检索结果-南通市图书馆

An investigation into the three-dimensional cloud structure over East Asia from the CALIPSO-GOCCP Data

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第12期58卷 2236-2248页

作者： YIN JinFang WANG DongHai xu huanbin ZHAI GuoQing State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology Department of Earth Science Zhejiang University

The spatial distribution of clouds and their seasonal variations, and the three-dimensional(3D) cloud structures over East Asia have been analyzed with the CALIPSO-GOCCP data during the period from 2007 to 2012. The results show that there is a large cloud fraction greater than 0.7 over southern China, and the largest cloud fraction appears in southwest China. Besides, a large cloud fraction occurs over the southeast of the Tibetan Plateau. The total and high cloud fractions show notable variations with seasons, while the middle and low cloud fractions vary a little. As for cloud vertical structure, significant differences of the cloud vertical distributions are observed between over land and ocean. Cloud fractions and the height of the maximum cloud fractions decline gradually with the increasing latitude, except for the vertical-latitude profiles over the Tibetan Plateau regions. The longitude-vertical cross sections show similar patterns from the longitude 70° E to 140° E, except the profiles with large cloud fractions over the Tibetan Plateau. From the horizontal distribution patterns and vertical structures of the clouds over East Asia, it is concluded that the huge terrain of the Tibetan Plateau has significant impacts on the cloud formation over the Tibetan Plateau region and the areas to the east. At last, the clouds from the CALIPSO-GOCCP observations are compared to those from the ERA-Interim reanalysis data. The results indicate that the ERA-Interim reanalysis data provide reasonable spatial distribution patterns and the vertical structures in terms of the total cloud fraction over East Asia. However, the total cloud fraction was underestimated about 20% by the ERA-Interim reanalysis data over most parts of East Asia, especially over the neighboring areas east of the Tibetan Plateau. Additionally, the ERA-interim reanalysis data overestimate the cloud fractions at each level in the vertical direction.

关键词： CALIPSO cloud fraction cloud three-dimension structure ERA-interim reanalysis data

A Modified Double-Moment Bulk Microphysics Scheme Geared toward the East Asian Monsoon Region

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第9期39卷 1451-1471页

作者： Jinfang YIN Donghai WANG Guoqing ZHAI Hong WANG huanbin xu Chongjian LIU State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(LaSW) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China School of Earth Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai 519082China Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological Administration(CMA)Guangzhou 510080China

Representation of cloud microphysical processes is one of the key aspects of numerical *** improved double-moment bulk cloud microphysics scheme(named IMY)was created based on the standard Milbrandt-Yau(MY)scheme in the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model for the East Asian monsoon region(EAMR).In the IMY scheme,the shape parameters of raindrops,snow particles,and cloud droplet size distributions are variables instead of fixed ***,the shape parameters of raindrop and snow size distributions are diagnosed from their respective shape-slope *** shape parameter for the cloud droplet size distribution depends on the total cloud droplet number *** addition,a series of minor improvements involving detailed cloud processes have also been *** improved scheme was coupled into the WRF model and tested on two heavy rainfall cases over the *** IMY scheme is shown to reproduce the overall spatial distribution of rainfall and its temporal evolution,evidenced by comparing the modeled results with surface gauge *** simulations also successfully capture the cloud features by using satellite and ground-based radar observations as a *** IMY has yielded simulation results on the case studies that were comparable,and in ways superior to MY,indicating that the improved scheme shows *** the simulations demonstrated a positive performance evaluation for the IMY scheme,continued experiments are required to further validate the scheme with different weather events.

关键词： cloud and precipitation cloud microphysical processes double-moment microphysics scheme East Asia monsoon region(EAMR)

Bone marrow and the control of immunity

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2012年第1期9卷 11-19页

作者： Ende Zhao huanbin xu Lin Wang Ilona Kryczek Ke Wu Yu Hu Guobin Wang Weiping Zou Department of Surgery University of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA Union Hospital Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of MedicineWuhanChina Tulane National Primate Research Center Tulane University School of MedicineCovingtonLAUSA Graduate Program in Immunology University of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA Graduate Program in Biology University of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA

Bone marrow is thought to be a primary hematopoietic organ. However, accumulated evidences demonstrate that active function and trafficking of immune cells, including regulatory T cells, conventional T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, natural killer T (NKT) cells, neutrophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and mesenchymal stem cells, are observed in the bone marrow. Furthermore, bone marrow is a predetermined metastatic location for multiple human tumors. In this review, we discuss the immune network in the bone marrow. We suggest that bone marrow is an immune regulatory organ capable of fine tuning immunity and may be a potential therapeutic target for immunotherapy and immune vaccination.

关键词： bone marrow immunity memoryTcell regulatoryTcell tumor

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

强对流云中“穴道”的物理含义和应用

应用气象学报 2008年第3期19卷 372-379页

作者：许焕斌田利庆北京应用气象研究所北京100029 中国科学院大气物理研究所北京100029

自提出在冰雹云中存在"穴道"-"零域"结构以来,已有一批相关模拟和观测研究论文发表,进一步深化了对这一现象的理解,同时在探讨和应用中也显现出一些问题或疑问:如"穴道"-"零域"结构存在的条件,阵雨性对流云中是否也有类似结构,前人的研... 详细信息

自提出在冰雹云中存在"穴道"-"零域"结构以来,已有一批相关模拟和观测研究论文发表,进一步深化了对这一现象的理解,同时在探讨和应用中也显现出一些问题或疑问:如"穴道"-"零域"结构存在的条件,阵雨性对流云中是否也有类似结构,前人的研究中为何未明确指出这种结构,在应用中如何判识"穴道"-"零域"等。该文以观测实例和数值模拟作了回答,并系统地探讨了"穴道"-"零域"的物理意义和应用要领,明确了以下几点:从本质上来看"穴道"-"零域"具有的功能是云中宏、微观运动量场之间相互作用的表现;强对流云中一些特殊的雷达回波结构,如有界弱回波区(BWER)、无界弱回波区(WER)或悬挂回波(OE),则是这种相互作用的产物;只有在云中的气流速度与粒子的末速大小相当时,这种相互作用才起重要作用,粒子的末速比气流的速度过大或过小,其作用反映弱;对"穴道"-"零域"物理含义的探讨可深化对雷达产品的动力及物理意义的认识,这对于在灾害性——高影响天气的临近预报中去寻找特征指标和判定防雹增雨作业的部位、时机等提供了科学依据。

关键词：宏微观场相互作用临近天气预报高影响天气人工影响天气数值模拟

冰雹形成机制的研究并论人工雹胚与自然雹胚的“利益竞争”防雹假说

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

大气科学 2001年第2期25卷 277-288页

作者：许焕斌段英河北省人工影响天气办公室石家庄050021

在播撒防雹中，如何实现人工雹胚与自然雹胚的增长竞争是决定防雹效果的关键，这实质上也是雹云物理的关键课题。经过对强对流（雹）云的流场特征和相应的过冷水场配置的综合分析和数值模拟研究，发现：（１）由于雹云流场的对流性，其... 详细信息

在播撒防雹中，如何实现人工雹胚与自然雹胚的增长竞争是决定防雹效果的关键，这实质上也是雹云物理的关键课题。经过对强对流（雹）云的流场特征和相应的过冷水场配置的综合分析和数值模拟研究，发现：（１）由于雹云流场的对流性，其中必然存在着一个主上升气流区和相对于云体的水平风速零的区域，它在垂直剖面上，可呈现出一条零线，可长大成冰雹的水凝物粒子是绕零线循环运行增长的，并逐步进入主上升气流区；（２）在雹云中存在着冰雹“穴道”，它位于主上升气流区边侧及零线下的入流区，其体积约为雹云总体的６％或更小，不论自然雹胚或是人工雹胚，只要进入“穴道”都经历着循环运行增长，其轨迹是相互交叉的，因而可以实现平等“竞争”；（３）“穴道”的存在和位置由流场特征决定，运行轨迹的基本形态也由流场决定，而粒子增长率及运行路径的长短由“穴道”内的过冷水场（过冷度和量）决定。

关键词：冰雹形成机制防雹原理人工雹胚自然雹胚强对流雹云数值模拟

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

关于发展人工影响天气数值模式的一些问题

气象学报 2017年第1期75卷 57-66页

作者：许焕斌尹金方中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室北京100081

人工影响天气的学科基础是中小尺度天气动力学与云降水物理学,需要将天气-动力-云降水物理耦合为一体。考虑到目前将天气动力学性质的基础数值模式用于人工影响天气中的问题,从数值模式动力方程、模式分辨率、云物理过程、数值求解方案... 详细信息

人工影响天气的学科基础是中小尺度天气动力学与云降水物理学,需要将天气-动力-云降水物理耦合为一体。考虑到目前将天气动力学性质的基础数值模式用于人工影响天气中的问题,从数值模式动力方程、模式分辨率、云物理过程、数值求解方案、初边值条件等方面系统地探索了发展人工影响天气数值模式中一些需要重点解决、且不可忽视的特色问题,并举例对相关问题提出了解决思路和方法。期望提出的问题有助于构思更适合于人工影响天气数值模式,使数值模式功能真正向满足人工影响天气的要求靠近一步。

关键词：人工影响天气数值模式动力过程云-降水微物理过程

Lightning in a Forest (Wild) Fire: Mechanism at the Molecular Level

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 128-135页

作者： See Leang Chin xueliang Guo Harmut Schroeder huanbin xu Tie-Jun Wang Ruxin Li Weiwei Liu Department of Physics and Center for Optics Photonics and Lasers (COPL) Laval University Quebec Canada Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching Germany State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Institute of Modern Optics Nankai University Tianjin China

The mechanism of lightning that ignites a forest fire and the lightning that occurs above a forest fire are explained at the molecular level. It is based on two phenomena, namely, internal charge separation inside the atmospheric cloud particles and the existence of a layer of positively charged hydrogen atoms sticking out of the surface of the liquid layer of water on the surface of rimers. Strong turbulence-driven collisions of the ice particles and water droplets with the rimers give rise to breakups of the ice particles and water droplets into positively and negatively charged fragments leading to charge separation. Hot weather in a forest contributes to the updraft of hot and humid air, which follows the same physical/chemical processes of normal lightning proposed and explained recently[1]. Lightning would have a high probability of lighting up and burning the dry biological materials in the ground of the forest, leading to a forest (wild) fire. The burning of trees and other plants would release a lot of heat and moisture together with a lot of smoke particles (aerosols) becoming a strong updraft. The condition for creating lightning is again satisfied which would result in further lightning high above the forest wild fire.

关键词： Forest Wild Fire Lightning Molecular Level

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

铜渣催化气化木屑的实验研究和热力学分析

化工进展 2016年第10期35卷 3142-3148页

作者：许焕斌刘慧利李昂胡建杭昆明理工大学冶金节能减排教育部工程研究中心云南昆明650093

以木屑为原料,在铜渣催化气化木屑的实验平台上研究了气化剂和载气对气体产物成分及热值的影响。根据实验结果,当水蒸气当量比为0.058时,焦油产率降低了约50%,氢气产率提高了63.04%,气化效率达75.03%。在优化的实验条件下基于能量平衡... 详细信息

以木屑为原料,在铜渣催化气化木屑的实验平台上研究了气化剂和载气对气体产物成分及热值的影响。根据实验结果,当水蒸气当量比为0.058时,焦油产率降低了约50%,氢气产率提高了63.04%,气化效率达75.03%。在优化的实验条件下基于能量平衡建立熔融铜渣催化气化木屑的热力学分析方法,得到铜渣、木屑及水蒸气之间的耦合关系,1250℃的熔融铜渣的余热高达1.773 MJ/kg,充分利用铜渣显热和潜热气化木屑产生的合成气热值可高达13319 k J。在最优气化工况下,1 kg原料气化需要1.92 kg铜渣,热态铜渣催化气化木屑的能量利用率可达62.94%。

关键词：铜渣木屑气化热力学余热利用

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

关于在人工影响天气中更新学术观念的探讨

干旱气象 2009年第4期27卷 305-307页

作者：许焕斌北京应用气象研究所北京100029

中国人工影响天气已进行了50 a,对它在水资源、减(水、旱、雹)灾、环境保护等方面的需求又很急迫,因而在这一领域逼着我们在世界上要做先行者,必需在这一科学技术领域有所创新、有所作为。除了要提升具体的科技水平外,更新一些学术观念... 详细信息

中国人工影响天气已进行了50 a,对它在水资源、减(水、旱、雹)灾、环境保护等方面的需求又很急迫,因而在这一领域逼着我们在世界上要做先行者,必需在这一科学技术领域有所创新、有所作为。除了要提升具体的科技水平外,更新一些学术观念也许是必要的,这样可能更有利于明确问题,抓住重点,尽快见效,还可以为年青人的创新或解除困惑营造一个宽松的环境。

关键词：更新观念人工影响天气探讨