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Recovery of Li, Ni, Co and Mn from spent lithium-ion batteries assisted by organic acids: Process optimization and leaching mechanism

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第3期31卷 518-530页

作者： liuyi Ren Bo liu Shenxu bao Wei Ding Yimin Zhang Xiaochuan hou Chao Lin Bo Chen School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Zhejiang New Era Zhongneng Recycling Technology Co. LtdShaoxing 312000China Shenzhen Water Planning&Design Institute Co. LtdShenzhen 518000China

The proper recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)can promote the recovery and utilization of valuable resources,while also negative environmental effects resulting from the presence of toxic and hazardous substances.In this study,a new environmentally friendly hydro-metallurgical process was proposed for leaching lithium(Li),nickel(Ni),cobalt(Co),and manganese(Mn)from spent LIBs using sulfuric acid with citric acid as a reductant.The effects of the concentration of sulfuric acid,the leaching temperature,the leaching time,the solid-liquid ratio,and the reducing agent dosage on the leaching behavior of the above elements were investigated.Key parameters were optimized using response surface methodology(RSM)to maximize the recovery of metals from spent LIBs.The maxim-um recovery efficiencies of Li,Ni,Co,and Mn can reach 99.08%,98.76%,98.33%,and 97.63%.under the optimized conditions(the sulfuric acid concentration was 1.16 mol/L,the citric acid dosage was 15wt%,the solid-liquid ratio was 40 g/L,and the temperature was 83℃ for 120 min),respectively.It was found that in the collaborative leaching process of sulfuric acid and citric acid,the citric acid initially provided strong reducing CO_(2)^(-),and the transition metal ions in the high state underwent a reduction reaction to produce transition metal ions in the low state.Additionally,citric acid can also act as a proton donor and chelate with lower-priced transition metal ions,thus speeding up the dissolution process.

关键词： spent lithium-ion batteries leaching response surface methodology sulfuric acid citric acid

Palladium(Ⅱ)-Catalyzed Markovnikov Hydroalkynylation of Unactivated Terminal Alkenes

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第1期42卷 29-34页

作者： Chuanqi hou Pinhong Chen Guosheng liu Sstate Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical SynthesisCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Chang-Kung Chuang Institute East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China

Alkynes are versatile synthons in organic synthesis,as well as important structural moieties in bioactive molecules.Recently,transition metal-catalyzed hydroalkynylation of alkenes has been developed with reactive alkenes and alkenes bearing directing groups.However,the regioselective hydroalkynylation of simple alkenes is still challenging.Herein,we have developed a palladium-catalyzed Markovnikov hydroalkynylation of unactivated terminal alkenes,which provides an efficient approach for the synthesis of branched alkynyl compounds under mild conditions.This reaction features excellent functional group tolerance,good reaction yields and excellent regioselectivity.Moreover,the asymmetric hydroalkynylation reaction has also been achieved with moderate enantioselectivity by introducing a sterically bulky chiral Pyox ligand.

关键词： Palladium catalysis Alkynylpalladation Unactivated terminal alkenes Markovnikov hydroalkynylation

Integral Operators Between Fock Spaces

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2024年第2期45卷 265-278页

作者： Yongqing liu Shengzhao hou School of Mathematics and Statistics Changshu Institute of TechnologySuzhou 215006JiangsuChina School of Mathematical Sciences Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006JiangsuChina

In this paper,the authors study the integral operator■induced by a kernel functionφ(z,·)∈F_α~∞between Fock spaces.For 1≤p≤∞,they prove that S_φ:F_α^(1)→F_α^(p)is bounded if and only if■where k_(a)is the ... 详细信息

关键词： Fock spaces Integral operators Normalized reproducing kernel

Using Healthcare Big Data Analytics to Improve Women’s Health:Benefits,Challenges,and Perspectives

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China CDC weekly 2024年第10期6卷 173-174页

作者： Heling bao Hui liu Linhong Wang Institute of Medical Information Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Women’s Health Care Branch Chinese Preventive Medicine AssociationBeijingCh

Women’s health is of paramount importance for the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)and Healthy China 2030,encompassing reproductive health and physical and mental well-being.This multifaceted conc... 详细信息

关键词： Sustainable maternal Analytics

Small holes,big impact:Stomata in plant–pathogen–climate epic trifecta

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 26-49页

作者： Shuguo hou Olivier Rodrigues Zunyong liu Libo Shan Ping He Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in WeifangWeifangShandong 261325China School of Municipal&Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinanShandong 250101China Unitéde Recherche Physiologie Pathologie et Génétique VégétalesUniversitéde Toulouse Midi-PyrénéesINP-PURPAN31076 ToulouseFrance Department of Molecular Cellularand Developmental BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

The regulation of stomatal aperture opening and closure represents an evolutionary battle between plants and pathogens,characterized by adaptive strategies that influence both plant resistance and pathogen virulence.The ongoing climate change introduces further complexity,affecting pathogen invasion and host immunity.This review delves into recent advances on our understanding of the mechanisms governing immunity-related stomatal movement and patterning with an emphasis on the regulation of stomatal opening and closure dynamics by pathogen patterns and host phytocytokines.In addition,the review explores how climate changes impact plant–pathogen interactions by modulating stomatal behavior.In light of the pressing challenges associated with food security and the unpredictable nature of climate changes,future research in this field,which includes the investigation of spatiotemporal regulation and engineering of stomatal immunity,emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing crop resilience and contributing to climate control strategies.

关键词： stomatal movement stomatal patterning plant resistance pathogen virulence apoplastic immunity and climate change

70 Gbps PAM-4850-nm oxide-confined VCSEL without equalization and pre-emphasis

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第5期45卷 5-7页

作者： Anjin liu bao Tang Zhiyong Li Wanhua Zheng Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Accelink technologies co. LtdWuhan 430205China Key Laboratory of Solid-State Optoelectronics Information Technology Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China

Directly modulated 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs)with the advantages of low cost,high modulation speed,good reliability,and low power consumption,are the key sources in the optical interconnects with multimode fibers for the supercomputers,data centers,and machine learning applications[1−3].Typically,non-return-tozero(NRZ)modulation format is used.

关键词： return confined fibers

Hierarchical vectorization for facial images

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第1期10卷 97-118页

作者： Qian Fu Linlin liu Fei hou Ying He School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798SingaporeSingapore Data61 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationSydney2015Australia Interdisciplinary Graduate School Nanyang Technological University and Alibaba Group639798SingaporeSingapore State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The explosive growth of social media means portrait editing and retouching are in high demand.While portraits are commonly captured and stored as raster images,editing raster images is non-trivial and requires the user to be highly skilled.Aiming at developing intuitive and easy-to-use portrait editing tools,we propose a novel vectorization method that can automatically convert raster images into a 3-tier hierarchical representation.The base layer consists of a set of sparse diffusion curves(DCs)which characterize salient geometric features and low-frequency colors,providing a means for semantic color transfer and facial expression editing.The middle level encodes specular highlights and shadows as large,editable Poisson regions(PRs)and allows the user to directly adjust illumination by tuning the strength and changing the shapes of PRs.The top level contains two types of pixel-sized PRs for high-frequency residuals and fine details such as pimples and pigmentation.We train a deep generative model that can produce high-frequency residuals automatically.Thanks to the inherent meaning in vector primitives,editing portraits becomes easy and intuitive.In particular,our method supports color transfer,facial expression editing,highlight and shadow editing,and automatic retouching.To quantitatively evaluate the results,we extend the commonly used FLIP metric(which measures color and feature differences between two images)to consider illumination.The new metric,illumination-sensitive FLIP,can effectively capture salient changes in color transfer results,and is more consistent with human perception than FLIP and other quality measures for portrait images.We evaluate our method on the FFHQR dataset and show it to be effective for common portrait editing tasks,such as retouching,light editing,color transfer,and expression editing.

关键词： face editing vectorization Poisson editing color transfer illumination editing expression editing

DG Hosting Capacity Assessment Considering Dependence Among Wind Speed,Solar Radiation,and Load Demands

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1011-1025页

作者： Junyi Yang Jiangmin bao Yuhan hou Han Wu Qiang Li Yue Yuan Hohai University Nanjing 211100China State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co. Ltd.Suzhou Power Supply BranchSuzhou 215004China Nanjing Institute of Technology Nanjing 211167China Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.Ltd. Nanjing 211103China IEEE CSEE

Dependence of distributed generation(DG)outputs and load plays an essential role in renewable energy accommodation.This paper presents a novel DG hosting capacity(DGHC)evaluation method for distribution networks considering highdimensional dependence relations among solar radiation,wind speed,and various load types(i.e.,commercial,residential,and industrial).First,an advanced dependence modeling method called regular vine(R-vine)is applied to capture the complex dependence structure of solar radiation,wind speed,commercial loads,industrial loads,and residential loads.Then,a chanceconstrained DGHC evaluation model is employed to figure out maximum hosting capacity of each DG and its optimal allocation plan with different operational risks.Finally,a Benders decomposition algorithm is also employed to reduce computational burden.The proposed approaches are validated using a set of historical data from China.Results show dependence among different DGs and loads has significant impact on hosting capacity.Results also suggest using the R-vine model to capture dependence among distributed energy resources(DERs)and load.This finding provides useful advice for distribution networks in installing renewable energy generations.

关键词： Benders decomposition correlation DG hosting capacity regular vine

Isorhamnetin Downregulates MMP2 and MMP9 to Inhibit Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis through SRC/ERK/CREB Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 299-310页

作者： liu Xiao-rong LI Shuo-fu MEI Wen-ya liu Xiang-dan Zhou Ri-bao College of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha(410208)China Department of Orthopaedics The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha(410007)China

Objective To investigate the effect of isorhamnetin on the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS)was exposed to additional isorhamnetin(10,20 and 40µmol/L).Overexpression vectors for matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP2)or MMP9 or SRC were transfected to explore their roles in isorhamnetin-mediated RA-FLS function.RA-FLS viability,migration,and invasion were evaluated.Moreover,a collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat model was established.Rats were randomly divided to sham,CIA,low-,medium-,and high-dosage groups using a random number table(n=5 in each group)and administed with normal saline or additional isorhamnetin[2,10,and 20 mg/(kg·day)]for 4 weeks,respectively.Arthritis index was calculated and synovial tissue inflammation was determined in CIA rats.The levels of MMP2,MMP9,TNF-α,interleukin-6(IL-6),and IL-1β,as well as the phosphorylation levels of SRC,extracellular regulated kinase(ERK),and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding(CREB),were detected in RA-FLS and synovial tissue.Molecular docking was also used to analyze the binding of isorhamnetin to SRC.Results In in vitro studies,isorhamnetin inhibited RA-FLS viability,migration and invasion(P<0.05).Isorhamnetin downregulated the levels of MMP2,MMP9,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1βin RA-FLS(P<0.05).The overexpression of either MMP2 or MMP9 reversed isorhamnetin-inhibited RA-FLS migration and invasion,as well as the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β(P<0.05).Furthermore,isorhamnetin bound to SRC and reduced the phosphorylation of SRC,ERK,and CREB(P<0.05).SRC overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of isorhamnetin on RA-FLS viability,migration and invasion,as well as the negative regulation of MMP2 and MMP9(P<0.05).In in vivo studies,isorhamnetin decreased arthritis index scores(P<0.05)and alleviated synovial inflammation.Isorhamnetin reduced the levels of MMP2,MMP9,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β,as well as the phosphorylation of SRC,ERK,and CREB in synovial tissue(P<0.05).Notably,the inhibit

关键词： rheumatoid arthritis isorhamnetin SRC/ERK/CREB matrix metalloproteinase