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Physical mechanism of the rapid increase in intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves in the Northern Hemisphere since 1980

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2103-2121页

作者： Yuqing wang Wen ZHOU Chunzai wang Key Laboratory of Polar Atmosphere-ocean-ice System for Weather and Climate of the MOE Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Key Laboratory for Polar Science of the MNR Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 201209China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Global Ocean and Climate Research Center South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China

Since 1980,both the intensity and duration of summer heatwaves in the middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere have significantly increased,leading this region to become a critical area for a significant increase in the frequency of intense and long-lived extreme *** found that stronger and more persistent high-pressure systems and lower soil moisture before the events were the main drivers of intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves in western Europe and the middle and high latitudes of North ***,in eastern Europe and Siberia,lower cloud cover before events is also a main driver of this type of extreme heatwave,in addition to the above *** factors are coupled with each other and can change heatwave intensity and duration by influencing surface radiation processes during *** the self-organizing map classification method,we found that 6 weather patterns with increased frequency,intensity,and duration were the main dynamic reasons leading to the increase in intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves after *** addition,the decrease in summer average soil moisture in most areas of the mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and the decrease in average cloud cover in eastern Europe and Siberia are found to be the main thermodynamic reasons leading to the increase in these extreme heatwaves.

关键词： High intensity Long duration Extreme heatwaves High pressure system Soil moisture Cloud cover

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工艺参数对频率选择表面传输特性试验研究

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北京航空航天大学学报 2006年第6期32卷 713-715页

作者：吕明云王焕青武哲北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院北京100083

制造加工曲面频率选择表面FSS(Frequency Selective Surface)的工艺参数不同会产生FSS中心谐振频率漂移以及传输系数降低.以有限大平板FSS试件为基础,利用矢量网络分析仪PNA 8363B组成的测试系统,研究了在相同条件下加工工艺、FSS附加... 详细信息

制造加工曲面频率选择表面FSS(Frequency Selective Surface)的工艺参数不同会产生FSS中心谐振频率漂移以及传输系数降低.以有限大平板FSS试件为基础,利用矢量网络分析仪PNA 8363B组成的测试系统,研究了在相同条件下加工工艺、FSS附加导电层以及FSS表面电阻率对有限大平板FSS传输性能的影响规律.结果表明,不同加工方法使得平板FSS的中心谐振频率产生漂移,该差异可能是FSS单元边缘毛刺影响的结果,该影响对FSS在各种入射角条件下的传输损耗等性能也略有影响;导电层表面电阻率对FSS的传输系数有较大影响,方块电阻越大传输系数越低,且FSS中心谐振频率也有差异;附加导电层对FSS传输特性的影响不大.

关键词：频率选择表面传输特性工艺参数试验测试

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Pushing the boundaries: an interview with Dae-Hyun Kim on terahertz devices

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 42-45页

作者： Defu wang the Center for Carbon-based Electronics School of Electronics Peking University

Ⅲ–Ⅴ compound semiconductors, such as InGaAs/InAlAs, exhibit exceptional carrier transport properties, establishing them as fundamental elements in terahertz(THz) applications crucial for the development of 6G netwo...

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Evolution of artificial ion channels

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 72-73页

作者： Yugang wang School of Physics Peking University

Protein ion channels on a cell membrane generate action potentials for cellular signal transduction, and regulate biological activities during life. Since the discovery of the asymmetric ion transport phenomenon in quartz nanopipettes by Bard and colleagues [1], synthetic nanofluidic materials and devices have attracted a lot of research interests from the scientific community,

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Stereoselective recognition of morphine enantiomers by μ-opioid receptor

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 183-191页

作者： Yibo wang Van A.Ngo Xiaohui wang Laboratory of Chemical Biology Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Advanced Computing for Life Sciences and Engineering Group Science Engagement Section National Center for Computational Sciences Oak Ridge National Lab School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences

Stereospecific recognition of chiral molecules plays a crucial role in biological systems. The μ-opioid receptor（MOR） exhibits binding affinity towards（-）-morphine, a well-established gold standard in pain management, while it shows minimal binding affinity for the（+）-morphine enantiomer, resulting in a lack of analgesic activity. Understanding how MOR stereoselectively recognizes morphine enantiomers has remained a puzzle in neuroscience and pharmacology for over half-a-century due to the lack of direct observation techniques. To unravel this mystery, we constructed the binding and unbinding processes of morphine enantiomers with MOR via molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the thermodynamics and kinetics governing MOR's stereoselective recognition of morphine enantiomers. Our findings reveal that the binding of（-）-morphine stabilizes MOR in its activated state, exhibiting a deep energy well and a prolonged residence time. In contrast,（+）-morphine fails to sustain the activation state of ***, the results suggest that specific residues, namely D1142.50and D1473.32, are deprotonated in the active state of MOR bound to（-）-morphine. This work highlights that the selectivity in molecular recognition goes beyond binding affinities, extending into the realm of residence time.

关键词： stereoselective recognition thermodynamics and kinetics residence time morphine enantiomers μ-opioid receptor

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Adaptive Optimal Discrete-Time Output-Feedback Using an Internal Model Principle and Adaptive Dynamic Programming

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 131-140页

作者： Zhongyang wang Youqing wang Zdzisław Kowalczuk the College of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China IEEE the Department of Robotics and Decision Systems Faculty of ElectronicsTelecommunications and InformaticsGdańsk University of TechnologyGdansk 80-233Poland

In order to address the output feedback issue for linear discrete-time systems, this work suggests a brand-new adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) technique based on the internal model principle(IMP). The proposed method, termed as IMP-ADP, does not require complete state feedback-merely the measurement of input and output data. More specifically, based on the IMP, the output control problem can first be converted into a stabilization problem. We then design an observer to reproduce the full state of the system by measuring the inputs and outputs. Moreover, this technique includes both a policy iteration algorithm and a value iteration algorithm to determine the optimal feedback gain without using a dynamic system model. It is important that with this concept one does not need to solve the regulator equation. Finally, this control method was tested on an inverter system of grid-connected LCLs to demonstrate that the proposed method provides the desired performance in terms of both tracking and disturbance rejection.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) internal model principle(IMP) output feedback problem policy iteration(PI) value iteration(VI)

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A synergetic strategy of NIR-Ⅱ squaraine dyes with ultrahigh photothermal conversion efficiency for photothermal therapy

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 612-621页

作者： Yigang wang Guomin Xia Junhui wang Mingda wang Weihan Guo Manman Tan Leilei Si Yang Yang Hua wang Hongming wang Institute for Advanced Study and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023China The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang330031China

Recent research on photothermal therapy(PTT) has sparked significant interest in the development of new organic photothermal agents(PTAs),ranging from single-molecule to aggregated ***,controlling aggregation pathways for PTAs with ultrahigh photothermal conversion efficiency(PCE) remains a major ***,a two-pronged approach utilizing “Haggregation” and “intramolecular motion” was employed to enhance the PCE of an acceptor-substituted squaraine dye(NSQs).The C2vmolecular symmetry of the NSQs,which possess a ground state dipole moment(μg),promotes H-dimeric aggregates through dipole-dipole *** triphenylethylene or diphenylamine groups were added to this H-dimeric *** was done to enhance intramolecular motions for heat generation and also to extend conjugation,which redshifted the optical absorption and balanced the blue-shift induced by *** this technique,an organic PTA with NIR-II absorption was developed,and its nanoparticle achieved a remarkable PCE of 86.3% under 1,064 nm laser *** transient absorption spectroscopy and quantum mechanical calculations demonstrated the accelerated internal conversion process in NIR-II PTAs for rapid heat *** NSQs nanoparticles exhibit superior photothermal therapeutic properties for in vivo photoacoustic imaging-guided PTT,demonstrating the potential of bottom-up design to enable synergistic engineering strategies towards efficient phototheranostic agents.

关键词： squaraine dyes second near-infrared window H-aggregation intramolecular motion photothermal therapy

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基于数字图像相关法的空间目标位姿测量

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光学学报 2022年第8期42卷 121-129页

作者：王永红朱奕磊高启学王欢庆合肥工业大学仪器科学与光电工程学院安徽合肥230009 合肥工业大学测量理论与精密仪器安徽省重点实验室安徽合肥230009

针对传统立体视觉位姿测量方法中必须事先确定计算点的数量和位置的局限性,提出了一种基于三维数字图像相关法(3D-DIC)的空间目标位姿测量方法。该方法通过3D-DIC获得被测物不同时刻的全场坐标信息,根据提取的相应计算点坐标,结合空间... 详细信息

针对传统立体视觉位姿测量方法中必须事先确定计算点的数量和位置的局限性,提出了一种基于三维数字图像相关法(3D-DIC)的空间目标位姿测量方法。该方法通过3D-DIC获得被测物不同时刻的全场坐标信息,根据提取的相应计算点坐标,结合空间向量求解空间目标的位姿参数。该方法可灵活选取计算点的数量和位置,并相应提出了计算点数量最优比条件。通过位移旋转台和六自由度平台分别对复杂形貌特征的面具试样进行了多位姿参数测量的实验验证。实验结果表明,计算点数量满足最优比条件时位姿测量精度最高,计算点的位置对测量结果影响较小,六自由度平台的测量误差在允许范围之内。所提出的3D-DIC位姿测量方法可在较小的误差范围内实现对空间目标多个位姿参数的测量。

关键词：测量数字图像相关法空间向量计算点选取位姿参数计算

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Time-sensitive prediction of NO_(2) concentration in China using an ensemble machine learning model from multi-source data

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 30-40页

作者： Chenliang Tao Man Jia Guoqiang wang Yuqiang Zhang Qingzhu Zhang Xianfeng wang Qiao wang Wenxing wang Big Data Research Center for Ecology and Environment Environment Research InstituteShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Shandong Provincial Eco-environment Monitoring Center Jinan 250101China

Nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))poses a critical potential risk to environmental quality and public health.A reliable machine learning(ML)forecasting framework will be useful to provide valuable information to support government *** on the data from1609 air quality monitors across China from 2014-2020,this study designed an ensemble ML model by integrating multiple types of spatial-temporal variables and three sub-models for time-sensitive prediction over a wide *** ensemble ML model incorporates a residual connection to the gated recurrent unit(GRU)network and adopts the advantage of Transformer,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)and GRU with residual connection network,resulting in a 4.1%±1.0%lower root mean square error over XGBoost for the test *** ensemble model shows great prediction performance,with coefficient of determination of 0.91,0.86,and 0.77 for 1-hr,3-hr,and 24-hr averages for the test results,*** particular,this model has achieved excellent performance with low spatial uncertainty in Central,East,and North China,the major site-dense *** the interpretability analysis based on the Shapley value for different temporal resolutions,we found that the contribution of atmospheric chemical processes is more important for hourly predictions compared with the daily scale predictions,while the impact of meteorological conditions would be ever-prominent for the *** with existing models for different spatiotemporal scales,the present model can be implemented at any air quality monitoring station across China to facilitate achieving rapid and dependable forecast of NO_(2),which will help developing effective control policies.

关键词： Air quality prediction Deep learning Ensemble method Nitrogen dioxide Spatiotemporal covariates

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Recent advances in solving Li_(2)CO_(3) problems in garnet-based solid-state battery: A systematic review(2020-2023)

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 58-76,I0004页

作者： Shaoxiong Han Ziqi wang Yue Ma Yanlan Zhang Yongzhen wang Xiaomin wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024ShanxiChina Shanxi Joint Laboratory of Coal based Solid Waste Resource Utilization and Green Ecological Development Taiyuan 030024ShanxiChina

Garnet solid electrolytes are one of the most promising electrolytes for solid-state ***,Li_(2)CO_(3) is a critical issue that hinders the practical application of garnet-based solid-state lithium-ion *** are two sources of Li_(2)CO_(3) *** main one is the aging of garnet electrolytes in the *** electrolytes can react with H_(2)O and CO_(2) in the air to form Li_(2)CO_(3),which reduces ion conductivity,increases electrode/garnet electrolyte interface resistance,and deteriorates the electrochemical performance of the *** strategies,such as elemental doping,grain boundary manipulation,and interface engineering,have been suggested to address these *** other is the passivation layer(Li_(2)CO_(3),Li_3N,LiOH,Li_(2)O) formed on the surface of the lithium foil after long-term storage,which is ignored by most *** better understand the current strategies and future trends to address the Li_(2)CO_(3) problem,this perspective provides a systematic review of journals published in this field from 2020-2023.

关键词： Solid-state batteries Garnet electrolytes Air stability Interface engineering Lithium foil contamination

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