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Modification of ash flow properties of coal rich in calcium and iron by coal gangue addition

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第7期34卷 239-246页

作者： huaizhu li lingxue Kong Jin Bai Zongqing Bai Zhenxing Guo Wen li Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization Ministry of EducationXuzhou 221116China State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesTaiyuan 030001China

Flow property of coal ash and slag is an important parameter for slag tapping of entrained flow *** viscosity of slag with high contents of calcium and iron exhibits the behavior of a crystalline slag,of which viscosity sharply increases when temperature is lowered than temperature of critical viscosity(TCV).The fluctuation in temperature near the TCVcan cause an accumulation of slag inside the *** order to prevent slag blockage,it is necessary to adjust the ash composition by additive to modify the flow property of coal rich in calcium and *** components of coal gangue are Al_(2)O_(3) and SiO_(2),which is a potential additive to modify the ash flow properties of these *** this work,we investigated the ash flow properties of a typical coal rich in calcium and iron by adding coal gangue with different SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)*** results showed that the ash fusion temperatures(AFTs)firstly decreased,and then increased with increasing amount of coal gangue *** composition of coal ash rich in calcium and iron moved from gehlenite primary phase to anorthite,quartz and corundum primary *** slags with coal gangue addition behaved as a glassy slag,of which the viscosity gradually increased as temperature ***,a high SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio of coal gangue was beneficial to modify the slag viscosity *** of coal gangue with a high SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio impeded formation of crystalline phases during *** work demonstrated that coal gangue addition was an effective way to improve the ash flow properties of the coal rich in calcium and iron for the entrained flow gasifier.

关键词： Coal gangue Coal rich in calcium and iron Ash fusion temperatures Viscosity-temperature characteristic Phase transformation

Rapid and controllable in-situ self-assembly of main-group metal nanofilms for highly efficient CO_(2)electroreduction to liquid fuel in flow cells

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5718-5725页

作者： Miao Wang huaizhu Wang Yaoda Wang Junchuan liang Mengfei Zhu Jiarui li Zuoxiu Tie Zhong Jin State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic ChemistryMOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsTianchang New Materials and Energy Technology Researc

The electrocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)is a promising pathway to generate renewable fuels and ***,its advancement is impeded by the absence of electrocatalysts with both high selectivity and ***,we present a scalable in-situ thermal evaporation technique for synthesizing series of Bi,In,and Sn nanofilms on carbon felt(CF)substrates with a high-aspect-ratio *** resulting main-group metal nanofilms exhibit a homogeneously distributed and highly exposed catalyst surface with ample active sites,thereby promoting mass transport and ad-/desorption of reaction *** from the unique fractal morphology,the Bi nanofilms deposited on CF exhibit optimal catalytic activities for CO_(2)electroreduction among the designed metal nanofilms electrodes,with the highest Faradaic efficiency of 96.9%for formate production at−1.3 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)in *** an industrially relevant current density of 221.4 mA·cm−2 in flow cells,the Bi nanofilms retain a high Faradaic efficiency of 81.7%at−1.1 V(***)and a good long-term stability for formate ***,a techno-economic analysis(TEA)model shows the potential commercial viability of electrocatalytic CO_(2)conversion into formate using the Bi nanofilms *** results offer a green and convenient approach for in-situ fabrication of stable and inexpensive thin-film catalysts with a fractal structure applicable to various industrial settings.

关键词： CO_(2)electroreduction non-noble metal nanofilms flow cells efficiency and selectivity techno-economic analysis

油页岩添加对准东高钠煤灰熔融行为影响的研究

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化工学报 2023年第5期74卷 2123-2135页

作者：黄磊孔令学白进李怀柱郭振兴白宗庆李平李文中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所煤转化国家重点实验室山西太原030001 中国科学院大学北京100049 宁夏大学省部共建煤炭高效利用与绿色化工国家重点实验室宁夏银川750021

准东煤中碱金属钠的含量高,在气化过程中生成的飞灰导致换热器积灰、腐蚀等问题的发生,对气化炉的安全稳定运行带来极大的挑战。煤灰的熔融行为是阐明飞灰沉积行为的重要参数,选取含Si、Al较高的油页岩为添加剂,研究了油页岩添加对准东... 详细信息

准东煤中碱金属钠的含量高,在气化过程中生成的飞灰导致换热器积灰、腐蚀等问题的发生,对气化炉的安全稳定运行带来极大的挑战。煤灰的熔融行为是阐明飞灰沉积行为的重要参数,选取含Si、Al较高的油页岩为添加剂,研究了油页岩添加对准东高钠煤灰熔融行为的影响及机理,探讨使用油页岩解决准东高钠煤气化利用中的飞灰沉积问题。结果表明,随着油页岩添加量的增加,准东高钠煤红沙泉和将二矿煤灰的初始烧结温度与液相烧结温度区间长度增加,煤灰的沉积倾向减轻;矿物质分析显示,油页岩的添加降低了初始煤灰中硫酸钙的含量,提高石英的含量,同时熔融过程中生成大量夕线石,是准东高钠煤灰熔点升高的主要原因。对于红沙泉与将二矿煤,分别添加15%和20%的油页岩可有效提高煤灰的熔融特征温度,避免在气化过程中飞灰发生沉积。最后,基于神经网络模型,建立了准东高钠煤添加油页岩后的煤灰变形温度(DT)及流动温度(FT)的预测模型。

关键词：准东煤油页岩沉积物煤灰熔融行为矿物质神经网络结垢

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气氛和化学组成对高铁煤灰熔融特性的影响机理

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化工学报 2022年第10期73卷 4648-4658页

作者：贺冲白进郭晶孔令学鲁浩李怀柱秦育红李文太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院山西晋中030600 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所煤转化国家重点实验室山西太原030001 太原理工大学安全与应急管理工程学院山西太原030024

采用灰熔点仪、XRD和热力学模拟,研究气氛和化学组成对高铁煤灰熔融特性的影响机理。研究结果表明,灰熔融温度随铁含量、钙含量或硅铝比增加而降低。弱还原气氛下低钙或低硅铝比煤灰熔融存在明显的初始熔融阶段,熔融过程遵循“软化-熔... 详细信息

采用灰熔点仪、XRD和热力学模拟,研究气氛和化学组成对高铁煤灰熔融特性的影响机理。研究结果表明,灰熔融温度随铁含量、钙含量或硅铝比增加而降低。弱还原气氛下低钙或低硅铝比煤灰熔融存在明显的初始熔融阶段,熔融过程遵循“软化-熔融”机理,而空气气氛下高钙或高硅铝比煤灰熔融过程属于“熔融-溶解”机理。弱还原气氛下铁含量增加显著促进石英和钙长石熔融,空气气氛下钙含量增加促进刚玉和石英熔融或转化为钙基硅铝盐。弱还原气氛下液相含量随硅铝比或铁含量增加而增加,液相黏度随钙含量或铁含量增加而降低,促进熔融传质;空气气氛下低钙或低硅铝比煤灰中铁存在于含铁固溶体,导致液相黏度高或液相含量低,熔融传质受阻。

关键词：煤灰气化熔融特性结晶相变化学组成气氛

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高钠煤气化过程中的灰化学研究进展

洁净煤技术 2023年第7期29卷 110-124页

作者：张显显白进孔令学李怀柱郭振兴白宗庆李文中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所煤转化国家重点实验室山西太原030001 中国科学院大学北京100049

煤气化是发展煤基大宗化学品及清洁燃料的关键技术,也是实现双碳目标的重要途径。准东高钠煤中碱金属钠含量高,气化过程中碱金属钠释放造成严重的灰释放问题,因此,探究准东高钠煤在气化过程中灰沉积、结渣机理及煤灰流动性对准东煤的清... 详细信息

煤气化是发展煤基大宗化学品及清洁燃料的关键技术,也是实现双碳目标的重要途径。准东高钠煤中碱金属钠含量高,气化过程中碱金属钠释放造成严重的灰释放问题,因此,探究准东高钠煤在气化过程中灰沉积、结渣机理及煤灰流动性对准东煤的清洁高效利用具有重要意义。鉴于此,综述了近年来气化过程中高钠煤的灰化学研究最新进展。总结了煤中钠的赋存形态及含量,阐明了气化过程中钠的迁移转化机制及钠释放导致气化炉受热面造成的灰沉积、结渣问题。由于高钠煤中钠释放主要受气化温度的影响,因此成灰温度不宜高于500℃。气化过程中易生成熔点低的含钠矿物质,降低高钠煤煤灰熔融温度。高钠煤中钙、铁含量高时,煤灰中钙长石及钙铝黄长石在高温下生成低温共晶体、Fe^(2+)与煤中矿物质反应形成低熔点尖晶石均是加剧煤灰熔融的重要原因。同时,热转化过程中气氛对高钠煤中矿物演化具有一定影响。高钠煤灰的熔融区间窄,熔融速率快,表明高钠煤灰流动性强,由于Na+的离子势较低,O_(2)^(-)被Si^(4+)夺取,导致桥氧键断裂成非桥氧键,熔渣网格结构解聚,黏度降低,其熔融机理符合“熔融-溶解”机理。降温过程中晶体的析出对黏度的影响至关重要。Na_(2)O的引入降低了熔渣析晶体温度,改变晶体类型,同时降低熔渣的黏滞活化能及结晶能力。

关键词：气流床气化高钠煤灰沉积熔融特性黏温特性

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Patterns of presence-absence variants in Upland cotton

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Science China(life Sciences) 2020年第10期63卷 1600-1603页

作者： Junfang liu Xianliang Zhang lingling Dou Wei li Xiaojian Zhou Yangai liu Xiaoyu Pei Zhongying Ren Wensheng Zhang huaizhu li Wenbo Wang Changsong Zou Kunlun He Fei Zhang Wenyu Ma Haihong Shang Hongbin li Daigang Yang Guanghui Xiao Xiongfeng Ma State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Institute of Cotton ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyang 455000China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xianyang Normal UniversityXianyang 712000China Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology State Key Laboratory of Cotton BiologySchool of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in the Northwest of ChinaCollege of Life SciencesShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China Zhengzhou Research Base State Key Laboratory of Cotton BiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China College of life Sciences Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832003China

Dear Editor,Sources of genetic variations in genomes include small-scale sources(such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs),insertions/deletions(InDels),and simple sequence repeats and larger-scale structural variations(mainly presence-absence variants(PAVs))and copy number variants).PAVs are sequences that are either inserted or missing in genomes in comparison with a reference sequence or *** can have a much longer sequence than SNPs and InDels,as illustrated in the human genome(Conrad et al.,2010).PAVs are important genomic structural variations that can directly affect genomic structure and key functional genes in the genome(Kumar et al.,2007).Moreover,the use of PAVs for studying quantitative traits has been valuable(Lam et al.,2010).

关键词： traits sequence insertion

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the GhIQD gene family in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2021年第1期4卷 24-37页

作者： DOU lingling LV limin KANG Yangyang TIAN Ruijie HUANG Deqing li Jiayin li Siyi liU Fengping CAO lingyan JIN Yuhua liU Yang li huaizhu WANG Wenbo PANG Chaoyou SHANG Haihong ZOU Changsong SONG Guoli XIAO Guanghui School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xianyang Normal UniversityXianyang 712000ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyang 455000China Zhengzhou University research base for State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology in China ZhengzhouChina Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology State Key Laboratory of Cotton BiologySchool of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengChina College of life Sciences Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China

Background:Calmodulin(CaM)is one of the most important Ca^(2+)signaling receptors because it regulates diverse physiological and biochemical reactions in *** functions by interacting with CaM-binding proteins(CaMBPs)to modulate Ca^(2+)*** domain(IQD)proteins are plant-specific CaMBPs that bind to CaM by their specific CaM binding ***:In this study,we identified 102 GhIQD genes in the Gossypium hirsutum *** GhIQD gene family was classified into four clusters(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,andⅣ),and we then mapped the GhIQD genes to the *** ***,we found that 100 of the 102 GhIQD genes resulted from segmental duplication events,indicating that segmental duplication is the main force driving GhIQD gene *** expression pattern analysis showed that a total of 89 GhIQD genes expressed in the elongation stage and second cell wall biosynthesis stage of the fiber cells,suggesting that GhIQD genes may contribute to fiber cell development in *** addition,we found that 20 selected GhIQD genes were highly expressed in various *** application of MeJA significantly enhanced the expression levels of GhIQD ***:Our study shows that GhIQD genes are involved in fiber cell development in cotton and are also widely induced by *** results provide bases to systematically characterize the evolution and biological functions of GhIQD genes,as well as clues to breed better cotton varieties in the future.

关键词： Gossypium hirsutum L. GhIQD genes Segmental duplication Expression analysis

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基于知识共享的软件开发组织协作模式研究

情报杂志 2007年第11期26卷 2-4页

作者：郑国光李怀祖西安交通大学管理学院西安710049

在分析软件开发组织结构的基础上,探讨了软件开发的价值增值过程,认为知识产权是软件组织存在的目的、价值链的纽带和行业内协作的基础。并以软件知识产权形成的过程为视角,将组织间的软件开发协作模式划分为战略协作、外包协作和集成协... 详细信息

在分析软件开发组织结构的基础上,探讨了软件开发的价值增值过程,认为知识产权是软件组织存在的目的、价值链的纽带和行业内协作的基础。并以软件知识产权形成的过程为视角,将组织间的软件开发协作模式划分为战略协作、外包协作和集成协作,分析了各模式下知识共享的具体实现过程。

关键词：软件开发组织知识共享知识产权协作模式

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白毛银露梅叶绿体全基因组密码子偏好性分析

分子植物育种 2022年第4期20卷 1095-1103页

作者：杨蕾董泽阳王洋李菁杨琳王小平李怀珠许建强白吉庆陕西中医药大学药学院咸阳712046 陕西中医药大学陕西省中药原料质量监测技术服务中心咸阳712099 咸阳师范学院化学与化工学院宝鸡710000 陕西太白山天然植物开发有限公司咸阳712046

为了明确白毛银露梅叶绿体基因组密码子的使用偏好性,筛选出53条叶绿体蛋白编码基因(CDS)作为分析对象,使用CodonW软件计算GC1、GC2、GC3、ENC、CAI等参数,并进行中性绘图分析,ENC-plot及PR2-plot分析。结果表明,白毛银露梅不同区段GC... 详细信息

为了明确白毛银露梅叶绿体基因组密码子的使用偏好性,筛选出53条叶绿体蛋白编码基因(CDS)作为分析对象,使用CodonW软件计算GC1、GC2、GC3、ENC、CAI等参数,并进行中性绘图分析,ENC-plot及PR2-plot分析。结果表明,白毛银露梅不同区段GC平均含量为:GC1(47.02%)>GC2(39.55%)>GC3(28.95%),说明GC含量在不同位置的分布不均匀;RSCU值大于1的密码子有28个,其中以A/U结尾的为27个,表明该物种叶绿体基因组密码子偏好以A/U结尾;ENC平均值为48.10,CAI平均值为0.17,表明密码子偏好性较弱;ENC-plot分析及PR2-plot分析表明该物种密码子使用偏好同时受自然选择和突变压力的影响,最终筛选出来13个最优密码子,均以A/U结尾。研究结果可为白毛银露梅叶绿体基因工程研究及委陵菜属植物进化关系、亲缘关系研究提供理论依据。

关键词：白毛银露梅(Potentilla glabra var.mandshurica) 叶绿体基因组密码子偏好性最优密码子