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Liquefaction macrophenomena in the great Wenchuan earthquake

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第2期8卷 219-229页

作者： Chen Longwei Yuan xiaoming Cao Zhenzhong hou Longqing Sun Rui Dong Lin Wang Weiming Meng Fanchao Chen Hongjuan Institute of Engineering Mechanics China Earthquake Administration Harbin 150080 China East China Institute of Technology Fuzhou 344000 China

On May 12, 2008 at 14：28, a catastrophic magnitude M 8.0 earthquake struck the Sichuan Province of China. The epicenter was located at Wenchuan （31.00°N, 103.40°E）. Liquefaction macrophenomena and corresponding destruction was observed throughout a vast area of 500 km long and 200 km wide following the earthquake. This paper illustrates the geographic distribution of the liquefaction and the relationship between liquefaction behavior and seismic intensity, and summarizes the liquefaction macrophenomena, including sandboils and waterspouts, ground subsidence, ground fissures etc., and relevant liquefaction features. A brief summary of the structural damage caused by liquefaction is presented and discussed. Based on comparisons with liquefaction phenomena observed in the 1976 Tangshan and 1975 Haicheng earthquakes, preliminary analyses were performed, which revealed some new features of liquefaction behavior and associated issues arising from this event. The site investigation indicated that the spatial non-uniformity of liquefaction distribution was obvious and most of the liquefied sites were located in regions of seismic intensity VIII. However, liquefaction phenomena at ten different sites in regions of seismic intensity VI were also observed for the first time in China mainland. Sandboils and waterspouts ranged from centimeters to tens of meters, with most between 1 m to 3 m. Dramatically high water/sand ejections, e.g., more than 10 m, were observed at four different sites. The sand ejections included silty sand, fine sand, medium sand, course sand and gravel, but the ejected sand amount was less than that in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake. Possible liquefaction of natural gravel soils was observed for the first time in China mainland.

关键词： Wenchuan earthquake post-earthquake investigation liquefaction macrophenomena

Treatability of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon-contaminated soils of different textures along a vertical profile by mechanical soil aeration：A laboratory test

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第4期29卷 328-335页

作者： Yan Ma Yi Shi Deyi hou Xi Zhang Jiaqi Chen Zhifen Wang Zhu Xu Fasheng Li xiaoming Du School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining &Technology Beijing 100083 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China BGI Engineering Consultants Ltd. Beijing 100038 China School of Environment and Energy Peking University Shenzhen 518055 China

Mechanical soil aeration is a simple, effective, and low-cost soil remediation technology that is suitable for sites contaminated with volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons（VCHs）. Conventionally, this technique is used to treat the mixed soil of a site without considering the diversity and treatability of different soils within the site. A laboratory test was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of mechanical soil aeration for remediating soils of different textures（silty,clayey, and sandy soils） along a vertical profile at an abandoned chloro-alkali chemical site in China. The collected soils were artificially contaminated with chloroform（TCM） and trichloroethylene（TCE）. Mechanical soil aeration was effective for remediating VCHs（removal efficiency 〉 98%）. The volatilization process was described by an exponential kinetic *** the early stage of treatment（0–7 hr）, rapid contaminant volatilization followed a pseudofirst order kinetic model. VCH concentrations decreased to low levels and showed a tailing phenomenon with very slow contaminant release after 8 hr. Compared with silty and sandy soils, clayey soil has high organic-matter content, a large specific surface area, a high clay fraction, and a complex pore structure. These characteristics substantially influenced the removal process, making it less efficient, more time consuming, and consequently more expensive. Our findings provide a potential basis for optimizing soil remediation strategy in a cost-effective manner.

关键词： Contaminated site Texture of soil profile Particle-size fraction Volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons(VCHs) Mechanical soil aeration Treatability test

建筑固废再生骨料单颗粒压碎试验与近场动力学模拟

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中南大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第9期55卷 3368-3383页

作者：肖源杰侯可华文俊王小明杨涛王萌陈宇亮周震孟凡威中南大学土木工程学院湖南长沙410075 中南大学重载铁路工程结构教育部重点实验室湖南长沙410075 湖南省交通科学研究院有限公司湖南长沙410114 广东省交通规划设计研究院集团股份有限公司广东广州510507

建筑固废再生骨料颗粒形状复杂、强度低且极易发生破碎。为了准确了解建筑固废再生骨料颗粒在单轴压缩荷载作用下的颗粒破碎行为,开展再生骨料单颗粒压碎试验,并在准确表征再生骨料颗粒三维形貌的基础上对单颗粒破碎进行近场动力学模拟... 详细信息

建筑固废再生骨料颗粒形状复杂、强度低且极易发生破碎。为了准确了解建筑固废再生骨料颗粒在单轴压缩荷载作用下的颗粒破碎行为,开展再生骨料单颗粒压碎试验,并在准确表征再生骨料颗粒三维形貌的基础上对单颗粒破碎进行近场动力学模拟。研究结果表明:碎石、红砖和砂浆这3种再生骨料的单颗粒破碎强度均较好地满足Weibull分布,但离散性较大,不同粒径组的平均Weibull模量在1.3~1.8之间,其中,砂浆与红砖颗粒的破碎强度远低于碎石颗粒的破碎强度,且离散性比碎石颗粒的大;借助近场动力学理论可以有效地模拟真实形状再生骨料颗粒在单轴压缩荷载作用下的破碎过程;对于不同形状种类的再生骨料颗粒破碎强度,块状颗粒的最大,盘状颗粒的次之,而条状颗粒的最小;颗粒材料与形状对颗粒破碎后所形成的碎片的数量与形状具有明显的影响,对于不同材料再生骨料颗粒,碎石颗粒产生碎片较少,而红砖颗粒产生碎片分布更加均匀;对于不同形状再生骨料颗粒,条状颗粒倾向于沿颗粒中、短轴平面断裂为少量碎片,块状与盘状颗粒则倾向于产生交叉裂纹,最终破碎并产生较多碎片。

关键词：建筑固废颗粒破碎 Weibull分布数值模拟近场动力学

智能计算法评估ICU患者部分住院风险指标的研究

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中华危重病急救医学 2022年第12期34卷 1315-1319页

作者：侯晓明陈小玉杨万杰康波孟祥飞张森乐冯庆国刘晓智张海燕王骏飞宋迎程秀玲滕洪云天津市第五中心医院重症医学科天津300450 中新天津生态城社区卫生服务中心天津300457 国家超级计算天津中心天津300457

目的探讨重症监护病房(ICU)患者住院期间各风险评分的变化特点, 旨在为ICU患者的风险预防提供依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法, 选择2021年11月3日至2022年3月28日天津市第五中心医院的ICU住院患者, 按照ICU住院时间分为≥14 d组、10~13 ... 详细信息

目的探讨重症监护病房(ICU)患者住院期间各风险评分的变化特点, 旨在为ICU患者的风险预防提供依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法, 选择2021年11月3日至2022年3月28日天津市第五中心医院的ICU住院患者, 按照ICU住院时间分为≥14 d组、10~13 d组、7~9 d组、3~6 d组。收集患者ICU住院期间由智能计算法评估的营养风险筛查2002量表(NRS 2002)评分, 以及评估静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)风险的Caprini评分和Padua评分, 选取所有患者的NRS 2002评分、手术患者的Caprini评分、非手术患者的Padua评分。比较患者入ICU 1、3、7(如果需要)、10(如果需要)、14 d(如果需要)时各项评分的变化趋势。结果最终纳入138例ICU患者, 其中男性79例, 女性59例;平均年龄(61.71±18.86)岁;中位ICU住院时间6.00(4.00, 9.25)d。① ICU住院时间≥14 d组(21例):入ICU 10 d内患者NRS 2002评分无明显变化, 入ICU 14 d时NRS 2002评分较入ICU 1 d时明显降低〔分:3.00(2.50, 3.50)比4.00(3.00, 5.00), P<0.05〕;随住院时间延长, Caprini评分和Padua评分均呈升高趋势, 且各时间点血栓风险评分均明显高于入ICU 1 d时, 以入ICU 14 d最明显〔Caprini评分(分):5.00(3.25, 7.00)比2.50(1.25, 5.50), Padua评分(分):6.00(6.00, 7.00)比3.00(1.00, 3.00), 均P<0.05〕。② ICU住院时间10~13 d组(15例):随住院时间延长, NRS 2002评分无明显变化, Caprini评分和Padua评分均呈升高趋势, 且患者入ICU 3、7、10 d时血栓风险评分均明显高于入ICU 1 d时, 以入ICU 10 d最明显〔Caprini评分(分):3.00(2.00, 4.75)比2.00(0.25, 2.75), Padua评分(分):5.00(3.50, 6.00)比2.00(0.50, 4.00), 均P<0.05〕。③ ICU住院时间7~9 d组(23例):与入ICU 1 d比较, 患者入ICU 3 d和7 d时NRS 2002评分呈不同程度降低, Caprini评分和Padua评分均呈不同程度升高, 以入ICU 7 d最明显〔NRS 2002评分(分):2.00(1.00, 4.00)比2.00(2.00, 4.00), Caprini评分(分):3.00(2.00, 5.50)比2.00(0.25, 3.00), Padua评分(分):5.00(4.00, 6.00)比2.00(0, 2.00), 均P<0.05〕。④ ICU住院时间3~6 d组(79例):与入ICU 1 d比较, 患者入ICU 3 d的NRS 2002评分明显降低〔分:2.00(1.00, 3.00)比2.00(1.00, 3.00), P<0.05〕, Caprini评分和Padua评分均明显升高〔Caprini评分(分):3.00(2.00, 4.00)比2.00(1.00, 3.00), Padua评分(分):5.00(4.00, 5.00)比2.00(1.00, 3.00), 均P<0.05〕。结论在智能计算法的动态评估下, ICU住院患者的血栓风险随住院时间延长呈上升趋势, 营养风险在不同住院时间段总体呈持平或下降趋势。

关键词：重症监护病房风险评分智能计算法营养风险筛查2002 Caprini评分 Padua评分

A novel optical high-pressure apparatus for studying the combustion of solid propellant under periodic strain

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第3期66卷 896-900页

作者： OUYANG JianFeng GU MingMing WANG ShaoJie CUI CunHao SHI xiaoming hou KaiYu Zhou ZhongYue QI Fei School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240 China Shanghai Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute Shanghai 201109China Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology Shanghai 201109China

The combustion of solid propellants can provide tremendous thrust to drive solid rocket *** propellant grains are subjected to mechanical loads during practical combustion *** causes of mechanical loads include,but ar... 详细信息

关键词： periodic apparatus oscillation

后疫情时代口腔专科医院的优诊系统构建与应用

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中西医结合护理（中英文） 2024年第5期10卷 138-140页

作者：周晨包睿廖嘉莉吴小明侯雅蓉任飞南方医科大学口腔医院广东广州510280

目的初步构建后疫情时代口腔专科医院的优诊系统,并探索其应用成效。方法于2022年5月起启动并构建后疫情时代口腔专科医院优诊系统,纳入应用前(2022年1~4月)和应用后(2022年9月至2023年4月)的就诊患者各376例,分别作为对照组与观察组。... 详细信息

目的初步构建后疫情时代口腔专科医院的优诊系统,并探索其应用成效。方法于2022年5月起启动并构建后疫情时代口腔专科医院优诊系统,纳入应用前(2022年1~4月)和应用后(2022年9月至2023年4月)的就诊患者各376例,分别作为对照组与观察组。记录2组的就诊时间,并评估其就诊满意度等指标。结果观察组的预检分诊时间和总就诊时间均短于对照组,其预检分诊信息准确率高于对照组,结果均有统计学差异(P均<0.05)。观察组对就诊问题、健康教育、医院介绍及疾病信息的满意度评分均高于对照组,其对预约挂号、就诊流程、诊疗服务及其他服务的满意度评分也均高于对照组,结果均有统计学差异(P均<0.05)。结论在后疫情时代,口腔专科医院构建的新型就诊系统能够显著缩短预检分诊和就诊时间,提高信息准确率,并提高患者的候诊与就诊满意度。

关键词：后疫情时代口腔专科医院优诊系统互联网+医疗

两个丁二肟有机锡配合物的合成、结构及抗癌活性

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无机化学学报 2024年第7期40卷 1301-1308页

作者：卿菁菁何帆刘智辉侯帅鹏刘娅蒋一凡谭梦婷何丽芳张复兴朱小明衡阳师范学院化学与材料科学学院功能金属有机化合物湖南省重点实验室金属有机新材料湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室湘江上游重金属污染监测与治理湖南省工程研究中心衡阳421008

合成了2个丁二酮肟有机锡化合物:双(三(2-甲基-2-苯基丙基)锡)丁二酮肟配合物(C_(6)H_(5)C(CH_(3))_(2)CH_(2))_(3)Sn(ON=C(CH_(3))C(CH_(3))=NO)Sn(CH_(2)C(CH_(3))_(2)C_(6)H_(5))_(3)(1)和二苄基锡氧氯丁二酮肟多核配合物[μ_(3)-O-((C_(6)H_(5)CH_(2))_(2)Sn)_(2)(ON=C(CH_(3))C(CH_(3))=NOH)(O)Cl]_(2)(2)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振(^(1)H、^(13)C、^(119)Sn)、差热分析和单晶X射线衍射对配合物进行了结构表征,对其结构进行量子化学从头计算,并进行了体外抗癌活性研究。结果显示:配合物1为通过配体丁二酮肟桥联的双锡核中心对称分子,锡原子均为四配位的畸变四面体构型;配合物2为通过氧原子和丁二酮肟配体桥联的四锡核中心对称多环聚合结构,锡原子分别为五配位的畸变三角双锥构型和六配位的畸变八面体构型。配合物对人肝癌细胞(HUH7)、人肺癌细胞(A549)、人表皮癌细胞(A431)、人结肠癌细胞(HCT-116)和人乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)均有较强的抑制活性。

关键词：双(三(2-甲基-2-苯基丙基)锡)丁二酮肟配合物二苄基锡氧氯丁二酮肟多核配合物晶体结构从头计算体外抗肿瘤活性

Wind tunnel experimental study on droplet drift reduction by a conical electrostatic nozzle for pesticide spraying

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2017年第3期10卷 87-94页

作者： Zhang Wei hou Yongrui Liu Xin Lian Qi Fu xiaoming Zhang Bo Wang Haiyang Wang Yingqian College of Information Technology Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing 163319China College of Engineering Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing 163319China

Droplet drift wastes pesticide,pollutes the environment,and has become one of the focus issues of agricultural crop *** spray technology reduces drift to a certain *** order to investigate the droplet drift pattern of a conical electrostatic nozzle,the droplet drift mass center distance was defined as an experimental index and used to conduct experimental wind tunnel studies on droplet drift.A mathematical model of the droplet drift mass center distance versus electrostatic voltage and wind speed was created via the regression *** test results showed that the electrostatic voltage had an insignificant effect on droplet drift,the wind speed and its interaction with the electrostatic voltage had significant effects on droplet *** the wind speed was less than 3 m/s and stable,the crop adsorbability of a droplet had a dominant effect on the droplet drift;the droplet drift decreased with the increase of electrostatic *** the wind speed exceeded 3 m/s and was stable,the reduced droplet particle size had a dominant effect on droplet drift,where droplet drift increased as the electrostatic voltage *** the wind speed was 0 m/s and the electrostatic voltage was 12 kV,the minimum droplet drift mass center distance was 35.5 mm,which was 56 mm less than that of conventional nozzle droplet ***,a conical electrostatic nozzle is inapplicable for operation in an environment where wind speeds exceed 3 m/*** study provides a reference for optimizing operational parameters of conical electrostatic nozzles and improving the anti-drift capability of droplets.

关键词： pesticide spraying conical electrostatic nozzle droplet drift wind tunnel experimental study electrostatic sprayer

材料类研究生扫描电镜实操创新能力提升的探索

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创新创业理论研究与实践 2024年第6期7卷 60-63页

作者：刘飞侯小虎赵学平宋银敏崔晓明内蒙古工业大学材料科学与工程学院

新工科背景下的材料类研究生以创新型应用人才为培养目标，对研究生的创新精神和实践能力提出了更高的要求。为增强研究生对扫描电镜的应用能力，依托内蒙古工业大学测试中心，开展扫描电镜上机操作培训实践教学活动。培训内容以研究生... 详细信息

新工科背景下的材料类研究生以创新型应用人才为培养目标，对研究生的创新精神和实践能力提出了更高的要求。为增强研究生对扫描电镜的应用能力，依托内蒙古工业大学测试中心，开展扫描电镜上机操作培训实践教学活动。培训内容以研究生科研项目、“双创”竞赛、生产实践案例和上机操作为导向，通过现场讲解、实践案例分析、上机操作、操作资格认证和上机过程跟踪等措施对实践教学体系优化。建立扫描电镜上机操作培训方案、收费标准、操作资格认证和开放共享管理办法等相关制度，保证实践教学活动顺利实施。该培训不仅有助于研究生创新精神和实践能力的培养和提升，还充分挖掘了扫描电镜在创新型应用人才培养方面的重要价值。

关键词：研究生扫描电镜创新精神实践能力上机培训开放共享