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精神障碍患者麻醉知情同意的临床伦理分析

协和医学杂志 2023年第2期14卷 437-441页

作者：黄明涛刘永潇莫楠福建医科大学卫生管理学院福州350004 福建医科大学医学人文研究中心福州350004 宁德师范学院附属宁德市医院麻醉科福建宁德352100 福建医科大学附属第一医院麻醉科福州350005 福建医科大学马克思主义学院福州350004

在临床实践中,麻醉技术的知情同意仍是麻醉学科的独特领域,但麻醉科医生轻视精神障碍患者的知情同意成为临床工作的薄弱环节。在人类原始道德本能的加持下,基于对精神障碍患者同情的道德关怀,代理同意被认为有利于患者,但现实中存在多... 详细信息

在临床实践中,麻醉技术的知情同意仍是麻醉学科的独特领域,但麻醉科医生轻视精神障碍患者的知情同意成为临床工作的薄弱环节。在人类原始道德本能的加持下,基于对精神障碍患者同情的道德关怀,代理同意被认为有利于患者,但现实中存在多种因素制约患者在麻醉知情同意上享有权利。在医患共同决策医学模式下,应尽可能让轻症精神障碍患者参与知情同意过程,其提供信息的深度和广度取决于患者的自知力。获取精神障碍患者麻醉知情同意的路径尚待优化,可通过多学科合作等多种方式,达到患者真正知情同意,保障精神障碍患者的合法权益。

关键词：知情同意麻醉知情同意书精神障碍患者患者自主权信息告知

Patterns, processes, and differentiation mechanisms of China's transition from old to new economic drivers

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第9期34卷 1697-1718页

作者： YAN mingtao ZHAO Jianji YAN Mingyue Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development Henan UniversityKaifeng 475001HenanChina Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization Jointly Built by Henan Province and Ministry of Education Henan UniversityKaifeng 475001HenanChina College of Cultural and Tourism Henan UniversityKaifeng 475001HenanChina

Transition from old to new economic drivers(TONED) is of great significance for optimizing economic structures. Using a combination of methods including entropy weight technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution, geospatial analysis, and optimal parameter geodetector, this study investigates the patterns and mechanisms of China's TONED in the prefecture-level cities from 2011 to 2020. The findings reveal that(1) the TONED exhibited a spatial distribution characterized by higher levels in the east and lower levels in the west, along with a pyramidal hierarchy of levels. The distribution of hot and cold spots roughly followed the Heihe-Yulin line.(2) The informatization levels, openness to the outside world, and urbanization played a dominant role in the TONED. The types of dual-factor interactions exhibited both dual-factor enhancement and non-linear enhancement effects.(3) The eastern and central regions were more likely to promote the TONED through enhanced informatization levels, whereas the western region relied more on increasing openness. This study finds that the TONED results from the combined effects of three geographical natures, each playing a distinct role. The recommendations provided can serve as a reference for China and other developing countries to implement the TONED in the context of deglobalization.

关键词： transition from old to new economic drivers pattern evolution differentiation mechanism geographical nature China

Etching-free pixel definition in InGaN green micro-LEDs

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1655-1665页

作者： Zhiyuan Liu Yi Lu Haicheng Cao Glen Isaac Maciel Garcia Tingang Liu Xiao Tang Na Xiao Raul Aguileta Vazquez mingtao Nong Xiaohang Li Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering ProgramCEMSE DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The traditional plasma etching process for defining micro-LED pixels could lead to significant sidewall *** near sidewall regions act as non-radiative recombination centers and paths for current leakage,significantly deteriorating device *** this study,we demonstrated a novel selective thermal oxidation(STO)method that allowed pixel definition without undergoing plasma damage and subsequent dielectric *** annealing in ambient air oxidized and reshaped the LED structure,such as p-layers and InGaN/GaN multiple quantum ***,the pixel areas beneath the pre-deposited SiO_(2)layer were selectively and effectively *** was demonstrated that prolonged thermal annealing time enhanced the insulating properties of the oxide,significantly reducing LED leakage ***,applying a thicker SiO_(2)protective layer minimized device resistance and boosted device efficiency *** the STO method,InGaN green micro-LED arrays with 50-,30-,and 10-μm pixel sizes were manufactured and *** results indicated that after 4 h of air annealing and with a 3.5-μm SiO_(2)protective layer,the 10-μm pixel array exhibited leakage currents density 1.2×10^(-6)A/cm^(2)at-10 V voltage and a peak on-wafer external quantum efficiency of~6.48%.This work suggests that the STO method could become an effective approach for future micro-LED manufacturing to mitigate adverse LED efficiency size effects due to the plasma etching and improve device ***-LEDs fabricated through the STO method can be applied to micro-displays,visible light communication,and optical interconnect-based *** planar pixel geometry will provide more possibilities for the monolithic integration of driving circuits with ***,the STO method is not limited to micro-LED fabrication and can be extended to design other III-nitride devices,such as photodetectors,laser diodes,high-electron-mobility transistors

关键词： annealing protective quantum

A universal strategy for the refined frameworks and improved performance of distinct commercial polyacrylonitriles in sulfur cathodes

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Science China Materials 2024年第9期67卷 2915-2924页

作者： Yikun Yi Feng Hai Wenting Chen Xin Gao Jingyu Guo Weicheng Xue mingtao Li Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile(SPAN)with the exceptional stability,safety,low cost,and high capacity have been positioned as a highly promising cathode material for next-generation lithium-ion ***,in the market,polyacrylonitrile(PAN)sourced from different suppliers and available at varying prices exhibits significant variations in physical and chemical properties,resulting in diverse behaviors in Li-SPAN *** studying the mechanism,we found that the PAN copolymerization structure leads to the stacking of chain segments which obstructs the embedding of sulfur and lithium ***,we propose a universal strategy for the refined frameworks by an exogenous additive to modify various PAN raw materials,and the battery capacity and cycling performance are obviously *** a result,the copolymerized SPAN with a poor original capacity is nearly doubled to over 500 mAh g^(-1),almost comparable to high-quality yet expensively imported products;for the sample with a high initial capacity but fading in ether-based electrolytes,it can be modified to maintain stability over 400 *** strategy offers an alternative approach for SPAN modification that is characterized by its simplicity and low cost,thereby facilitating the large-scale development of Li-SPAN batteries.

关键词： copolymerization structure universal strategy exogenous additive SPAN modification

我国国家治理能力研究热点与主题演进(2013—2019)

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重庆交通大学学报（社会科学版） 2020年第4期20卷 8-16页

作者：黄明涛黔南民族师范学院马克思主义学院贵州都匀558000

为全面了解我国内关于国家治理能力研究的热点、重点和演进态势,借助Citespace5.5 R2软件,分析最近7年来CNKI数据库中的813篇CSSCI文献,从年度发文情况、学科分布、发文的重要期刊、高产作者、高被引论文情况、内容版图和热点关键词聚... 详细信息

为全面了解我国内关于国家治理能力研究的热点、重点和演进态势,借助Citespace5.5 R2软件,分析最近7年来CNKI数据库中的813篇CSSCI文献,从年度发文情况、学科分布、发文的重要期刊、高产作者、高被引论文情况、内容版图和热点关键词聚类等方面全方位解读。研究发现,2013年底召开党的十八届三中全会,2014年文献出现爆发式增长,热点主题逐年变化,与时政紧密相关。未来国家治理能力研究应当关注四个方向。

关键词：国家治理能力国家治理体系中国共产党 Citespace

合法预期原则与审慎司法审查——从香港特区“免费电视牌照争议”谈起

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当代港澳研究 2015年第2期 73-96页

作者：黄明涛武汉大学法学院

香港特区的"免费电视牌照争议"以特区政府一审败诉暂告一段落。香港高等法院基于"合法预期原则"而行使司法复核权,将这一源自英国行政法的法律原则在香港落实和巩固,打开了将行政裁量权置于更严格司法审查之下的通道。合法预期原则——... 详细信息

香港特区的"免费电视牌照争议"以特区政府一审败诉暂告一段落。香港高等法院基于"合法预期原则"而行使司法复核权,将这一源自英国行政法的法律原则在香港落实和巩固,打开了将行政裁量权置于更严格司法审查之下的通道。合法预期原则——尤其是实体性合法预期——仍在持续发展演化中,在相对人合法预期的认定、行政机关背离预期之自由度的司法权衡,以及基于个案正义的司法救济手段等方面仍未最终定形。因此,"免费电视牌照争议"结束之后,香港行政法的判例法发展仍值得密切关注。从趋势来看,香港司法机关应当也将会基于本地独特的分权体制与管治现状,采行一种审慎的司法审查模式来处理有关合法预期的案件。

关键词： “免费电视牌照争议” 合法预期考夫兰案吴小彤案行政裁量权的司法审查

Design and test of the key components for a combing-type tobacco harvester

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 145-153页

作者： Chaoran Sun Shaohui Tan Songling Sun mingtao Xiao Limei Chen Wenke Ai Zhihua Qiu Ping Jiang Yang He School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Truking Technology Limited Ningxiang 410600HunanChina Construction of tobacco leaf production infrastructure of Hunan Province Company of China National Tobacco Corporation office Changsha 410009China

In response to the problems of low efficiency,high labor intensity,and low mechanization in manual tobacco harvesting,a comb-off tobacco picking device for southern hilly tobacco areas was designed following the agronomic requirements and the principle of manual picking of tobacco harvesting in southern *** device was composed of the power chassis,picking mechanism,and storage *** study involved the theoretical analysis,structural design,and modeling of the key components,such as chassis structure,combing-type picking mechanism,and power synchronization *** results of the motion analysis and calculation of the picking process demonstrated that the adjustment range of the comb chain elevation angles was from 12.4°to 20.9°,the comb rod installation distance was 76.2 mm,and the synchronizing mechanism transmission ratio was 3:***-factor test and three-factor three-level orthogonal test was performed with the forward speed of the chassis,the distance between the picking device baffles and the elevation angle of the chain with the combing bar as test factors,and the rate of broken and missed tobacco picking as evaluation *** was revealed that the optimal combination of the forward speed of the chassis,the distance between the baffles,and the chain elevation angle were 1.5 km/h,75 mm,and 12.4°,***,verification tests suggested that the breakage rate of tobacco leaves was 9.99%,and the probability of missed tobacco picking was 7.31%,both of which satisfy the agriculture requirements and the operational requirements in the agricultural machinery certification syllabus.

关键词： harvesting machinery leaf tobacco combing-type tiered harvest synchronizing mechanism

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我国基层社会治理研究综述

行政与法 2020年第5期 56-70页

作者：黄明涛黔南民族师范学院马克思主义学院贵州都匀558000

为全面展示国内学术界关于基层社会治理研究的热点、前沿和发展脉络,本文借助Citespace5.5 R2软件,对CNKI数据库中的937篇中文核心期刊和CSSCI文献(2006—2019年)进行研究,同时结合文献计量学研究方法,从年度发文分布情况、论文的学科... 详细信息

为全面展示国内学术界关于基层社会治理研究的热点、前沿和发展脉络,本文借助Citespace5.5 R2软件,对CNKI数据库中的937篇中文核心期刊和CSSCI文献(2006—2019年)进行研究,同时结合文献计量学研究方法,从年度发文分布情况、论文的学科分布、发文的重要期刊、发文作者分布、高被引论文情况、研究机构分布、关键词共现和内容版图解读等方面进行全方位分析。研究发现,以2013年11月召开的十八届三中全会为节点,从2014年起文献呈爆发式增长。研究热点主要围绕创新、社会治理创新、社会治理和基层社会治理四个核心关键词展开。通过对既有研究进行分析和总结,预测未来研究的发展趋势。

关键词：基层社会治理社会治理创新社会治理知识图谱 Citespace

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文化宪法建构中的"国家与文化之关系"

人大法律评论 2017年第1期 267-281页

作者：黄明涛武汉大学法学院武汉大学社会学系博士后流动站

文化宪法作为对宪法上文化条款做体系化解释的重要路径日益受到重视,但在如何处理'国家与文化之关系'这一问题上,理论界存有不同意见。'国家与文化之关系'的类型学说作为一组分析工具可以有一定的功用,但不可对其附加宪法规范的属性,尤... 详细信息

文化宪法作为对宪法上文化条款做体系化解释的重要路径日益受到重视,但在如何处理'国家与文化之关系'这一问题上,理论界存有不同意见。'国家与文化之关系'的类型学说作为一组分析工具可以有一定的功用,但不可对其附加宪法规范的属性,尤其在处理经历过巨大变迁的八二宪法时,这一分析工具更不宜成为文化宪法之理论建构的先入之见,应当回归到以宪法第47条之文化权条款为中心的路径,寻求一套有关文化宪法的融贯论述。

关键词：文化宪法国家与文化之关系国家对文化之基本态度文化权