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The molecular regulation of cell pluripotency in plants

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aBIOTECH 2020年第3期1卷 169-177页

作者： Chongyi Xu yuxin hu Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China National Center for Plant Gene Research Beijing 100093China

Plants have a remarkably regenerative capability to replace the damaged organs or form the new organs and individuals both in vivo and in vitro,which is fundamental for their developmental plasticity and the agricultural *** regenerative capacities of plants are highly dependent on the totipotency or pluripotency of somatic cells,whose fates are directed by phytohormones,wounding,and other *** studies have revealed that the two types of cellular reprogramming are involved in the acquisition of cell pluripotency during plant in vitro and in vivo regeneration *** review focuses on the recent advances of the cellular origin,molecular characteristic,and genetic and epigenetic regulations of cell pluripotency acquisition in plants,highlighting the molecular frameworks of cellular reprogramming activated by diverse stimuli and their possible potentials in regeneration-based plant biotechnologies.

关键词： Pluripotency Phytohormone Wounding Reprogramming Regeneration

Identification of auxin responsive genes in Arabidopsis by cDNA array

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第7期47卷 548-552页

作者： Bao Fang hu yuxin Li Jiayang Institute of Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences100101BeijingChina

The plant hormone auxin influences a variety of developmental and physiological processes. But the mechanism of its action is quite unclear. In order to identify and analyze the expression of auxin responsive genes, a cDNA array approach was used to screen for genes with altered expression from Arabidopsis suspension culture after IAA treatment and was identified 50 differentially expressed genes from 13824 cDNA clones. These genes were related to signal transduction, stress responses, senescence, photosynthesis, protein biosynthesis and transportation. The results provide the molecular evidence that auxin influences a variety of physiological processes and pave a way for further investigation of the mechanism of auxin action. Furthermore, we found that the expression of a ClpC (regulation subunit of Clp protease) was repressed by exogenous auxin, but increased in dark-induced senescing leaves. This suggests that ClpC may be a senescence-associated gene and can be regulated by auxin.

关键词： cDNA array auxin responsive genes Arabidopsis thaliana ClpC senescence-associated genes.

A novel synthetic aperture radar scattering model for sea surface with breaking waves

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第4期41卷 138-145页

作者： Xiaochen Wang yuxin hu Bing Han Wei Tian Chunhua Zhang Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China The box51111 Beijing 100190China

In this study a novel synthetic aperture radar(SAR)scattering model for sea surface with breaking waves is *** with existing models,the proposed model considers an empirical relationship between wind speed and wave breaking scattering to present the contribution of wave ***,the scattering weight factor p,and wave breaking rate q,are performed to present the contribution of the quasi-specular scattering term,Bragg scattering term,and wave breaking scattering term to the total scattering from the sea *** explore the modeling accuracy of sea-surface scattering,a simulated normalized radar cross-section(NRCS)and measured NRCS are *** proposed model generated the simulated NRCS and a matching GF-3 dataset was used for the measured *** was revealed that the performance of the VV polarization of our model was much better than that of HH polarization,with a correlation of 0.91,bias of-0.14 dB,root mean square error(RMSE)of 1.26 dB,and scattering index(SI)*** addition,the novel model is explored and compared with the geophysical model of CMODs and satellite-measured NRCS from GF-3 SAR wave mode *** an incidence angle 40°–41°,the relationship between the NRCS and wind speed,relative wind direction is *** with the SAR-measured NRCS,the performance of VV polarization was much better than HH polarization,with a correlation of 0.99,bias of-0.25 dB,RMSE of 0.64 dB,and SI of-0.04.

关键词： synthetic aperture radar scattering model sea surface wave breaking

Arabidopsis SMALL ORGAN_4, a homolog of yeast NOP_(53), regulates cell proliferation rate during organ growth

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第10期57卷 810-818页

作者： Xiao-Ran Zhang Zhixiang Qin Xiao Zhang yuxin hu Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Plant Gene Research

Cel proliferation is a fundamental event essential for plant organogenesis and contributes greatly to the final organ size. Although the control of cel proliferation in plants has been extensively studied, how the plant sets the cel number required for a single organ is largely elusive. Here, we describe the Arabidopsis SMALL ORGAN 4 (SMO4) that functions in the regulation of cell proliferation rate and thus final organ size. The smo4 mutant exhibits a reduced size of organs due to the decreased cell number, and further analysis reveals that such phenotype results from a retardation of the cell cycle progression during organ development. SMO4 encodes a homolog of NUCLEOLAR PROTEIN 53 (NOP53) in Saccharomy-ces cerevisiae and is expressed primarily in tissues undergoing cel proliferation. Nevertheless, further complementation tests show that SMO4 could not rescue the lethal defect of NOP53 mutant of S. cerevisiae. These results define SMO4 as an important regulator of cell proliferation during organ growth and suggest that SMO4 might have been evolutionarily divergent from NOP53.

关键词： Arabidopsis cell proliferation NOP53 organ size SMO4

Monitoring gene expression by cDNA array

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第5期44卷 441-444页

作者： yuxin hu Chang Han Zhonglin Mou Jiayang Li Chinese Acad Sci Inst Genet Beijing 100101 Peoples R China DeMontfort Univ Beijing Ctr Norman Borlaug Inst Bot Leicester Leics England

A new method designated cDNA array was developed by hybridization of quantitatively arrayed DNA samples isolated randomly from a cDNA library with probes reverse-transcribed from mRNAs of different sources or treatments. The gene expression patterns of 1 000 randomly chosen clones from an Arabidopsis library were analyzed with green seedlings versus suspension cells and seedlings irradiated under UV light. Northern blot and sequence analysis of some differentially expressed clones confirmed the results revealed by cDNA array, indicating that this method is efficient and reliable to monitor gene expression.

关键词： gene expression cDNA array functional genomics Arabidopsis thaliana.

First assessment of Noise-Equivalent Sigma-Zero in GF3-02 TOPSAR mode with sea surface wind speed retrieval

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第10期42卷 84-96页

作者： Junxin Yang Lihua Zhong Xinzhe Yuan Xiaochen Wang Bing Han yuxin hu Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China National Satellite Ocean Application Service Beijing 100081China

Gaofen-3-02(GF3-02)is the first C-band synthetic aperture radar(SAR)satellite with terrain observation with progressive scans of SAR(TOPSAR)imaging mode in China,which plays an essential role in marine environment *** the weak scattering characteristics of the ocean,the system thermal noise superimposed on SAR images has significant interference,especially in cross-polarization ***-Equivalent Sigma-Zero(NESZ)is a measure of the sensitivity of the radar to areas of low *** NESZ is defined to be the scattering cross-section coefficient of an area which contributes a mean level in the image equal to the signal-independent additive noise *** TOPSAR,NESZ exhibits the shape of the SAR scanning gain curve in the azimuth and the shape of the antenna pattern in the ***,the accurate measurement of NESZ plays a vital role in the application of spaceborne SAR sea surface cross-polarization *** paper proposes a theoretical calculation method for the NESZ curve in GF3-02 TOPSAR mode based on SAR noise inner calibration data and the imaging algorithm.A method for correcting the error existing in the theoretical curve of NESZ is also proposed according to the relationship between sea surface backscattering and wind speed and the same characteristics of target scattering in the overlapping area of adjacent *** to assessment with wide-swath TOPSAR cross-polarization data,the GF3-02 TOPSAR mode has a very low thermal noise level,which is better than−33 dB at the edge of each beam,and controlled below−38 dB at the center of the *** two-dimensional reference curves of the NESZ of each beam are provided to the GF3-02 TOPSAR *** discussing the relationship between normalized radar cross section(NRCS)and wind speed,we provide a formula for NRCS related to wind speed and radar incidence *** with the NRCS derived from this formula and the NESZ-subtracted NRCS of SAR images,the bias is−0.0048

关键词： GF3-02 TOPSAR Noise-Equivalent Sigma-Zero(NESZ) cross-polarization normalized radar cross section(NRCS) sea surface wind

Plant stem cells and their regulations in shoot apical meristems

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Frontiers in Biology 2010年第5期5卷 417-423页

作者： Chun-Ming LIU yuxin hu Center for Signal Transduction&Metabolomics Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

Stem cells in plants,established during embry-ogenesis,are located in the centers of the shoot apical meristem(SAM)and the root apical meristem(RAM).Stem cells in SAM have a capacity to renew themselves and to produce new organs and tissues indeﬁ*** fully differentiated organs such as leaves do not contain stem cells,cells in such organs do have the capacity to re-establish new stem cells,especially under the induction of phytohormones in *** and auxin are critical in creating position signals in the SAM to maintain the stem cell organizing center and to position the new organ primordia,*** review addresses the distinct features of plant stem cells and focuses on how stem cell renewal and differentiation are regulated in SAMs.

关键词： plant stem cell shoot apical meristem root apical meristem

A novel adaptive heuristic dynamic programming-based algorithm for aircraft confrontation games

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Fundamental Research 2021年第6期1卷 792-799页

作者： Yi Mao Zhijie Chen Yi Yang yuxin hu State Key Laboratory of Air Traffic Management System and Technology Nanjing 210007China

Intelligent confrontation has become a vital technology for future air *** games between a penetrating aircraft and an intercepting aircraft are essential for modern air *** addition,the perfor-mance indexes of both the interceptor and penetrator must be *** methods only solve one side’s guidance problem without considering the intelligence of the *** this paper,an adaptive heuristic dynamic programming-based algorithm is proposed for aircraft confrontation *** algorithm constructs a heuristic dynamic programming model for both confrontation aircraft and then updates the critical and ac-tion network parameters using the dynamic confrontation state *** simulations indicate that the proposed algorithm can optimize the guidance law for both the interceptor and penetrator and is therefore superior to traditional proportional navigation methods.

关键词： Aircraft confrontation Optimal control Neural network Adaptive heuristic dynamic programming Flight simulation

Two Arabidopsis Receptor-like Cytoplasmic Kinases SZE1 and SZE2 Associate with the ZAR1-ZED1 Complex and Are Required for Effector-Triggered Immunity

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Molecular Plant 2019年第7期12卷 967-983页

作者： Cheng Liu Dayong Cui Jingbo Zhao Na Liu Bo Wang Jing Liu Enjun Xu Zhubing hu Dongtao Ren Dingzhong Tang yuxin hu Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China School of Life Sciences Qilu Normal University Jinan 250200 China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops Plant Immunity Center Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Institute of Plant Stress Biology State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Department of Biology Henan University Kaifeng 475001 China National Center for Plant Gene Research Beijing 100093 China

Plants utilize intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat domain-containing receptors (NLRs) to recognize pathogen effectors and induce a robust defense response named effector-triggered immunity (ETI). The Arabidopsis NLR protein HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE 1 (ZAR1) forms a precomplex with HOPZ-ETI-DEFICIENT 1 (ZED1),a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK) XII-2 subfamily member, to recognize the Pseudomonas syringae effector HopZ1 a. We previously described a dominant mutant of Arabi-dopsis ZED1, zed1-D, which displays temperature-sensitive autoimmunity in a ZAR1-dependent manner. Here, we report that the RLCKs SUPPRESSOR OF ZED1-D1 (SZE1) and SZE2 associate with the ZAR1-ZED1 complex and are required for the ZED7-D-activated autoimmune response and HopZ1a-triggered immunity. We show that SZE1 but not SZE2 has autophosphorylation activity, and that the N-terminal myristoylation of both SZE1 and SZE2 is critical for their plasma membrane localization and ZED1-D-activated autoimmunity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SZE1 and SZE2 both interact with ZAR1 to form ja functional complex and are required for resistance against P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 ex-pressing HopZIa. We also provide evidence that SZE1 and SZE2 interact with HopZ1a and function together with ZED1 to change the intramolecular interactions of ZAR1, leading to its activation. Taken together, our re-sults reveal SZE1 and SZE2 as critical signaling components of HopZ1a-triggered immunity.

关键词： Arabidopsis RLCK SZE-ZAR1-ZED1 complex HopZIa immune response