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A probe into the acid deposition mitigation path in China over the last four decades and beyond

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 84-92页

作者： Qian Yu Xiaodong Ge Haotian Zheng Jia Xing Lei duan Dongwei Lv Dian Ding Zhaoxin Dong Yisheng Sun Posch Maximilian Danni Xie Yu Zhao Bin Zhao Shuxiao Wang Jan Mulder Thorj?rn Larssen Jiming Hao State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse and School of the Environment Nanjing University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex School of EnvironmentTsinghua University International Institute for Applied System Analysis(IIASA) School of Land Engineering Chang'an University Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Norwegian Institute for Water Research

China currently has the highest acid deposition globally, yet research on its status, impacts, causes and controls is lacking. Here, we compiled data and calculated critical loads regarding acid deposition. The results showed that the abatement measures in China have achieved a sharp decline in the emissions of acidifying pollutants and a continuous recovery of precipitation p H, despite the drastic growth in the economy and energy consumption. However, the risk of ecological acidification and eutrophication showed no significant decrease. With similar emission reductions, the decline in areas at risk of acidification in China(7.0%) lags behind those in Europe(20%) or the USA(15%). This was because, unlike Europe and the USA, China's abatement strategies primarily target air quality improvement rather than mitigating ecological impacts. Given that the area with the risk of eutrophication induced by nitrogen deposition remained at 13%of the country even under the scenario of achieving the dual targets of air quality and carbon dioxide mitigation in 2035, we explored an enhanced ammonia abatement pathway. With a further 27% reduction in ammonia by 2035, China could largely eliminate the impacts of acid deposition. This research serves as a valuable reference for China's future acid deposition control and for other nations facing similar challenges.

关键词： acid deposition critical loads acidification eutrophication ammonia abatement

超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱法鉴定黄大茶化学成分

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色谱 2024年第9期42卷 837-855页

作者：黄若童戎雪雯付晓洁陈畅储俊许娜吴欢安徽中医药大学科研技术中心安徽合肥230038 安徽农业大学茶树生物学与资源利用国家重点实验室安徽合肥230036 安徽省中药研究与开发重点实验室安徽合肥230012 食药用菌功能活性与资源利用安徽省联合共建学科重点实验室安徽合肥230038

黄大茶是中国特有的茶叶品种,具有降脂、降糖、改善代谢综合征的保健功效,但由于缺乏对黄大茶化学成分的研究,其功效性物质基础尚未被完全揭示。本研究以超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q TOF/MS)作为检测工具,结合中性丢失... 详细信息

黄大茶是中国特有的茶叶品种,具有降脂、降糖、改善代谢综合征的保健功效,但由于缺乏对黄大茶化学成分的研究,其功效性物质基础尚未被完全揭示。本研究以超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q TOF/MS)作为检测工具,结合中性丢失和特征碎片离子等信息,对黄大茶的主要化学成分进行筛查和分析。选取Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(100 mm×21 mm,17μm)进行分离,以01%甲酸水和乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速02 mL/min,进样量2μL,柱温35℃。在电喷雾电离(ESI)正/负离子模式下,利用全信息串联质谱(MSE)技术采集黄大茶样品溶液的质谱信息。通过查阅文献构建茶叶化学成分数据库,主要包括化学名称、分子式、结构式、准分子离子、碎片离子等信息,对自建数据库中的化学成分按照骨架结构进行归类;基于UPLC-Q TOF/MS测定结果,利用对照品对主要类别化合物的质谱裂解规律进行梳理,并总结其特征碎片离子和中性丢失特征;结合化合物的保留时间、准分子离子、碎片离子等信息对化合物结构进行表征。本研究共从黄大茶中鉴定出87个化学成分,包括10个儿茶素类、32个黄酮类、16个酚酸类、12个鞣质类、6个茶黄素类以及11个其他类别化合物,其中14个成分经对照品予以验证。该方法能够全面阐明黄大茶的主要化学成分,为黄大茶功效性成分发现、品质评价提供科学依据和数据支撑。

关键词：超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱中性丢失特征碎片离子黄大茶化学成分

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不同寄主对马铃薯瓢虫生长发育和繁殖的影响

应用昆虫学报 2024年第2期61卷 287-294页

作者：李文博 Nawaz Haider Bashir 陈欢欢李新畅王自杰都兰田睿林曲靖师范学院生物资源与食品工程学院承德市农林科学院黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院

【目的】马铃薯瓢虫Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata (Motschulsky)是农田生态系统中常见的食叶类害虫。马铃薯SolanumtuberosumL.、大豆Glycinemax(Linn.)Merr.、茄子Solanum melongena L.、辣椒Capsicum annuum L.和白菜Brassica rapa var. glabra Regel是该害虫的重要寄主植物。【方法】本研究以5种农作物为供试寄主，研究马铃薯瓢虫对各寄主植物的适应性。【结果】马铃薯瓢虫取食马铃薯和茄子时的幼虫发育历期短、蛹较重、幼虫存活率高、成虫寿命长且产卵量高。马铃薯瓢虫在马铃薯、大豆、茄子和白菜4种寄主植物上均能实现种群繁殖，相比大豆和白菜，马铃薯和茄子更利于马铃薯瓢虫的生长发育。种群内禀增长率（rm=0.129 d﹣1,0.127 d﹣1）、净增殖率（R0=52.066粒，51.384粒）、周限增长率（λ=1.138 d﹣1,1.136 d﹣1）和种群趋势指数（I=120.99,115.17）均在马铃薯和茄子饲喂条件下最高，平均世代周期短于其他寄主植物。【结论】马铃薯瓢虫在5种寄主植物上均有很好的适应性，其中饲喂马铃薯的种群生物学特性参数最好，其次是茄子。

关键词：马铃薯瓢虫寄主植物发育历期生命表

Facile one-pot hydrothermal method to prepare Sn(Ⅱ) and N co-doped TiO_(2) photocatalyst for water splitting under visible light irradiation

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Rare Metals 2022年第2期41卷 406-414页

作者： Xiao-huan Jiang Ying-Nan duan Yu Tian Meng Chen Mao-Kun Li huan-huan Liu Wan-Liang Yang Meng-Kui Tian School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

In this paper,a visible light-responsive Sn^(2+)and N co-doped TiO_(2)photocatalyst was prepared by facile one-pot hydrothermal *** as-prepared samples were characterized in detail by a series of characterization *** results showed that the Sn^(2+)and N elements were co-doped into TiO_(2),while the catalyst still maintains anatase crystal structure and gets irregular little nanocluster in diameter of 9–10 nm with higher specific surface *** absorption edge of Sn^(2+)and N co-doped TiO_(2)extends to the visible light *** with Sn^(2+)-doped TiO_(2)and N-TiO_(2),the absorption edges have obvious red-shift of about 50 and 70 nm,*** synergistic effect of O 2p-N 2p and O 2p-Sn 5s hybridization to form impurity levels is the main reason for the *** hydrogen production performance of the Sn^(2+)and N co-doping TiO_(2)(n(N)/n(Ti)=1)catalyst reached the maximum value of 0.37 mmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1)under visible light,which is higher than that of N-doped TiO_(2)and SnTiO_(2)-doped TiO_(2)*** result is due to the wider visible light region-responsive ability of Sn^(2+)and N codoped into TiO_(2).Furthermore,mild hydrothermal methods will not make the Sn^(2+)oxidized to Sn^(4+),which make the catalysts still maintain high photocatalytic *** work provides a simple and mild method for the preparation of dual-element co-doped TiO_(2)with high crystallinity,excellent performance and broad application prospects.

关键词： Photocatalyst Photocatalytic water splitting Visible light driven Sn^(2+)and N co-doped TiO_(2)

基于健康信念模式的智能健康教育在颈椎病术后恐动症患者中的效果研究

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四川大学学报（医学版） 2024年第2期55卷 309-314页

作者：刘欢肖倩段洪超吴浩张雷张海洋刘慧敏李春媛首都医科大学护理学院北京100069 首都医科大学宣武医院神经脊柱中心北京100053

目的探究基于健康信念模式的智能化健康教育在颈椎病术后恐动症患者中的应用效果。方法针对单中心神经脊柱中心行前路颈椎间盘切除减压融合术,并在术后存在恐动症的患者,开展前瞻性队列研究,由患者自愿选择是否接受智能健康教育干预治... 详细信息

目的探究基于健康信念模式的智能化健康教育在颈椎病术后恐动症患者中的应用效果。方法针对单中心神经脊柱中心行前路颈椎间盘切除减压融合术,并在术后存在恐动症的患者,开展前瞻性队列研究,由患者自愿选择是否接受智能健康教育干预治疗,将患者分为对照组和智能化教育组,从术后第2天进行干预。智能化教育组从术后第2天开始,依托微信小程序进行智能化教育,该小程序以健康信念模式作为理论框架,以患者问题-需求-导向-实践-反馈的思路进行设计,共分为4个板块(知识、智能锻炼、克服障碍、分享互动),包括提醒功能、趣味锻炼跟练功能、监测与记录功能。对照组从术后第2天开始,采用“图文手册+微信群提醒”的健康教育方式。分别于出院前、术后3个月对两组患者进行问卷调查。两组比较的主要结局指标:恐动程度;次要结局指标包括:功能锻炼依从性(功能锻炼依从性量表)、疼痛程度(Visual Analogue Scale评分)、颈椎功能障碍程度(颈椎残障指数)、生活质量(通过quality of life short form 12量表,主要评定心理健康得分和生理健康得分)等方面的差异。结果共纳入112例患者,108例患者完成了随访。最终智能化教育组53例,对照组55例。患者均未发生运动相关损伤。出院时两组间主要结局指标和次要结局指标差异无统计学意义。术后3个月,智能化教育组恐动程度(25.72±3.90)低于对照组(29.67±6.16),差异有统计学意义(P0.05],两组间差异无统计学意义。结论基于健康信念模式的智能化健康教育,可有助于降低颈椎病术后恐动症患者的恐动程度且改善预后。

关键词：智能化健康信念模式健康教育颈椎病恐动症

Current hydrogel advances in physicochemical and biological response-driven biomedical application diversity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第1期7卷 64-94页

作者： huan Cao Lixia duan Yan Zhang Jun Cao Kun Zhang Department of Nuclear Medicine West China Hospitaland National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsSichuan University610064 ChengduP.R.China Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory Shanghai Tenth People's HospitalTongji University School of MedicineNo.301 Yan-chang-zhong Road200072 ShanghaiPeople's Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore

Hydrogel is a type of versatile platform with various biomedical applications after rational structure and functional design that leverages on material engineering to modulate its physicochemical properties(e.g.,stiffness,pore size,viscoelasticity,microarchitecture,degradability,liga nd prese ntation,stimulus-resp on sive properties,etc.)and in flue nee cell signaling cascades and *** the past few decades,a plethora of pioneering studies have been implemented to explore the cell-hydrogel matrix interactions and figure out the underlying mechanisms,paving the way to the lab-to-clinic translation of hydrogel-based *** this review,we first introduced the physicochemical properties of hydrogels and their fabrication approaches ***,the comprehensive description and deep discussion were elucidated,wherein the influences of different hydrogels properties on cell behaviors and cellular signaling eve nts were *** behaviors or events in eluded integrin clustering,focal adhesion(FA)complex accumulation and activation,cytoskeleton rearrangement,protein cyto-nuelei shuttling and activation(e.g.,Yes-associated protein(YAP),catenin,etc.),cellular compartment reorganization,gene expression,and further cell biology modulation(e.g.,spreading,migration,proliferation,lineage commitment,etc.).Based on them,current in vitro and in vivo hydrogel applications that mainly covered diseases models,various cell delivery protocols for tissue regeneration and disease therapy,smart drug carrier,bioimaging,biosensor,and conductive wearable/implantable biodevices,*** further summarized and *** significantly,the dinical translation potential and trials of hydrogels were presented,accompanied with which the remaining challenges and future perspectives in this field were ***,the comprehe nsive and deep in sights in this review will shed light on the design principles of new biomedical hydrogels to understand and modulate

关键词： hydrogel summarized rational

Data-driven flatness intelligent representation method of cold rolled strip

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2023年第5期30卷 994-1012页

作者： Yang-huan Xu Dong-cheng Wang Bo-wei duan Hong-min Liu National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Rolling Strip Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina National Key Laboratory of Metal Forming Technology and Heavy Equipment China National Heavy Machinery Research Institute Co.Ltd.Xi’an 710032ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina

A high-accuracy flatness prediction model is the basis for realizing flatness *** flatness is typically reflected as the strain distribution,which is a ***,it is difficult to obtain ideal results if the real flatness is directly used as the output value of the flatness intelligent prediction ***,it is necessary to seek an abstract representation method of real *** this reason,two new intelligent flatness representation models were proposed based on the autoencoder of unsupervised learning theory:the flatness autoencoder representation(FAR)model and the flatness stacked sparse autoencoder representation(FSSAR)*** with the traditional Legendre fourth-order polynomial representation model,the representation accuracies of the FAR and FSSAR models are significantly improved,better representing the flatness defects,like the double tight *** optimal number of bottleneck layer neurons in the FAR and FSSAR models is 5,which means that five basic patterns can accurately represent real *** with the FAR model,the FSSAR model has higher representation accuracy,although the flatness basic pattern is more abstract,and the physical meaning is not clear ***,the accuracy of the FAR model is slightly lower than that of the FSSAR ***,it can automatically learn the flatness basic pattern with a very clear physical meaning for both the theoretical and real flatness,which is an optimal intelligent representation method for flatness.

关键词： Cold rolling flatness Data-driven model Unsupervised learning Representation learning Autoencoder Bottleneck layer

Manipulator-based autonomous inspections at road checkpoints:Application of faster YOLO for detecting large objects

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第6期18卷 937-951页

作者： Qing-xin Shi chang-sheng Li Bao-qiao Guo Yong-gui Wang huan-yu Tian Hao Wen Fan-sheng Meng Xing-guang duan School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

With the increasing number of vehicles,manual security inspections are becoming more laborious at road *** address it,a specialized Road Checkpoints Robot(RCRo)system is proposed,incorporated with enhanced You Only Look Once(YOLO)and a 6-degree-of-freedom(DOF)manipulator,for autonomous identity verification and vehicle *** modified YOLO is characterized by large objects’sensitivity and faster detection speed,named“LF-YOLO”.The better sensitivity of large objects and the faster detection speed are achieved by means of the Dense module-based backbone network connecting two-scale detecting network,for object detection tasks,along with optimized anchor boxes and improved loss *** the manipulator motion,Octree-aided motion control scheme is adopted for collision-free motion through Robot Operating System(ROS).The proposed LF-YOLO which utilizes continuous optimization strategy and residual technique provides a promising detector design,which has been found to be more effective during actual object detection,in terms of decreased average detection time by 68.25%and 60.60%,and increased average Intersection over Union(Io U)by 20.74%and6.79%compared to YOLOv3 and YOLOv4 through *** comprehensive functional tests of RCRo system demonstrate the feasibility and competency of the multiple unmanned inspections in practice.

关键词： Robot applications Object detection Vehicle inspection Identity verification You only look once(YOLO)

On the Ricci Curvature of a Randers Metric of Isotropic S-curvature

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2008年第6期24卷 911-916页

作者： Xiao huan MO chang Tao YU Key Laboratory of Pure and Applied Mathematics School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China

We derive the integral inequality of a Randers metric with isotropic S-curvature in terms of its navigation representation. Using the obtained inequality we give some rigidity results under the condition of Ricci curvature. In particular, we show the following result： Assume that an n-dimensional compact Randers manifold （M, F） has constant S-curvature c. Then （M, F） must be Riemannian if its Ricci curvature satisfies that Ric 〈 -（n - 1）c^2.

关键词： Finsler manifold Randers metric Ricci curvature