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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1990年第2期64卷 211-222页

作者： Duan Weiwu huang yongyang{2. marine Geological survey, ministry of geology and mineral resources,{2., guangdong Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing

Based essentially on research results of calcareous nannofossils, combined with some other microfossil da-ta and several secondary depositional breaks, this paper discusses the criteria of division and comparison of themiddle and late Tertiary marine sediments, palaeogeographical and palaeoenvironmental evolution andpalaeoclimates on the northern continental margin of the South China Sea, comprising the Tainan basin, PearlRiver Mouth basin. Southeast Hainan basin and Beibu Gulf basin. Study shows that the upper Oligocene toPliocene strata in the whole area consist essentially of marine sediments except in the Beibu Gulf basin. Theyinclude littoral. neritic and deltaic sediments as well as carbonate rock-bioherm limestone. The sea advancedfrom southeast to northwest. During the transgression there appeared three culminations coinciding to thestages of deposition of nannofossil zones NN4-5, NN11 and 13-15.

关键词： Middle and Late Tertiary Palaeogeography and Palaeoenvironment on the Northern Continental Margin of the South China Sea

Tertiary Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy in the North Part of the South China Sea

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1991年第3期65卷 321-338,343-344页

作者： Duan Weiwu and huang yongyang Gangzhou {2. Geological survey, ministry of geology and mineral resources, guangzhou Chang Zhijun and Sun Sheping guangzhou marine Geological {2. Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources Guangzhou

The marine Tertiary sequence in the north part of the South China Sea may be divided into 18 LateOligocene to Pliocene calcareous nannofossil zones and one unnamed Eocene assemblage based on an analysisof calcareous nannofossils from 40 offshore boreholes. The unnamed Eocene assemblage has been found onlyon the northeast margin of the Zhujiangkou basin. The 18 cakareous nannofossil zones of the Late Oligoceneto Pliocene were deposited in succession, but their development degrees are different. Among the 18 calcareousnannofossil zones, those corresponding to Martini's (1971) NN4- NN5 zones, NN11 zone and NN13-NN15zones are well developed, relatively persistent laterally and also widely distributed. They are the importantmarkers for the stratigraphical subdivision and correlation of the Upper Tertiary between the various basins inthe north part of the South China Sea. Based on the calcareous nannofossils and the sedimentsry features coup-led with the foraminifer zonation in certain basins, the present paper discusses the sedimentary characteristicsof the marine Tertiary and as well as the distribution and development of the sedimentary hiatus in the *** calcareous nannofossil markers for the Upper / Lower Tertiary and the Quaternary / Tertiary boundaries,and the characteristics and geological significance of the reworked calcareous nannofossils are also discussed inthe paper.

关键词： Tertiary Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy in the North Part of the South China Sea

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珠江口盆地海相上渐新统

海洋地质与第四纪地质 1988年第2期 47-52页

作者：段威武黄永样地质矿产部南海地质调查指挥部实验室

通过分析研究珠江口盆地若干钻井资料,发现珠江口盆地远岸地区发育了一套含超微化石Sphenolithus ciperoensis-Sphnolithus distentus的海相渐新世沉积,其中珠江口盆地东部西侧最为发育.除珠江口盆地外,在南海北部,海相上渐新统尚分布... 详细信息

通过分析研究珠江口盆地若干钻井资料,发现珠江口盆地远岸地区发育了一套含超微化石Sphenolithus ciperoensis-Sphnolithus distentus的海相渐新世沉积,其中珠江口盆地东部西侧最为发育.除珠江口盆地外,在南海北部,海相上渐新统尚分布于台湾西海岸及琼东南坳陷,其海相发育程度存在自东向西减弱的趋势.

关键词：珠江口盆地渐新统钙质超微化石海相沉积相晚渐新世海相地层

Microbial diversity in cold seep sediments from the northern South China Sea

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Geoscience Frontiers 2012年第3期3卷 301-316页

作者： Yong Zhang Xin Su Fang Chen Yuanyuan Wang Lu Jiao Hailiang Dong yongyang huang Hongchen Jiang State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Ocean Sciences China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China guangzhou marine {2. survey Guangzhou 510075China Department of geology Miami UniversityOxfordOH 45056USA Geomicrobiology Laboratory Science InstituteChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

South China Sea （SCS） is the largest Western Pacific marginal sea. However, microbial studies have never been performed in the cold seep sediments in the SCS. In 2.04, ＂SONNE＂ 177 cruise found two cold seep areas with different water depth in the northern SCS. Haiyang 4 area, where the water depth is around 3000 m, has already been confirmed for active seeping on the seafloor, such as microbial mats, authigenic carbonate crusts and bivalves. We investigated microbial abundance and diver- sity in a 5.55-m sediment core collected from this cold seep area. An integrated approach was employed including geochemistry and 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analyses. Here, we show that microbial abun- dance and diversity along with geochemistry profiles of the sediment core revealed a coupled reaction between sulphate reduction and methane oxidation. Acridine orange direct count results showed that microbial abundance ranges from 105 to 106 cells/g sediment （wet weight）. The depth-related variation of the abundance showed the same trend as the methane concentration profile. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the presence of sulphate-reducing bacteria and anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea. The diver- sity was much higher at the surface, but decreased sharply with depth in response to changes in the geochemical conditions of the sediments, such as methane, sulphate concentration and total organic carbon. marine Benthic Group B, Chloroflexi and JS1 were predominant phylotypes of the archaeal and bacterial libraries, respectively.

关键词： 16S rRNA Microbial diversity Cold seep marine sediments Northern South China Sea

Tectonic unit divisions based on block tectonics theory in the South China Sea and its adjacent areas

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第9期40卷 33-42页

作者： Zhengxin Yin Zhourong Cai Cheng Zhang Xiaofeng huang Qianru huang Liang Chen South China Sea marine survey and Technology Center State Oceanic AdministrationGuangzhou 510275China School of marine Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of marine Environmental survey Technology and Application Ministry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510275China

Identifying distinct tectonic units is key to understanding the geotectonic framework and distribution law of oil and gas *** South China Sea and its adjacent areas have undergone complex tectonic evolution processes,and the division of tectonic units is *** by block tectonics theory,this study divide the South China Sea and its adjacent areas into several distinguished tectonic units relying on known boundary markers such as sutures(ophiolite belts),subduction-collision zones,orogenic belts,and deep *** work suggests that the study area is occupied by nine stable blocks(West Burma Block,Sibumasu Block,LanpingSimao Block,Indochina Block,Yangtze Block,Cathaysian Block,Qiongnan Block,Nansha Block,and Northwest Sulu Block),two suture zones(Majiang suture zone and Southeast Yangtze suture zone),two accretionary zones(Sarawak-Sulu accretionary zone and East Sulawesi accretionary zone),one subduction-collision zone(RakhineJava-Timor subduction-collision zone),one ramp zone(Philippine islands ramp zone),and six small oceanic marginal sea basins(South China Sea Basin,Sulu Sea Basin,Sulawesi Sea Basin,Banda Sea Basin,Makassar Basin,and Andaman Sea Basin).This division reflects the tectonic activities,crustal structural properties,and evolutionary records of each evaluated tectonic *** is of great theoretical and practical importance to understand the tectonic framework to support the exploration of oil and gas resources in the South China Sea and its adjacent areas.

关键词： South China Sea block tectonics tectonic units suture zone

Facies character and geochemical signature in the late Quaternary meteoric diagenetic carbonate succession at the Xisha Islands,South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第3期40卷 94-111页

作者： Wanli Chen Xiaoxia huang Shiguo Wu Gang Liu Haotian Wei Jiaqing Wu Laboratory of marine Geophysics and Georesources Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringSanya 572000China Laboratory for marine geology Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266034China University of China Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Earth and Environmental Science University of PotsdamPotsdam 14476Germany Institute of marine geology {2. Bureau of Hainan Marine Geology SurveyHaikou 570206China Key Laboratory of marine Geological resources and Environment of Hainan Province Marine Geological Survey Institute of Hainan ProvinceHaikou 570206China College of marine Geosciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

The late Quaternary shallow-water carbonates have been altered by a variety of diagenetic processes,and further influenced by high-amplitude global and regional sea level *** study utilizes a new borehole drilled on the Yongxing Island,Xisha Islands to investigate meteoric diagenetic alteration in the late Quaternary shallowwater ***,mineralogical,stable isotopic and elemental data provide new insights into the meteoric diagenetic processes of the reef *** results show the variation in the distribution of aragonite,high-Mg calcite(HMC)and low-Mg calcite(LMC)divides the shallow-water carbonates in Core SSZK1 into three intervals,which are UnitⅠ(31.2.-55.92.m,LMC),UnitⅡ(18.39-31.2. m,aragonite and LMC)and UnitⅢ(upper 18.39 m of core,aragonite,LMC and HMC).Various degrees of meteoric diagenesis exist in the identified three *** lowermost UnitⅠhas suffered almost complete freshwater diagenesis,whereas the overlying UnitsⅡandⅢhave undergone incompletely meteoric *** amount of time that limestone has been in the freshwater diagenetic environment has the largest impact on the degree of meteoric *** four intact facies/water depth cycles are *** cumulative depletion of elements such as strontium(Sr),sodium(Na)and sulphur(S)caused by duplicated meteoric diagenesis in the older reef sequences are distinguished from the younger reef *** study provides a new record of meteoric diagenesis,which is well reflected by whole-rock mineralogy and geochemistry.

关键词： shallow-water carbonates meteoric diagenesis elemental concentration facies cycles Xisha Islands late Quaternary

Crustal Structure of the Jurassic Quiet Zone in the West Pacific Ocean:Insights from 2. Multichannel Seismic Reflection Profiles

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中国海洋大学学报:英文版 2023年第5期22卷 1289-1299页

作者： YANG Xiaodong LIN Jingxue ZHANG Jinchang LUO Yiming ZHANG Xubo QIN Zhen huang Yanming CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyInnovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 511458China Southern marine Science and Engineering guangdong Laboratory({2.) Guangzhou 511458China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Science CAS-HECIslamabad 45320Pakistan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Chongqing Institute of Geological survey Chongqing 401122China Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas resources Ministry of EducationYangtze UniversityWuhan 430100China

The Jurassic oceanic crust is the oldest existing oceanic crust on earth,and although distributed sparsely,carries essential information about the earth's *** area around the Pigafetta Basin in the west Pacific Ocean(also known as the Jurassic Quiet Zone,JQZ)is one of a few areas where the Jurassic oceanic crust is *** study takes full advantage of high-resolution multichannel seismic reflection profiles in combination with bathymetry,magnetic,and gravity data from the JQZ to examine the structure,deformation,and morphology of the Jurassic oceanic *** results show the following insights:1)The Moho lies at 2.3 s in two-way travel time beneath the seafloor with the segmented *** gaps between the Moho segments well correspond to the seamounts on the seafloor,suggesting the upward migration of magma from the mantle has interrupted the pre-existing Moho.2.The oceanic crust is predominantly deformed by crustal-scale thrust faults,normal faults cutting through the top of basement,and vertical seismic disturbance zones in association with migration of thermal *** thrust faults are locally found and interpreted as the results of tectonic inversion.3)Seafloor morphology in the JQZ is characterized by fault scarps,fold scarps,seamounts,and small hills,indicating the occurrence of active faults.4)The oceanic crust in the JQZ and East Pacific Rise has many structural and geometrical variations,such as the thickness of sediments,seafloor topography,basement morphology,fault size and type.

关键词： Jurassic oceanic crust crustal structure Moho fault sedimentary deformation

Dissociation of gas hydrates by hydrocarbon migration and accumulation-derived slope failures:An example from the South China Sea

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 295-310页

作者： Zhi-Feng Wan Wei Zhang Chong Ma Jin-Qiang Liang Ang Li Da-Jiang Meng Wei huang Cheng-Zhi Yang Jin-Feng Zhang Yue-Feng Sun School of marine Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Gas Hydrate Engineering Technology Center Guangzhou Marine Geological SurveyChina Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510075China Southern marine Science and Engineering guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China School of Mathematics and Physics China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China Qingdao Institute of marine geology Qingdao 266071China Department of geology&Geophysics Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station 77843-3115United States

The mechanism of slope failure associated with overpressure that is caused by hydrocarbon migration and accumulation remains ***-resolution seismic data and gas hydrate drilling data collected from the Shenhu gas hydrate field(site SH5)offer a valuable opportunity to study the relations between submarine slope failure and hydrocarbon accumulation and flow that is associated with a~2.kmdiameter gas chimney developed beneath site SH5 where none gas hydrates had been recovered by drilling and sampling despite the presence of distinct bottom simulating reflectors(BSRs)and favorable gas hydrate *** mechanism of submarine slope failure resulted from buoyancy extrusion and seepage-derived deformation which were caused by overpressure from a~1100 m-high gas column in a gas chimney was studied via numerical ***~9.55 MPa overpressure caused by hydrocarbons that migrated through the gas chimney and then accumulated beneath subsurface gas hydratebearing impermeable *** may have resulted in a submarine slope failure,which disequilibrated the gas hydrate-bearing zone and completely decomposed the gas hydrate once precipitated at site *** the gas hydrate decomposition,the largely impermeable sediments overlying the gas chimney may have undergone a major upward deformation due to the buoyancy extrusion of the overpressure in the gas chimney,and slope failure was initiated from plastic strain of the sediments and reduced internal *** failure subsequently resulted in partial gas hydrate decomposition and sediment permeability *** pressurized gas in the gas chimney may have diffused into the overlying sediments controlled by seepage-derived deformation,causing an effective stress reduction at the base of the sediments and significant plastic *** may have formed a new cycle of submarine slope failure and finally the total gas hydrate *** modeling results of buoyancy extrusion and seepage-deri

关键词： Natural gas hydrate Submarine slope failure Gas chimney Buoyancy extrusion Seepage-derived deformation Shenhu area Northern South China Sea

Diapir structure and its constraint on gas hydrate accumulation in the Makran accretionary prism, offshore Pakistan

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China geology 2020年第4期3卷 611-622页

作者： Zhen Zhang Gao-wen He Hui-qiang Yao Xi-guang Deng Miao Yu Wei huang Wei Deng Syed Waseem Haider Naimatullah Sohoo Noor Ahmed Kalhoro ministry of Natural resources Key Laboratory of {2. mineral resources Guangzhou Marine Geological SurveyChina Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510760China Southern marine Science and Engineering guangdong Laboratory({2.) Guangzhou 511458China National Institute of Oceanography Karachi 75600Pakistan

The Makran accretionary prism is located at the junction of the Eurasian Plate,Arabian Plate and Indian Plate and is rich in natural gas hydrate(NGH)*** consists of a narrow continental shelf,a broad continental slope,and a deformation *** continental slope can be further divided into the upper slope,middle slope,and lower *** are three types of diapir structure in the accretionary prism,namely mud diapir,mud volcano,and gas chimney.(1)The mud diapirs can be grouped into two types,namely the ones with low arching amplitude and weak-medium activity energy and the ones with high arching amplitude and medium-strong activity *** mud diapirs increase from offshore areas towards onshore areas in general,while the ones favorable for the formation of NGH are mainly distributed on the middle slope in the central and western parts of the accretionary prism.(2.The mud volcanoes are mainly concentrated along the anticline ridges in the southern part of the lower slope and the deformation front.(3)The gas chimneys can be grouped into three types,which are located in piggyback basins,active anticline ridges,and inactive anticline ridges,*** are mainly distributed on the middle slope in the central and western parts of the accretionary prism and most of them are accompanied with thrust *** gas chimneys located at different tectonic locations started to be active at different time and pierced different *** mud diapirs,mud volcanoes,and gas chimneys and thrust faults serve as the main pathways of gas migration,and thus are the important factors that control the formation,accumulation,and distribution of NGH in the Makran accretionary *** diapir/gas chimney type hydrate develop in the middle slope,mud volcano type hydrate develop in the southern lower slope and the deformation front,and stepped accretionary prism type hydrate develop on the central and northern lower *** middle slope,lower slope and deformation f

关键词： Natural gas hydrate Mud diapir Mud volcano Gas chimney Makran accretionary prism marine geological survey engineering Offshore Pakistan

深地震反射剖面揭露青藏高原陆-陆碰撞与地壳生长的深部过程

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地学前缘 2021年第5期28卷 320-336页

作者： GAO Rui ZHOU Hui GUO Xiaoyu LU Zhanwu LI Wenhui WANG Haiyan LI Hongqiang XIONG Xiaosong huang Xingfu XU Xiao School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037China School of Earth Exploration Science and Technology Jilin UniversityChangchun 130026China College of Earth Sciences Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China

印度板块与亚洲板块的碰撞使喜马拉雅-青藏高原隆升,地壳增厚和生长扩展。探测青藏高原深部结构,揭露两个大陆如何碰撞,碰撞如何使大陆变形的过程,是全球关切的科学奥秘。深地震反射剖面探测是打开这个科学奥秘的最有效途径之一。2.多年... 详细信息

印度板块与亚洲板块的碰撞使喜马拉雅-青藏高原隆升,地壳增厚和生长扩展。探测青藏高原深部结构,揭露两个大陆如何碰撞,碰撞如何使大陆变形的过程,是全球关切的科学奥秘。深地震反射剖面探测是打开这个科学奥秘的最有效途径之一。2.多年来,运用这项高技术探测到青藏高原巨厚地壳的精细结构,攻克了难以得到下地壳和Moho清晰结构的技术瓶颈,揭露了陆陆碰撞过程。本文在探测研究成果基础上,从青藏高原南北东西对比,再到高原腹地,系统地综述了青藏高原之下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞俯冲的深部行为。印度地壳在高原南缘俯冲在喜马拉雅造山带之下,亚洲板块的阿拉善地块岩石圈在北缘向祁连山下俯冲,祁连山地壳向外扩展,塔里木地块与高原西缘的西昆仑发生面对面的碰撞,在高原东缘发现龙日坝断裂而不是龙门山断裂是扬子板块的西缘边界,高原腹地Moho薄而平坦,岩石圈伸展垮塌。多条深反射剖面揭露了在雅鲁藏布江缝合带下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞的行为,印度地壳不仅沿雅鲁藏布江缝合带存在由西向东的俯冲角度变化,而且其向北行进到拉萨地体内部的位置也不同。在缝合带中部,显示印度地壳上地壳与下地壳拆离,上地壳向北仰冲,下地壳向北俯冲,并在俯冲过程发生物质的回返与构造叠置,使印度地壳减薄,喜马拉雅地壳加厚。俯冲印度地壳前缘与亚洲地壳碰撞后沉入地幔,处于亚洲板块前缘的冈底斯岩基与特提斯喜马拉雅近于直立碰撞,冈底斯下地壳呈部分熔融状态,近乎透明的弱反射和局部出现的亮点反射,以及近于平的Moho都反映出亚洲板块南缘的伸展构造环境。

关键词：喜马拉雅-青藏高原陆陆碰撞大陆俯冲深部过程深地震反射剖面