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The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF6 controls CTLA-4 turnover and promotes T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 97-99页

作者： Xiao-Liang Jie Hua Guo Guang-Biao Zhou State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College100021 BejingChina

Yu et al.[1]reported that the tumor necrosis factor(TNF)receptor OX40(CD134)-TNF receptor-associated factor 6(TRAF6)axis mediates Lys63-linked ubiquitination and subsequent lysosomal degradation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4(CTLA-4),leading to the enhancement of CD8^(+)T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity.Their findings unveil a previously unknown mechanism in controlling the stability of the immune checkpoint CTLA-4 and provide a potential therapeutic target for the improvement of Tcell-based immunotherapy.

关键词： immunity OX40 ubiquitin

A Secure Mutual Authentication Protocol Based on Visual Cryptography Technique for IoT-Cloud

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 43-57页

作者： Brou Bernard Ehui Chen CHEN Shirui WANG Hua Guo Jianwei LIU School of Cyber Sciences and Technology Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University Sino-French Engineering School Beihang University Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang

Because of the increasing number of threats in the IoT cloud, an advanced security mechanism is needed to guard data against hacking or attacks. A user authentication mechanism is also required to authenticate the user accessing the cloud services. The conventional cryptographic algorithms used to provide security mechanisms in cloud networks are often vulnerable to various cyber-attacks and inefficient against new attacks. Therefore,developing new solutions based on different mechanisms from traditional cryptography methods is required to protect data and users’ privacy from attacks. Different from the conventional cryptography method, we suggest a secure mutual authentication protocol based on the visual cryptography technique in this paper. We use visual cryptography to encrypt and decrypt the secret images. The mutual authentication is based on two secret images and tickets.The user requests the ticket from the authentication server(AS) to obtain the permission for accessing the cloud services. Three shared secret keys are used for encrypting and decrypting the authentication process. We analyze the protocol using the Barrows-Abadi-Needham(BAN)-logic method and the results show that the protocol is robust and can protect the user against various attacks. Also, it can provide a secure mutual authentication mechanism.

关键词： Internet of things Visual cryptography Security Mutual authentication IoT-cloud

4-Nitrocatechol as a novel matrix for low-molecular-weight compounds in situ detection and imaging in biological tissues by MALDI-MSI

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 486-490页

作者： hualei Xu Manman Han Haiqiang Liu Liang Qin Lulu Chen Hao Hu Ran Wu Chenyu Yang Hua Guo Jinrong Li Jinxiang Fu Qichen Hao Yijun Zhoub Jinchao Fengb Xiaodong Wang Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics(Minzu University of China) State Ethnic Affairs CommissionBeijing 100081China College of Life and Environmental Sciences Centre for Imaging&Systems BiologyMinzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China

Low-molecular-weight(LMW)compounds are ubiquitous in living organisms and play essential roles in biological processes.The direct analysis of LMW compounds in biological tissues by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging(MALDI-MSI)could provide a more comprehensive understanding of their essential functions.Here,we evaluated 4-nitrocatechol(4-NC)as a novel positive-ion matrix for enhancing in situ detection and imaging of LMW compounds from the rat liver,brain,and germinating Chinese-yew seed by MALDI-MS.Our results showed that the 4-NC possessed remarkable features,including strong ultraviolet absorption,uniform matrix crystal,excellent chemical stability,and fewer matrix-related background peaks.The use of 4-NC led to the successful detection of 232,218,and193 LMW compounds from the three abovementioned tissue sections,respectively.Also,the use of 4-NC improved the imaging quality of LMW compounds in tissue sections through MALDI-MSI and has the potential as a matrix for MALDI tissue imaging of LMW compounds.

关键词： MALDI-MSI 4-Nitrocatechol LMW compounds In situ detection Tissue imaging

Deep genome skimming reveals the hybrid origin of Pseudosasa gracilis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 344-352页

作者： Xiang-Zhou Hu Cen guo Sheng-Yuan Qin De-Zhu Li Zhen-Hua Guo Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Pseudosasa gracilis(Poaceae:Bambusoideae)is a temperate woody bamboo species endemic to Southcentral China with a narrow distribution.Previous phylogenetic studies revealed an unexpected,isolated phylogenetic position of Ps.gracilis.Here we conducted phylogenomic analysis by sampling populations of Ps.gracilis and its sympatric species Ps.nanunica and Sinosasa polytricha reflecting different genomic signals,by deep genome skimming.Integrating molecular evidence from chloroplast genes and genome-wide SNPs,we deciphered the phylogenetic relationships of Ps.gracilis.Both plastid and nuclear data indicate that Ps.gracilis is more closely related to Sinosasa,which is discordant with the taxonomic treatment.To further explore this molecular-morphological conflict,we screened 411“perfect-copy”syntenic genes to reconstruct phylogenies using both the concatenation and coalescent methods.We observed extensive discordance between gene trees and the putative species tree.A significant hybridization event was detected based on 411 genes from the D subgenome,showing Ps.gracilis was a hybrid descendant between Sinosasa longiligulata and Ps.nanunica,with 63.56%and 36.44%inheritance probabilities of each parent.Moreover,introgression events were detected in the C subgenome between Ps.gracilis and S.polytricha in the same distribution region.Our findings suggest that sympatric hybridization and introgression play a crucial role in the origin of Ps.gracilis.By providing an empirical example of bamboo of hybrid origin using comprehensive analyses based on genomic data from different inheritance systems and morphological characters,our study represents a step forward in understanding of reticulate evolution of bamboos.

关键词： Phylogenomics Hybridization Introgression Pseudosasa gracilis Pseudosasa Sinosasa

Side Information-Based Stealthy False Data Injection Attacks Against Multi-Sensor Remote Estimation

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 1054-1056页

作者： Haibin guo Zhong-hua Pang Chao Li the Key Laboratory of Fieldbus Technology and Automation of Beijing North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China

Dear Editor,This letter investigates a novel stealthy false data injection(FDI)attack scheme based on side information to deteriorate the multi-sensor estimation performance of cyber-physical systems(CPSs).Compared with most existing works depending on the full system knowledge,this attack scheme is only related to attackers'sensor and physical process model.The design principle of the attack signal is derived to diverge the system estimation performance.Next,it is proven that the proposed attack scheme can successfully bypass the residual-based detector.Finally,all theoretical results are verified by numerical simulation.

关键词： estimation scheme system

Effect of cerium on microstructure,texture and properties of ultrahigh-purity copper

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 220-227,I0008页

作者： Yunxiao hua Haitao Liu Kexing Song Jiangwei Wang Yin'gang guo Jing Tian Huiwen guo Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal New Materials and Advanced Processing Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHenan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471023China Henan Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou450000China Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Henan Zhongyuan Gold Smelter Co. Ltd.Sanmenxia472100China Chinalco Luoyang Copper Processing Co. Ltd.Luoyang471039China

The effects of Ce addition(310 ppm and 1500 ppm)on the microstructure,texture and properties of ultrahigh-purity copper(99.99999%)were systematically studied using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)analyses,combined with the microhardness and conductivity tests.Regarding the microstructure of the as-cast and as-extruded samples,the addition of Ce refines the grain size of the ultrahigh-purity copper and the refinement effect of 310Ce alloy is greater than that of 1500Ce alloy.This is due to the stronger compone nt supercooling and the accele rated recrystallization caused by lower Ce co ntent.In addition,Ce can react with Cu to form the Cu-Ce eutectic phases,which are deformable during the hot deformation.Furthermore,the added Ce can weaken the texture,showing a variation of brass recrystallization(BR),rotated cube,copper and S texture components,which depends on the recrystallization,the particle stimulated nucleation(PSN)as well as the stacking fault energy(SFE).Most remarkably,the introduction of Ce enhances the hardness of the ultrahigh-purity copper without obviously reducing its conductivity.The major{111}orientations and the stress distributions are responsible for such a superior conductivity of the Ce-containing alloys.

关键词： Ce addition Grain refinement Texture Conductivity Ultrahigh-purity copper Rare earths

Microstructure and property of laser additive manufactured alloy Ti–6Al–2V–1.5Mo–0.5Zr–0.3Si after aged at different temperatures

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2275-2281页

作者： guo-Chao Li Xu Cheng hua-Ming Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering National Engineering Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing for Large Metallic Components and Engineering Research Center ofMinistry of Education on Laser Direct Manufacturing for Large Metallic Components Beihang University

The solid solution and aging treatment for conventional manufacturing processes might not be suitable for laser additive manufactured titanium alloys due to the different lamellar microstructures. In this study, the influence of aging temperatures (600, 700 and 800°C) on microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium alloy Ti–6Al–2V–1.5Mo–0.5Zr–0.3Si was investigated. The results indicate that after solid solution treatment at 970°C followed by water quenching, the alloy mainly consists of coarsening lamellar a phase in martensite a’matrix. Aging at 600°C will not change the size of primary lamellar a phase but lead to huge amount of secondary a phases (as)generating with very fine microstructure. By increasing the aging temperature, the number of asdecreases but with coarsened microstructures. When aged at 800°C, the width of the asphase reaches 350 nm, almost 7 times wider than that aged at 600°C. The changing size of asobviously influences the property of the alloy. The fine asleads to high strength and microhardness but low plasticity, and specimen aged at 700°C with suitable assize has the best comprehensive properties.

关键词： α + β titanium alloy Laser additive manufacturing Solid solution and aging treatment Microstructure Room temperature tensile property

Escape probability for isotropic emitters near Kerr black hole with astrometric

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第5期76卷 130-135页

作者： Yu-Xuan Han Qing-hua Zhu Qing-guo huang CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics Chongqing University School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS

The paper investigates the escape probability for isotropic emitters near a Kerr black hole. We propose a new approach to obtain the escape probability in a general manner, going beyond previous case-by-case studies. This approach is based on studies of the black hole shadow with astrometric observable and can be applied to emitters with an arbitrary 4-velocities and locations,even to the emitters outside of the equatorial plane. We also consider representative examples illustrating how escape probabilities vary with distance, velocity, and inclination angle. Overall, this new approach provides an effective method for studying escape probabilities near Kerr black holes.

关键词： isotropic emitters Kerr black hole photon escape probability

Thin polymer electrolyte with MXene functional layer for uniform Li^(+) deposition in all-solid-state lithium battery

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第1期9卷 71-80页

作者： Weijie Kou Yafang Zhang Wenjia Wu Zibiao guo Quanxian hua Jingtao Wang School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

Solid polymer electrolyte(SPE) shows great potential for all-solid-state batteries because of the inherent safety and flexibility;however, the unfavourable Li+deposition and large thickness hamper its development and application. Herein, a laminar MXene functional layer-thin SPE layer-cathode integration(MXene-PEO-LFP) is designed and fabricated. The MXene functional layer formed by stacking rigid MXene nanosheets imparts higher compressive strength relative to PEO electrolyte layer. And the abundant negatively-charged groups on MXene functional layer effectively repel anions and attract cations to adjust the charge distribution behavior at electrolyte–anode interface. Furthermore,the functional layer with rich lithiophilic groups and outstanding electronic conductivity results in low Li nucleation overpotential and nucleation energy barrier. In consequence, the cell assembled with MXene-PEO-LFP, where the PEO electrolyte layer is only 12 μm, much thinner than most solid electrolytes, exhibits uniform, dendrite-free Li+deposition and excellent cycling stability. High capacity(142.8 mAh g-1), stable operation of 140 cycles(capacity decay per cycle, 0.065%), and low polarization potential(0.5 C) are obtained in this Li|MXene-PEO-LFP cell,which is superior to most PEO-based electrolytes under identical condition. This integrated design may provide a strategy for the large-scale application of thin polymer electrolytes in all-solid-state battery.

关键词： MXene nanosheet Laminar functional layer Thin polymer electrolyte Dendrite-free Liþdeposition All-solid-state lithium battery