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Toward an Ecological Civilization:China’s Progress as Documented by the Second National General Survey of Pollution Sources

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Engineering 2021年第9期7卷 1336-1341页

作者： Minghui Xie huabo duan Peng Kang Qi Qiao Lu Bai State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Key Laboratory of Coastal Urban Resilient Infrastructures(Shenzhen University) Ministry of EducationUnderground Polis AcademyCollege of Civil and Transportation EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

The relationship between environmental quality and economic growth has been a hot topic for *** years of rapid industrialization and urbanization,China’s environmental challenges are approaching a turning *** the principles of ecological civilization construction,China is on its way to maintaining high-quality and green economic *** 10 June 2020,the Chinese Government reported the key findings of the Second National General Survey of Pollution Sources(fiscal year 2017),which provides strong quantitative evidence of progress toward ecological *** terms of our comparison between the two National General Surveys in 2007 and 2017,it was found that environmental pollution,measured in terms of many wastewater and air emission pollutant discharges,is decreasing despite the steady growth in economic activities—and at a noticeably fast *** national and local governments can adopt some of China’s ecological civilization practices,within their own individual contexts.

关键词： Ecological civilization National General Survey of Pollution Sources Green development Sustainable development

Take back and treatment of discarded electronics： a scientific update

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013年第4期7卷 475-482页

作者： Ab STEVELS Jaco HUISMAN Feng WANG Jinhui LI Boyang LI huabo duan Design for Sustainability Lab Delft University of Technology Delft 2600 The Netherlands Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

This paper indicates that the performance of tack-back and treatment of electronic waste （e-waste） system can be improved substantially. This can be reached by better taking into account in a better way the big variety in material composition and potential toxicity of electrical and electronic products - from a technical, organizational and regulatory perspective. Realizing that there is no ＇one size fit for all＇ and combining smart tailor made solutions with economic of sale will result in the best environmental gain/cost ratio. Several examples show how science and engineering have supported or will support this approach.

关键词： e-waste take back treatment substantially

Enhancement of municipal sludge dewaterability by electrochemical pretreatment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 98-104页

作者： Ke Xiao Jianping Deng Li Zeng Tao Guo Yan Gong Bo Yang Xu Zhao huabo duan College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation Shenzhen University State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Smart City Research Institute College of Civil Engineering Shenzhen University

Electrolysis is a promising technology to improve sludge dewaterability efficiently with negligible environmental impact. To intensify the electrolytic efficiency, the effect of electrolytes(NaCl, Na_2SO_4, NaNO_3, and NaClO_4) on electrolysis pretreatment of municipal sludge and its mechanisms was investigated using Ti/PbO_2 electrodes. The electrolytes,which enhanced the production of oxidative radicals, showed a significant synergetic effect in reducing the capillary suction time(CST) of sludge. NaCl was distinguished from the other electrolytes since it formed a large amount of active chlorine species, which oxidized the sludge cells to improve the sludge dewaterability. The surface morphologies as well as the soluble proteins and polysaccharides were analyzed to unravel the underlying mechanisms of sludge dewaterability. Additionally, an economic assessment showed that NaCl addition in the electrolysis pretreatment can be a suitable technique for enhancing municipal sludge dewaterability.

关键词： Municipal sludge Dewaterability Electrolysis Electrolyte Oxidative radical

A potential threat from biodegradable microplastics: mechanism of cadmium adsorption and desorption in the simulated gastrointestinal environment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 63-75页

作者： Timing Jiang Xiang Wu Shushan Yuan Changfei Lai Shijie Bian Wenbo Yu Sha Liang Jingping Hu Liang Huang huabo duan Yafei Shi Jiakuan Yang School of Environmental Science&Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Resources and Environmental Science Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling Wuhan 430074China School of Civil Engineering Architecture and EnvironmentHubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

It has been demonstrated that microplastics (MPs) can accumulate heavy metals from the environment and transfer them into organisms via the food chain. However, adsorption and desorption capacities for biodegradable MPs relative to those for conventional MPs remain poorly understood. In this study, cadmium (Cd(II)) adsorption and desorption characteristics of polylactic acid (PLA), a typical biodegradable MP, were investigated. Two conventional MPs, i.e., polypropylene (PP) and polyamide (PA) were used for comparison. The maximum Cd(II) adsorption capacities of the MPs studied in the adsorption experiments decreased in the order PA (0.96 ± 0.07 mg/g) > PLA (0.64 ± 0.04 mg/g) > PP (0.22 ± 0.03 mg/g). The Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isothermal model described the Cd(II) adsorption behaviors of PLA MPs well. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and two-dimensional Fourier transform infrared correlation spectroscopy analysis indicated that oxygen functional groups were the major and preferential binding sites of PLA MPs, which contributed to their high Cd(II) adsorption capacities. Simulated gastric and intestinal fluids both significantly enhanced the desorption capacities of the examined MPs. Notably, degradation of the PLA MPs during in vitro human digestion made the Cd(II) on the PLA MPs more bioaccessible (19% in the gastric phase and 62% in the intestinal phase) than Cd(II) on the PP and PA MPs. These results indicate the remarkable capacities of biodegradable MPs to accumulate Cd(II) and transfer it to the digestive system and show that biodegradable MPs might pose more severe threats to human health than conventional nonbiodegradable MPs.

关键词： Biodegradable microplastics Cadmium Adsorption and desorption Gastrointestinal environment Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy Bioaccessibility

全球清洁能源快速增长引发对土地资源占用的担忧

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Science Bulletin 2023年第6期68卷 571-573,M0003页

作者：张宁段华波杨家宽 Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development(IOER) Dresden 01217Germany School of Environmental Science&Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)Wuhan 430074China

Most countries in the world have joined the race for carbon neutrality, to meet the goals of the 2015 Paris Agreement, leading to a boom in the clean-energy sector. However, the construction of clean-energy infrastructure can disproportionately occupy limited productive soil and natural land resources, compared to conventional energy plants (Fig. 1). Thus, comprehending the land footprint resulting from the proliferation of clean-energy systems is now imperative, to better anticipate and manage the energy industry, and specifically to quantify the land-use trade-offs of the energy transition in a global context.

关键词： occupy neutral goals

固体废物利用与处置碳排放研究进展和发展趋势

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环境科学学报 2023年第6期43卷 1-10页

作者：段华波陈瑛蔡俊雄杨家宽华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院武汉430037 生态环境部固体废物与化学品管理技术中心北京100029 湖北省生态环境科学研究院武汉430070

固体废物是重要的碳排放源,通过源头减量、资源化与能源化利用以及处理处置过程优化控制可显著降低碳排放水平或产生负碳.但如何度量固体废物利用与处置带来的减碳效益,在方法学和管理策略等方面显然缺乏系统的梳理和总结.本文首先阐明... 详细信息

固体废物是重要的碳排放源,通过源头减量、资源化与能源化利用以及处理处置过程优化控制可显著降低碳排放水平或产生负碳.但如何度量固体废物利用与处置带来的减碳效益,在方法学和管理策略等方面显然缺乏系统的梳理和总结.本文首先阐明了固体废物源头产生-过程处理与利用-末端处置等生命周期过程碳排放的“源”和“汇”,从固体废物类别、利用和处置方式、研究尺度等多个维度,对比分析了固体废物的碳排放强度和水平,并对碳排放与减碳的核算方法和评价体系进行了探讨和总结分析,进一步提出了固体废物治理与碳减排协同增效的研究建议.

关键词：固体废物碳排放碳减排协同增效核算方法生命周期评价

深圳市纯电动泥头车减污降碳协同效益评价研究

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环境科学学报 2022年第12期42卷 471-480页

作者：蔡晓萍柏静段华波谢海明深圳大学土木与交通工程学院深圳大学滨海城市韧性基础设施教育部重点实验室深圳518060 澳门科技大学可持续发展研究所中国澳门999078 华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院武汉430074 深圳市协力新能源与智能网联汽车创新中心深圳518060

新能源汽车替代传统燃油车是减缓能源与环境压力并如期实现“双碳”目标的重要途径,但在重型车辆、工程车等领域推广较为缓慢.深圳市自2019年开始推广使用纯电动泥头车,并计划到2025年新能源环卫、泥头车数量达到8000辆.为深入探究纯电... 详细信息

新能源汽车替代传统燃油车是减缓能源与环境压力并如期实现“双碳”目标的重要途径,但在重型车辆、工程车等领域推广较为缓慢.深圳市自2019年开始推广使用纯电动泥头车,并计划到2025年新能源环卫、泥头车数量达到8000辆.为深入探究纯电动泥头车替代柴油泥头车所产生的减污降碳协同效益,本研究基于一手调研数据,采用生命周期评价方法并结合GREET模型,对比分析了两类泥头车在燃料周期、车辆周期和配套设施周期3个周期内的能耗、主要空气污染物及碳排放情况.结果表明,纯电动泥头车全生命周期内能耗较柴油泥头车可减少36.2%,主要污染物如NO_(x)、SO_(2)、VOC和PM_(2.5)降幅分别达81.3%、37.8%、29.0%和25.9%;温室气体(GHGs)排放强度减少14.4%,基准情境下2030年和2050年推广纯电动泥头车GHGs累计减排量分别为71.4万t和258.5万t.尽管节能减排效果显著,但其初始购置和售后维保成本过高是制约其推广的最主要因素,通过降低车辆及电池生产制造成本、提高充换电设施数量及售后维保能力等有望加快泥头车纯电动化.

关键词：柴油泥头车纯电动泥头车生命周期评价 GREET模型碳减排效果制约因素

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深圳市非道路移动机械排放清单研究

深圳大学学报（理工版） 2021年第4期38卷 331-339页

作者：刘鹏胡明伟段华波施小龙深圳大学土木与交通工程学院广东深圳518060 深圳大学未来地下城市研究院广东深圳518060 深圳大学滨海城市韧性基础设施教育部重点实验室广东深圳518060

为进一步改善空气质量,提升宜居水平,非道路移动机械排放控制已成为环境治理的重要领域.本研究通过对中国深圳市非道路移动机械的实地调查和数据调研,分析深圳市非道路移动机械各特征参数,建立深圳市非道路移动机械排放清单.结果表明,2... 详细信息

为进一步改善空气质量,提升宜居水平,非道路移动机械排放控制已成为环境治理的重要领域.本研究通过对中国深圳市非道路移动机械的实地调查和数据调研,分析深圳市非道路移动机械各特征参数,建立深圳市非道路移动机械排放清单.结果表明,2017年深圳市非道路移动机械NO_(x)、细颗粒物(PM 2.5)、可吸入颗粒物(PM 10)、HC、CO、黑碳、有机碳及挥发性有机化合物等8类污染物的排放量分别为6162.0、419.7、442.3、983.9、4170.7、209.7、64.4及920.2 t.在所有非道路移动机械类型中,挖掘机排放占比最高,达到28.06%;NO_(x)排放量占比最高,占总排放的46.04%.定量分析NO_(x)排放清单的不确定性,在95%置信区间的平均值范围为(4940.1,7661.2)t,不确定性范围为[-21.1%,22.6%].研究结果可为非道路移动机械排放控制及制定减排措施提供参考和依据,对未来排放清单的建立提供指导.

关键词：交通运输工程环境工程学非道路移动机械排放清单工程机械港区作业机械

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基于生命周期分析的风电场GHGs减排效益

深圳大学学报（理工版） 2020年第6期37卷 653-660页

作者：马艺段华波李强峰谢明辉深圳大学滨海城市韧性基础设施教育部重点实验室深圳大学土木与交通工程学院广东深圳518060 深圳大学未来地下城市研究院广东深圳518060 中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护生态工业重点实验室北京100012

风电设备生产及风电场建设产生的环境影响备受关注.本研究以中国东南沿海城市某100 MW陆上风电场为例,基于生命周期评价方法,对其风机产品生产制造、运输、风电配套设施建设和运营维护等阶段的环境影响(以温室气体为归一化度量指标)进... 详细信息

风电设备生产及风电场建设产生的环境影响备受关注.本研究以中国东南沿海城市某100 MW陆上风电场为例,基于生命周期评价方法,对其风机产品生产制造、运输、风电配套设施建设和运营维护等阶段的环境影响(以温室气体为归一化度量指标)进行了量化分析.研究结果表明,该风电场生命周期温室气体排放总量约为90000 t(以CO2当量计,排放强度为17.8 g/(kW·h)).其中,生产制造阶段占比最大(67.8%),其次为建设施工阶段(19.2%).与其他能源发电方式对比表明,风电温室气体排放强度明显高于水电(以CO2当量计,约3.5 g/(kW·h)),但与光伏发电(以CO2当量计,约50 g/(kW·h))、生物质(以CO2当量计,约200 g/(kW·h))和火力(以CO2当量计,约800 g/(kW·h))等能源方式相比,减排效益显著.

关键词：环境工程可再生能源风力发电陆上风电场生命周期评价温室气体二氧化碳当量碳排放因子建造阶段节能减排