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居民参与生态社区建设意愿与行为悖离的影响因素——基于山东省东营市居民调查数据分析

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地域研究与开发 2024年第1期43卷 61-66,73页

作者：曹虎靳敏武照亮唐伟中国人民大学环境学院北京100872 山西大学政治与公共管理学院太原030006 日照市东港区检验检测中心山东日照276826

基于山东省东营市586份调查数据,从垃圾分类、绿色消费、绿色出行及生态实践活动4个维度综合分析居民参与生态社区建设意愿与行为的悖离程度,并探究其影响因素。结果表明:(1)居民参与生态社区建设综合意愿强度指数为0.909,综合行为强度... 详细信息

基于山东省东营市586份调查数据,从垃圾分类、绿色消费、绿色出行及生态实践活动4个维度综合分析居民参与生态社区建设意愿与行为的悖离程度,并探究其影响因素。结果表明:(1)居民参与生态社区建设综合意愿强度指数为0.909,综合行为强度指数为0.415,表明较高的参与意愿并不必然导致较高的参与行为。(2)参与意愿主要受心理认同、个体特征及社区推动措施的影响,参与行为主要受心理认同、社区体验及情境因素的影响。(3)居民年龄、受教育程度、收入水平、环保设施和宣教活动的差异拉大了参与意愿和行为的悖离程度。(4)单维度参与意愿和行为的影响因素不同。建议从提高居民心理认同感和满意度、提升社区治理能力和水平、关注居民特征差异、完善社区环保推动措施、加强行为规范等方面入手建设生态社区。

关键词：居民生态社区意愿与行为悖离影响因素东营市

城轨车辆直流辅助供电变频空调综合电源与控制方案研究

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现代城市轨道交通 2024年第2期 35-42页

作者：吕艳宗曹虎毕京斌中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司山东青岛266031

现有城轨车辆的辅助供电以工频交流系统为主,其输出的AC380V交流电为变频空调等设备供电,且空调电气控制未与辅助电源设备统一考虑、协同设计,造成系统电源重复变换,供电效率不高。文章在分析现有辅助供电技术和变频空调电气控制技术的... 详细信息

现有城轨车辆的辅助供电以工频交流系统为主,其输出的AC380V交流电为变频空调等设备供电,且空调电气控制未与辅助电源设备统一考虑、协同设计,造成系统电源重复变换,供电效率不高。文章在分析现有辅助供电技术和变频空调电气控制技术的基础上,采用近年逐步展开研究的中高频变流技术、变频空调综合电源与控制技术,提出一种采用直流架构的辅助供电系统及变频空调的综合电源与控制方案,首先详细阐述2种系统架构设计思路、综合电源装置的电气组成和控制方案,其次分析其在提高供电效率、减少部件数量、增强空调协同控制、提高乘车环境舒适性等方面的优势,同时指出方案的技术难点,最后对所述方案的技术和功能提升进行展望。

关键词：城轨车辆变频空调直流辅助供电综合电源与控制

5-氨基-2H-吡唑-3,4-双酮-3-肟-4-腙及其含能离子盐的合成与性能调控

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含能材料 2024年第6期32卷 608-614页

作者：胡李劲草孙环宇安子伟赵子昌黄伟刘雨季南京理工大学化学与化工学院江苏南京210094

以4-氯-3,5-二硝基-1H-吡唑为原料,经胺化及取代/还原反应得到5-氨基-2H-吡唑-3,4-双酮-3-肟-4-腙(3),并制备了3种含能离子盐——高氯酸盐(4)、硝酸盐(5)和5,5΄-二硝氨基-3,3΄-偶氮-1,2,4-噁二唑盐(6)。通过溶剂挥发法得到了化合物3和4... 详细信息

以4-氯-3,5-二硝基-1H-吡唑为原料,经胺化及取代/还原反应得到5-氨基-2H-吡唑-3,4-双酮-3-肟-4-腙(3),并制备了3种含能离子盐——高氯酸盐(4)、硝酸盐(5)和5,5΄-二硝氨基-3,3΄-偶氮-1,2,4-噁二唑盐(6)。通过溶剂挥发法得到了化合物3和4的单晶,并通过X-射线单晶衍射法对其进行表征。通过核磁共振波谱、红外光谱等方法对含能化合物3~6的结构进行表征;通过真密度仪、差示扫描量热仪、撞击感度仪、摩擦感度仪等对其性能进行测试;同时理论计算了其生成焓和爆轰性能。结果表明,化合物3为平面构型,酮肟和酮腙具有显著的双键特征,降低了吡唑环的共轭性,使其易于成盐。成盐后不同阴离子对中性化合物的性能有着多方面的影响。其中高氯酸根阴离子不但改善了化合物的氧平衡,还提高了化合物的密度,使得高氯酸盐4的爆速和爆压(8499 m·s^(-1),30.2 GPa)相比中性化合物3(8072 m·s^(-1),22.5 GPa)有一定程度提升;另外5,5΄-二硝氨基-3,3΄-偶氮-1,2,4-噁二唑显著提高了中性化合物3的分解温度,由135℃上升至285℃。结果表明通过阴阳离子的合理搭配,可以有效调控目标含能化合物的性能。

关键词：吡唑含能离子盐合成表征

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相同剂量分割照射与单次照射对小鼠放射性心脏损伤的影响

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军事医学 2024年第4期48卷 251-259页

作者：曹虎王唱垚邵靖媛刘杰王溢豪何智超胡舜英王华军事科学院军事医学研究院北京100850 河北大学生命科学学院河北保定071002 解放军总医院心血管病医学部北京100853 安徽医科大学生命科学学院合肥230032

目的探索相同剂量分割照射与单次照射对小鼠放射性心脏损伤的影响。方法野生型C57BL/6J小鼠21只,随机分为正常对照组、分割照射组和单次照射组。采用18 Gy X射线,对小鼠心脏分别进行分割(3 Gy/次,6次)和单次照射,建立放射性心脏损伤模... 详细信息

目的探索相同剂量分割照射与单次照射对小鼠放射性心脏损伤的影响。方法野生型C57BL/6J小鼠21只,随机分为正常对照组、分割照射组和单次照射组。采用18 Gy X射线,对小鼠心脏分别进行分割(3 Gy/次,6次)和单次照射,建立放射性心脏损伤模型。照射后7和28 d通过全自动生化分析仪检测小鼠心肌酶损伤标志物肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶MB(CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和LDH1,以及外周血清离子(K^(+)、Ca^(2+)、Fe^(2+)和Cl^(-))的浓度;照射后28 d检测小鼠心脏功能,记录并分析左心室射血分数(EF)、左心室短轴缩短率(FS)、左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左心室质量(LV mass)和左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)的变化;激光共聚焦显微镜观察心肌细胞线粒体膜通道孔(mPTP)开放和线粒体膜电位的改变;透射电镜观察心肌超微结构;Masson染色观察心肌纤维化;油红染色观察主动脉粥样硬化;实时定量PCR(RT-qPCR)和Western印迹检测凋亡相关基因与蛋白B细胞淋巴瘤-2相关蛋白X(BAX)和胱天蛋白酶3(casepase-3)的表达。结果18 Gy X射线照射后7 d,单次照射组小鼠CK、CK-MB、LDH和LDH1的表达水平均显著升高或有升高趋势,而分割照射组仅有CK和LDH1出现升高趋势。照射后28 d,2种照射方式均可导致心肌酶谱4种酶的表达水平升高。照射后7和28 d,2种照射方式均可导致血清离子K^(+)、Fe^(2+)、Ca^(2+)和Cl^(-)的浓度明显降低。2种照射方式都会导致EF和FS降低,LV mass、LVEDV和LVESV升高,2组之间EF和FS的差别具有统计学意义。分割照射和单次照射均会导致mPTP和膜电位的降低,其中单次照射组的改变更加显著,2组之间的差异具有统计学意义。电镜观察发现,X射线照射后心肌细胞线粒体嵴减少,空泡化形成以及心肌纤维束增粗。Masson染色可见,X射线照射后小鼠心肌组织胶原纤维沉积,单次照射组更明显。主动脉大体油红染色发现,2种照射方式均会对小鼠主动脉造成损伤,单次照射组粥样硬化斑块的面积比更大,与分割照射组之间差异存在统计学意义。RT-qPCR和Wester印迹结果显示,X射线照射可导致心肌组织凋亡相关BAX和casepase-3的表达水平增加,在核酸水平单次照射组升高更显著,与分割照射组之间的差异具有统计学意义。结论相同剂量分割照射和单次照射都会造成小鼠心脏损伤,2种方式均可用于建立放射性心脏损伤模型;单次照射对小鼠心脏造成的损伤更加显著,可根据实际需求选择不同造模方式。

关键词：放射性心脏损伤小鼠动物模型分割照射单次照射

Excited-state Intramolecular Proton Transfer Mechanisms of Thiazole-based Chemosensor: a TD-DFT Study

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2020年第11期39卷 1933-1940页

作者： cao hu LIU Gai-Mei CAI Jia WANG Yan School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Hubei Minzu UniversityEnshi 445000China Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems National Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanState Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China

The excited-state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT) mechanisms of 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenylthiazole(HPT) and 2-(5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenylthiazole(BrHPT) have been systematically investigated by density functional theory(DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory(TDDFT) methods, approaching along with the polarizable continuum model(PCM). The calculated primary bond lengths and bond angles demonstrate that HPT and BrHPT can form intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the ground state(S0), which can be significantly strengthened in the first excited state(S1). Our calculated results well reproduce the experimental absorption and emission spectra. Upon addition of F-, the proton can move close to F-and the hydroxy moieties are deprotonated, which cause a red-shift in absorption and a new emission peak in fluorescence emission with the disappearance of the dual fluorescence emission. The calculated Mulliken’s charge distribution and frontier molecular orbitals further demonstrate that the ESIPT processes are more likely to occur in the S1 state. The constructed potential energy curves of the S0 and S1 states confirm that the proton transfer processes are hard to occur in the S0 state due to the high energy barriers. Moreover, much lower energy barriers are found in the S1 state, which proves that the ESIPT processes are more likely to take place in the S1 state. In addition, compound with electron withdrawing(-Br) group might result in much stronger intramolecular hydrogen bond and owns lower energy barrier, which can facilitate the ESIPT processes.

关键词： density functional theory ESIPT 2-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-4-phenylthiazole potential energy curves

专门教育数字化课程的研发与运行——基于山东淄博德志学校的实践

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预防青少年犯罪研究 2024年第1期 84-90页

作者：曹虎苏春景王长征山东淄博德志学校山东淄博256403

专门教育是我国国民教育体系的重要组成部分,其功能是有效而精准地预防未成年人犯罪、依法保护未成年人身心健康成长。课程建设严重缺位是当前亟待解决的问题。为此,山东淄博德志学校在传统教育方式方法的基础上,借助数字化手段研发了... 详细信息

专门教育是我国国民教育体系的重要组成部分,其功能是有效而精准地预防未成年人犯罪、依法保护未成年人身心健康成长。课程建设严重缺位是当前亟待解决的问题。为此,山东淄博德志学校在传统教育方式方法的基础上,借助数字化手段研发了“专门教育数字化课程”。该课程分两个系统:一个是自主研发的课程体系,即“课程”;一个系统是自主数字化教学管理系统,即“数字化”,是技术支持平台。依托该课程,可以进行自动排课、自主学习、家校互动,较好的实现了“一人一策”的教育矫正目标,减轻了教师的负担,取得了明显的成效。

关键词：课程专门教育数字化

Entransy and entropy revisited

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第27期56卷 2974-2977页

作者： hu GuoJie cao BingYang GUO ZengYuan Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Aerospace Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Entransy, a recently developed concept, is the central physical quantity characterizing heat transfer processes not related to heat-to-work conversions. The entransy of an object pertains to the nature of the potential energy of heat in a thermal field and describes its heat transfer ability. In the present study, we revisit this concept, and develop its relationship to state and process quantities. This then enables a direct comparison to the more familiar concept, entropy, the central physical quantity in thermody- namics. The comparison helps to identify the role entransy has in heat transfer processes and highlight under what conditions state and process quantities related to entransy can be distinguished in such processes. As to embody the entransy loss due to work expended between the system and its environment for the irreversible heat conduction in gases, new quantities, available entransy flow and available system entransy are introduced. Both the entransy of solids and the available system entransy of gases are state quantities and their changes correspond to the entransy flow and the available entransy flow respectively. Thus there is no need to stress the difference between process quantity and state quantity in heat transfer.

关键词：耗散物理量特征气体系统熵传热过程传热能力转移过程状态

Effect of Al2O3 modification on enrichment and stabilization of chromium in stainless steel slag

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2017年第3期24卷 258-265页

作者： Long-hu cao Cheng-jun Liu Qing Zhao Mao-fa Jiang Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral (Ministry of Education) Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 Liaoning China

Spinel phase is considered to be the optimal phase for stabilization of chromium in stainless steel *** order to restrain chromium leaching from slag for the effective environmental protection,Al2O3 was utilized for the modification treatment,and the effects on the enrichment and stabilization of chromium were investigated. The mineral phases and the existence state of chromium in slag with various Al2O3 contents at different basicities（ w（cao）/w（SiO2） were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy（ SEM-EDS） and X-ray diffraction（ XRD）. The results showed that chromium mainly existed in the glass and spinel phases at basicity of 1. 0 and 1. 5. As the slag basicity increased to 2. 0,chromium was also found in periclase phase. Al2O3 in the stainless steel slag reacted with MgO and Cr2O3,which could generate the Al-rich Mg（CrxAl（1- x））2O4 solid solution. Moreover,the addition of Al2O3 was favorable to reduce the solubility of chromium oxide in liquid phase and suppress the precipitation of periclase phase. The experimental results demonstrated that Al2O3 modification has a positive influence on the enrichment and the stabilization of chromium in the stainless steel slag.

关键词： Stainless steel slag Chromium Spinel Al2O3 modification Enrichment Stabilization

Growth behavior of spinel in stainless steel slag during cooling process

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2018年第11期25卷 1131-1139页

作者： Long-hu cao Cheng-jun Liu Qing Zhao Mao-fa Jiang Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Ores (Ministry of Education) Northeastern University Shenyang 110819LiaoningChina School of Metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang 110819LiaoningChina

Spinel is an appropriate phase for sequestrating chromium in stainless steel slag to prevent chromium from polluting,and the crystal size of spinel has a significant effect on the stability of chromium and the extraction efficiency of *** enrichment behavior of chromium in spinel during cooling process was investigated,and the growth process of spinel was studied based on the crystal size distribution *** results showed that the enrichment degree of chromium in spinel increased from 88.5% to nearly 100% during the cooling process from 1773 to 1573 K at a rate of 5 K/*** mean diameter of spinel in stainless steel slag had an obvious growth in the cooling process,and a rapid growth of spinel occurred during the cooling process from 1623 to 1523 *** results indicated that the leaching amount of chro- mium could reduce to less than 0.01 mg/L by controlling the cooling *** growth mechanism of spinel was investigated and proposed to consist of two stages:in the first stage,the spinel was in the surface-controlled growth with a decaying nucleation rate from 1773 to 1573 K,and in the second stage,the growth mechanism was transformed to supply- controlled Ostwald ripening-below 1573 K.

关键词： Stainless steel slag Spinel Chromium Growth mechanism Crystal size distribution