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Classifying hepatitis B therapies with insights from covalently closed circular DNA dynamics

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 9-23页

作者： Jie-Li hu Ai-long huang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China

The achievement of a functional cure for chronic hepatitis B(CHB)remains limited to a minority of patients treated with currently approved drugs.The primary objective in developing new anti-HBV drugs is to enhance the functional cure rates for CHB.A critical prerequisite for the functional cure of CHB is a substantial reduction,or even eradication of covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA).Within this context,the changes in cccDNA levels during treatment become as a pivotal concern.We have previously analyzed the factors influencing cccDNA dynamics and introduced a preliminary classification of hepatitis B treatment strategies based on these dynamics.In this review,we employ a systems thinking perspective to elucidate the fundamental aspects of the HBV replication cycle and to rationalize the classification of treatment strategies according to their impact on the dynamic equilibrium of cccDNA.Building upon this foundation,we categorize current anti-HBV strategies into two distinct groups and advocate for their combined use to significantly reduce cccDNA levels within a well-defined timeframe.

关键词： Hepatitis B cccDNA Functional cure Dynamics Treatment Strategy

Geometric phase-encoded stimuli-responsive cholesteric liquid crystals for visualizing real-time remote monitoring:humidity sensing as a proof of concept

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 283-293页

作者： Shi-long Li Zhao-Yi Chen Peng Chen Wei hu Chaohong huang Sen-Sen Li Xuejia hu Yan-Qing Lu Lu-Jian Chen Department of Electronic Engineering School of Electronic Science and EngineeringXiamen University361005 XiamenChina College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University210093 NanjingChina Fujian Key Laboratory of Ultrafast Laser Technology and Applications Xiamen University361005 XiamenChina

Liquid crystals are a vital component of modern photonics,and recent studies have demonstrated the exceptional sensing properties of stimuli-responsive cholesteric liquid crystals.However,existing cholesteric liquid crystal-based sensors often rely on the naked eye perceptibility of structural color or the measurement of wavelength changes by spectrometric tools,which limits their practical applications.Therefore,developing a platform that produces recognizable sensing signals is critical.In this study,we present a visual sensing platform based on geometric phase encoding of stimuli-responsive cholesteric liquid crystal polymers that generates real-time visual patterns,rather than frequency changes.To demonstrate this platform’s effectiveness,we used a humidity-responsive cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film encoded with a q-plate pattern,which revealed that humidity causes a shape change in the vortex beam reflected from the encoded cholesteric liquid crystal polymers.Moreover,we developed a prototype platform towards remote humidity monitoring benefiting from the high directionality and long-range transmission properties of laser beams carrying orbital angular momentum.Our approach provides a novel sensing platform for cholesteric liquid crystals-based sensors that offers promising practical applications.The ability to generate recognizable sensing signals through visual patterns offers a new level of practicality in the sensing field with stimuli-responsive cholesteric liquid crystals.This platform might have significant implications for a broad readership and will be of interest to researchers working in the field of photonics and sensing technology.

关键词： humidity visual liquid

Seismic stability of expansive soil slopes reinforced by anchor cables using a modified horizontal slice method

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 377-387页

作者： Wang long Chen Guoxing hu Wei Zhou Enquan Feng Jianxue huang Anping School of Mechnical Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironmental Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Architectural Engineering College Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Civil Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China

Earthquake-induced slope failures are common occurrences in engineering practice and pre-stressed anchor cables are an effective technique in maintaining slope stability,especially in areas that are prone to earthquakes.Furthermore,the soil at typical engineering sites also exhibit unsaturated features.Explicit considerations of these factors in slope stability estimations are crucial in producing accurate results.In this study,the seismic responses of expansive soil slopes stabilized by anchor cables is studied in the realm of kinematic limit analysis.A modified horizontal slice method is proposed to semi-analytically formulate the energy balance equation.An illustrative slope is studied to demonstrate the influences of suction,seismic excitations and anchor cables on the slope stability.The results indicate that the stabilizing effect of soil suction relates strongly to the seismic excitation and presents a sine shape as the seismic wave propagates.In higher and steeper slopes,the stabilizing effect of suction is more evident.The critical slip surface tends to be much more shallow as the seismic wave approaches the peak and vice versa.

关键词： limit analysis expansive soil slope matric suction anchor cable pseudo-dynamic analysis

Potential therapeutic role of spermine via Rac1 in osteoporosis:Insights from zebrafish and mice

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 367-380页

作者： Rui-Xue Jiang Nan hu Yu-Wei Deng long-Wei hu Hao Gu Nan Luo Jin Wen Xin-Quan Jiang Department of Prosthodontics Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China College of Stomatology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai 200125China Department of Endodontics Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200011China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200011China Department of Preventive Dentistry Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200011China

Osteoporosis(OP)is a prevalent metabolic bone disease.While drug therapy is essential to prevent bone loss in osteoporotic patients,current treatments are limited by side effects and high costs,necessitating the development of more effective and safer targeted therapies.Utilizing a zebrafish(Danio rerio)larval model of osteoporosis,we explored the influence of the metabolite spermine on bone homeostasis.Results showed that spermine exhibited dual activity in osteoporotic zebrafish larvae by increasing bone formation and decreasing bone resorption.Spermine not only demonstrated excellent biosafety but also mitigated prednisolone-induced embryonic neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity.Notably,spermine showcased protective attributes in the nervous systems of both zebrafish embryos and larvae.At the molecular level,Rac1 was identified as playing a pivotal role in mediating the antiosteoporotic effects of spermine,with P53 potentially acting downstream of Rac1.These findings were confirmed using mouse(Mus musculus)models,in which spermine not only ameliorated osteoporosis but also promoted bone formation and mineralization under healthy conditions,suggesting strong potential as a bonestrengthening agent.This study underscores the beneficial role of spermine in osteoporotic bone homeostasis and skeletal system development,highlighting pivotal molecular mediators.Given their efficacy and safety,human endogenous metabolites like spermine are promising candidates for new anti-osteoporotic drug development and daily bone-fortifying agents.

关键词： Osteoporosis Spermine Rac1 Zebrafish Mice

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The Effect of Blending Ratio on the Structure and Properties of the PPR/PS In situ Fiber Reinforced System Prepared by Multi-Flow Vibration Injection Molding

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 851-863页

作者： Yan-Jiang Li Meng-long hu Jun-Wen Zhang Qiang Fu Jie Zhang College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

To enhance the mechanical properties of polypropylene random copolymer(PPR),polystyrene(PS)with four different contents were added to the PPR matrix through melt blending.Subsequently,using the Multi-Flow Vibration Injection Molding(MFVIM)technology,PPR/PS in situ microfiber composites(MFC)with different blending ratios were prepared.The results indicated that blending ratio had a great impact on the phase morphology and crystal structure of MFVIM samples,which was different from those of conventional injection molding(CIM)samples.PS ultrafine fibers could be formed under the shear field and could absorb the PPR molecular chains to form hybrid shish-kebab structures.Meanwhile,the PPR matrix could also form shish-kebab structures under the effect of strong shear.When the PS content reached 20%,under the combined action of PS in situ microfibers and highly oriented crystal structure,the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the sample were obviously improved and the impact strength remained at a relatively high level.So a strong and tough balanced PPR based material was obtained.These results provide valuable insights for expanding the industrial and daily-life applications of PPR and show promising development prospects.

关键词： PPR MFVIM In situ microfibers Shearfield Hybrid shish-kebab structures

Microstructure,wear and friction behavior of CoCrAITaY-xCNTs composite coatings deposited by laser-induction hybrid cladding

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1815-1827页

作者： Sheng-Feng Zhou Yu long Yan-Liang Yi Cheng Deng Lian-Xi hu Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials Jinan University Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) Huazhong University of Science and Technology MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for NonFerrous Metals and Materials Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-Ferrous Metals and Featured Materials Guangxi University School of Mechatronics Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

To improve the wear performance of CoCrAlYTa coating,part of the carbon nanotubes（CNTs）chemically reacted with Ta to form reinforcement phase（TaC）,while the other CNTs were retained as lubrication phase.Subsequently,the CoCrAlYTa-xCNTs（x=0,1,2,and 4;wt%） composite coatings were prepared by laserinduction hybrid cladding（LIHC）,and the microstructure and wear resistance of coatings were systematically analyzed.Results show that the coatings are mainly composed of TaC,y-（Co,Cr） and β-（Co,Cr）Al.As the CNTs content increases from 0 wt% to 4 wt%,the volume fraction of TaC increases from 13.11 vol% to 16.12 vol%.Meanwhile,the nano-hardness of γ-（Co,Cr） and β-（Co,Cr）Al are improved from 7.49 and 9.72 to 9.36 and 11.19 GPa,respectively.As a result,the microhardness of coating increases from HV536.25 to HV 738.16,the wear rate decreases from32.4 × 10-3to 6.1 × 10-3mg·m-1,and the average friction coefficient decreases from 0.55 to 0.44.The good wear performance of the coating is attributed to the formation of TaC and the existence of remained CNTs lubricant film.

关键词： Carbon nanotube MCrAlY coating Friction and wear performance Laser-induction hybrid cladding

Cucurbit[8]uril-regulated face-to-face dimerization assembly enhanced photosensitization and photocatalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1605-1612页

作者： Haigen Nie Die hu Zhiyao Zeng Yan Fan Yaxin Zhai Xin-long Ni Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Ministry of Educational of ChinaKey Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of PhysicsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China

In water, N,N′-diarylpyridinium thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole guests(G1–G3) were encapsulated by cucurbit[8]uril(Q[8]) to construct Q[8]_(3)/G_(2) complexes, in which the encapsulated G molecules exist as an exact face-to-face dimer. These complexation behaviors have been indicated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance(~1H NMR) spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC),and have been confirmed by X-ray single crystal structural analysis of Q[8]_(3)/G2_(2). While free guests G1–G3 have no ability to sensitize singlet oxygen, they all become effective singlet oxygen sensitizers when complexed with Q[8]. By irradiation of white light, Q[8]_(3)/G_(2) complexes induced selective oxidation of aryl sulfide to aryl sulfoxide in good yields and selective oxidation of dimethyl sulfide(DMS) to dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) in excellent yields without over-oxidation to dimethyl sulfone(DMSO_(2))even for elongated irradiation. High-yield photo-oxidation of DMS to DMSO_(2) was only achieved by irradiation of blue light in the presence of Q[8]_(3)/G1_(2), which was also effective in photobleaching of Rhodamine B in water. The higher photo-oxidation power of Q[8]_(3)/G1_(2) has been ascribed to an additional generation of reactive oxygen species besides singlet oxygen.

关键词： host-guest interaction dimerization macrocycles photosensitization

Numerical Simulation of the Mass Movement Process of the 2018 Sedongpu Glacial Debris Flow by Using the Fluid-Solid Coupling Method

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 583-596页

作者： Xing-Yu long Yu-Xiang hu Bin-Rui Gan Jia-Wen Zhou State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Water Resource and Hydropower Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

In the context of global warming and intensified human activities,glacier instability in plateau regions has increased,and glacier debris flows have become active,which poses a significant threat to the lives and property of people and socioeconomic development.The mass movement process of glacier debris flows is extremely complex,so this paper uses the 2018 Sedongpu glacier debris flow event on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as an example and applies a numerical simulation method to invert the whole process of mass movement.In view of the interaction between phases in the process of motion,we use the fluid-solid coupling method to describe the mass movement.The granular-flow model and drift-flux model are employed in FLOW3D software to study the mass movement process of glacier debris flows and explore their dynamic characteristics.The results indicate that the glacier debris flow lasted for 700 s,and the movement process was roughly divided into four stages,including initiation,scraping,surging and deposition;the depositional characteristics calculated by the fluid-solid coupling model are consistent with the actual survey results and have good reliability;strong erosion occurs during the mass movement,the clear volume amplification effect,and the first wave climbs 17.8 m across the slope.The fluid-solid coupling method can better simulate glacier debris flows in plateau regions,which is helpful for the study of the mechanism and dynamic characteristics of such disasters.

关键词： glacial debris flow Qinghai-Tibet Plateau fluid-solid coupling FLOW3D mass movement depositional characteristics disasters engineering geology

Aptamer-based Membrane Protein Analysis and Molecular Diagnostics

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第2期40卷 173-189页

作者： ZHAO long hu Haolan MA Xiaoqian LYU Yifan YUAN Quan TAN Weihong Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory(MBL) State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsCollege of BiologyCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringAptamer Engineering Center of Hunan ProvinceHunan UniversityChangsha410082P.R.China The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital) Hangzhou Institute of Medicine(HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou310022P.R.China Institute of Molecular Medicine(IMM) Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P.R.China Furong Laboratory Changsha410082P.R.China

Membrane proteins are vital components of the cell membrane and play crucial roles in various cellular activities.Analysis of membrane proteins is of paramount importance for studying molecular events inside cells and organisms and holds promising prospects for early disease diagnosis and treatment assessment.Benefiting from obvious merits including high affinity,high specificity and ease of modification,aptamers have been regarded as ideal molecular recognition elements in membrane protein analysis and molecular diagnostics strategies.This review summarised recent advances in membrane protein-specific aptamer screening,aptamer-based static and dynamic membrane protein analysis,and aptamer-based molecular diagnostic techniques.Prospects and challenges were also discussed.

关键词： Membrane protein Aptamer DNA nanotechnology Bioanalysis Molecular diagnostics