normal single-lattice structure.Detailed theoretical and experimental investigations demonstrate the much lower threshold current density of this structure compared to‘single-lattice’and‘double-lattice’photonic-crystal resonators,verifying our design principles.Our findings provide a new strategy for photonic crystal laser miniaturization,which is crucial for realizing their use in future high-speed applications.

关键词： resonator crystal lattice

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Advances in oral mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in health and disease

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 346-357页

作者： huanyu Luo Anahid Ahmadi Birjandi Feilong Ren Tianmeng Sun Paul T.Sharpe Hongchen Sun Zhengwen An Department of Oral Biology Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingSchool and Hospital of StomatologyJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130021China Faculty of Dentistry Oral&Craniofacial SciencesCentre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE19RTUK Department of Oral Pathology Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingSchool and Hospital of StomatologyJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130021China

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nano-size vesicles secreted naturally by all cells into the extracellular space and have been recognized as important cell-cell mediators in multicel-lular organisms.EVs contain nucleic acids,proteins,lipids,and other cellular components,regulating many basic biological processes and playing an important role in regenerative med-icine and diseases.EVs can be traced to their cells of origin and exhibit a similar function.Moreover,EVs demonstrate low immunogenicity,good biocompatibility,and fewer side ef-fects,compared to their parent cells.Mesenchymal stem cells(MsCs)are one of the most important resource cells for EVs,with a great capacity for self-renewal and multipotent differ-entiation,and play an essential role in stem cell therapy.The mechanism of MsC therapy was thought to be attributed to the differentiation of MsCs after targeted migration,as previously noted.However,emerging evidence shows the previously unknown role of MsC-derived para-crine factors in stem cell therapy.Especially EVs derived from oral tissue MSCs(OMSC-EVs),show more advantages than those of all other MsCs in tissue repair and regeneration,due to their lower invasiveness and easier accessibility for sample collection.Here,we systematically review the biogenesis and biological characteristics of OMSC-EVs,as well as the role of OMsC-EVs in intercellular communication.Furthermore,we discuss the potential therapeutic roles of OMSC-EVs in oral and systemic diseases.We highlight the current challenges and future directions of OMSC-EVs to focus more attention on clinical translation.We aim to provide valuable insights for the explorative clinical application of OMSC-EVs.

关键词： Disease Extracellular vesicles Oral tissue MSC Therapeutic application Tissue regeneration

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Research on Value Evaluation Method of Investment Project Based on Fuzzy Composite Real Options

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Economics World 2024年第1期11卷 24-34页

作者： huanyu Li VSB-TUO OstravaCzech Republic

Venture capital investments are characterized by high input,high yield,and high risk.Due to the complexity of the market environment,stage-by-stage investment is becoming increasingly important.Traditional evaluation methods like comparison,proportion,maturity,internal rate of return,scenario analysis,decision trees,and net present value cannot fully consider the uncertainty and stage characteristics of the project.The fuzzy real options method addresses this by combining real option theory,fuzzy number theory,and composite option theory to provide a more accurate and objective evaluation of Public-Private Partnership(PPP)projects.It effectively considers the interaction of options and the ambiguity of project parameters,making it a valuable tool for project evaluation in the context of venture capital investment.

关键词： real option fuzzy method Geske composite option

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Infinite Loop?What Is Behind the Ongoing Turmoil in the Banking Sector?

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Economics World 2024年第2期11卷 77-82页

作者： Kong Decong huanyu Li VSE-Data Analysis and Modeling PragueCzech Republic VSB-TUO OstravaCzech Republic

The war in Ukraine is unfortunately not over,to add insult to injury,Silicon Valley Bank collapses and Credit Suisse acquired by UBS under the Swiss emergency legislation.The merger of Credit Suisse with UBS,Switzerland’s biggest bank,has also raised concerns about the proliferation of more institutions deemed“too big to fail”.Through the study of four financial crises in the past 100 years,this paper believes that behind this potential financial crisis is still the real estate bubble,but the significant problems in the United States are the most worrying.Post-financial crisis recessions are costlier and last longer than normal recessions.When credit booms are superimposed with asset price bubbles,financial crises are highly likely and economic recovery will be slower.In this paper,relative data and regression model are used to analyze the causes of the crisis;further this paper discusses the reasons behind the financial crisis and related conjectures and gives relevant development speculations.

关键词： financial crisis real estate regression analysis

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A high-contrast imaging coronagraph for segmented-mirror large aperture telescopes using a spatial light modulator

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Astronomical Techniques and Instruments 2024年第3期1卷 166-170页

作者： Jiangpei Dou huanyu Dong Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210042China CAS Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&TechnologyNanjing 210042China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The primary mirrors of current and future large telescopes always employ a segmented mirror configuration.The small but non-negligible gaps between neighboring segments cause additional diffraction,which restricts the performance of high-contrast coronagraph.To solve this problem,we propose a coronagraph system based on a single liquid crystal spatial light modulator(SLM).This spatial light modulator is used for amplitude apodization,and its feasibility and potential performance are demonstrated using a laboratory setup using the stochastic parallel gradient descent(SPGD)algorithm to control the spatial light modulator,which is based on point spread function(PSF)sensing and evaluation and optimized for maximum contrast in the discovery working area as a merit function.The system delivers a contrast in the order of 10−6,and shows excellent potential to be used in current and future large aperture telescopes,both on the ground and in space.

关键词： Liquid crystal spatial light modulator Amplitude apodized pupil Large aperture telescopes

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Microwave shock motivating the Sr substitution of 2D porous GdFeO_(3) perovskite for highly active oxygen evolution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 232-241,I0006页

作者： Jinglin Xian Huiyu Jiang Zhiao Wu Huimin Yu Kaisi Liu Miao Fan Rong Hu Guangyu Fang Liyun Wei Jingyan Cai Weilin Xu huanyu Jin Jun Wan State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing&FinishingWuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200HubeiChina Future Industries Institute STEMUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5095Australia Institute for Sustainability Energy and ResourcesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

The incorporation of partial A-site substitution in perovskite oxides represents a promising strategy for precisely controlling the electronic configuration and enhancing its intrinsic catalytic activity.Conventional methods for A-site substitution typically involve prolonged high-temperature processes.While these processes promote the development of unique nanostructures with highly exposed active sites,they often result in the uncontrolled configuration of introduced elements.Herein,we present a novel approach for synthesizing two-dimensional(2D)porous GdFeO_(3) perovskite with A-site strontium(Sr)substitution utilizing microwave shock method.This technique enables precise control of the Sr content and simultaneous construction of 2D porous structures in one step,capitalizing on the advantages of rapid heating and cooling(temperature~1100 K,rate~70 K s^(-1)).The active sites of this oxygen-rich defect structure can be clearly revealed through the simulation of the electronic configuration and the comprehensive analysis of the crystal structure.For electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction application,the synthesized 2D porous Gd_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)FeO_(3) electrocatalyst exhibits an exceptional overpotential of 294 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)and a small Tafel slope of 55.85 mV dec^(-1)in alkaline electrolytes.This study offers a fresh perspective on designing crystal configurations and the construction of nanostructures in perovskite.

关键词： 2D materials Perovskite Microwave Electrocatalysis Oxygen evolution reaction

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Microwave-assisted exploration of the electron configuration-dependent electrocatalytic urea oxidation activity of 2D porous NiCo_(2)O_(4) spinel

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 226-235页

作者： Jun Wan Zhiao Wu Guangyu Fang Jinglin Xian Jiao Dai Jiayue Guo Qingxiang Li Yongfei You Kaisi Liu Huimin Yu Weilin Xu Huiyu Jiang Minggui Xia huanyu Jin State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing&FinishingWuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200HubeiChina Institute for Sustainability Energy and ResourcesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson Lakes CampusAdelaideSA 5095Australia

Urea holds promise as an alternative water-oxidation substrate in electrolytic cells.High-valence nickelbased spinel,especially after heteroatom doping,excels in urea oxidation reactions(UOR).However,traditional spinel synthesis methods with prolonged high-temperature reactions lack kinetic precision,hindering the balance between controlled doping and highly active two-dimensional(2D)porous structures design.This significantly impedes the identification of electron configuration-dependent active sites in doped 2D nickel-based spinels.Herein,we present a microwave shock method for the preparation of 2D porous NiCo_(2)O_(4)spinel.Utilizing the transient on-off property of microwave pulses for precise heteroatom doping and 2D porous structural design,non-metal doping(boron,phosphorus,and sulfur)with distinct extranuclear electron disparities serves as straightforward examples for investigation.Precise tuning of lattice parameter reveals the impact of covalent bond strength on NiCo_(2)O_(4)structural stability.The introduced defect levels induce unpaired d-electrons in transition metals,enhancing the adsorption of electron-donating amino groups in urea molecules.Simultaneously,Bode plots confirm the impact mechanism of rapid electron migration caused by reduced band gaps on UOR activity.The prepared phosphorus-doped 2D porous NiCo_(2)O_(4),with optimal electron configuration control,outperforms most reported spinels.This controlled modification strategy advances understanding theoretical structure-activity mechanisms of high-performance 2D spinels in UOR.

关键词： 2D materials Spinel Microwave Electrocatalysis Urea oxidation reaction

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中国传统安全研究十年进展

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国际安全研究 2024年第2期42卷 96-118,165页

作者：左希迎姚寰宇中国人民大学国际关系学院北京100872

总体国家安全观提出十年来,中国的传统安全研究取得了显著进步。从研究议题看,中国的传统安全研究主要聚焦地区冲突,领土争端,联盟政治与伙伴关系,核安全、太空战略与网络安全,安全秩序等重要议题。在理论研究上,中国传统安全研究在宏... 详细信息

总体国家安全观提出十年来,中国的传统安全研究取得了显著进步。从研究议题看,中国的传统安全研究主要聚焦地区冲突,领土争端,联盟政治与伙伴关系,核安全、太空战略与网络安全,安全秩序等重要议题。在理论研究上,中国传统安全研究在宏观理论和中层理论方面都有大的提升。总的来看,中国传统安全研究在过去十年研究水平和国际化水平不断提升,中国学者发展了一些安全理论,在国际学术界产生了重要影响。在研究方法、人才梯队和学术共同体建设上,中国传统安全研究也取得了进步。不过,中国传统安全研究也面临着一些挑战:一方面,目前理论创新仍落后于中国的外交实践,难以满足构建中国自主知识体系的要求;另一方面,中国传统安全研究也面临学科碎片化和产出泡沫化的问题。展望未来,中国传统安全研究需紧扣中国和世界面临的重大战略问题,重视对中国经验的提炼和总结,通过基础理论创新为中华民族伟大复兴提供智力支撑。

关键词：总体国家安全观传统安全研究自主知识体系战争与冲突

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A perspective on therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:can disease progression be curbed?

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第3期10卷 367-384页

作者： Xiaojiao Xu Dingding Shen Yining Gao Qinming Zhou You Ni huanyu meng Hongqin Shi Weidong Le Shengdi Chen Sheng Chen School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Department of Neurology Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200020China Department of Neurology Xinrui HospitalWuxi 214028China Institute of Neurology Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences-Sichuan Provincial HospitalChengdu 610031China Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases the First Affiliated HospitalDalian Medical UniversityDalian 116021China

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving both upper and lower motor neurons,leading to paralysis and eventually death.Symptomatic treatments such as inhibition of salivation,alleviation of muscle cramps,and relief of spasticity and pain still play an important role in enhancing the quality of life.To date,riluzole and edaravone are the only two drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of ALS in a few countries.While there is adequate consensus on the modest efficacy of riluzole,there are still open questions concerning the efficacy of edaravone in slowing the disease progression.Therefore,identification of novel therapeutic strategies is urgently needed.Impaired autophagic process plays a critical role in ALS pathogenesis.In this review,we focus on therapies modulating autophagy in the context of ALS.Furthermore,stem cell therapies,gene therapies,and newly-developed biomaterials have great potentials in alleviating neurodegeneration,which might halt the disease progression.In this review,we will summarize the current and prospective therapies for ALS.

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Motor neurons Autophagy Stem cells Gene editing

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