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Appr.ach for.C1 to C2 pr.ducts commencing fr.m car.on dioxide: A br.ef r.view

PETr.LEUM 2024年第3期10卷 373-398页

作者： Dey, G. r. Bhabha Atom r.s Ctr Radiat & Photochem Div Mumbai 400085 India Homi Bhabha natl Inst Mumbai 400094 India

The car.on dioxide (CO2) conver.ion to useable compounds r.mains a gr.at contest to scientists, engineer., and envir.nmentalists with r.gar. to the r.ver.e of the oxidative degr.dation of or.anics. This conver.ion is essential for.the development of complementar. fuels and r.w mater.als for.var.ous industr.es, which in tur. will help in avoiding the dr.stic incr.ase in tr.pospher.c temper.tur. due to gr.enhouse effect leading to global war.ing. The solar.ener.y is the ear.h's essential power.sour.e along with the other.var.ous for.s of ener.y for.example fossil fuels, hydr.power. wind, and biomater.als, etc. The final goal is to establish the ar.ificial photosynthesis, which can be r.plicated thr. var.ous chemical r.duction techniques of CO2 by employing appr.pr.ate photo-, ther.al- and electr.-catalysts in or.er.to pr.duce differ.nt one car.on atom (C-1) and higher.car.on atoms containing pr.ducts. Besides, the utilization of clean and sustainable CO2 towar.s high-value pr.ducts is of gr.at inter.st today due to the r.cognized envir.nmental wor.ies and subsequent lessening of the fossil fuels utilization load to meet the ener.y demand of mankind. This way, solar.ener.y can dir.ctly and/or.indir.ctly be alter.d and stor.d in chemical ener.y for. for.industr.al as well as societal applications. In this ar.icle our.endeavor.is to summar.ze the advances in CO2 chemical r.duction r.sear.h ar.a till date especially in fr.e r.dical-based methods such as electr.chemical, photochemical and plasma chemical for.the development of car.on species up to two car.on (C-2) atoms containing pr.ducts per.eived in the chemical r.duction of CO2. The author.hopes that this piece of wor. will be helpful to r.sear.her. and r.ader. who ar. focused on the field of CO2.

关键词： Photocatalysis Electr.catalysis Plasmolysis Ther.olysis Car.on dioxide Chemical r.duction PHOTOCATALYTIC CO2 r.DUCTIOn GAS SHIFT r.ACTIOn METAL-Or.AnIC Fr.MEWOr.S EFFICIEnT ELECTr.CHEMICAL r.DUCTIOn DIELECTr.C-BAr.IEr.DISCHAr.ES IOn-EXCHAnGE MEMBr.nES FOr.IC-ACID ELECTr.CATALYTIC r.DUCTIOn ATMOSPHEr.C-Pr.SSUr. r.OM-TEMPEr.TUr.

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r.dent biology and ecologically based r.dent management(EBr.)-25 year. of pr.gr.ss thr.ugh pr.moting multidisciplinar. r.sear.h

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Integr.tive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： Gr.nt r. SInGLETOn Lyn A. HInDS r.odes MAKUnDI Steven r. BELMAIn natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIr. Health and Biosecur.ty Canberra ACT Australia Afr.can Centr. of Excellence for.Innovative r.dent Pest Management and Biosensor.Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Management Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“Dur.ng r.dent outbr.ak year. in easter. Afr.ca,lo-cally,mor. than 80%of the potential har.est may be lost,but even in non-outbr.ak per.ods,r.dents cause chr.nic damage to cr.ps….The pest r.dent stor. in Afr.ca in-volves sever.l species embedded in a br.ad and var.able landscape with highly var.able densities.”(Leir. et al.2010).

关键词： damage cr.ps

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Str.ctur.l changes in the obese br.in

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neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2024年第12期19卷 2561-2562页

作者： Anna r.r.Da Conceicao Mar.elo n.n.Vieir. Fer.anda G.De Felice D’Or.Institute for.r.sear.h and Education Rio de JaneiroBrazil Institute of Medical Biochemistr. Leopoldo De Meis Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Centr. for.neur.science Studies Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences&Department of PsychiatryQueen’s UniversityKingstonONCanada

Obesity r.pr.sents a major.global health concer.,with widespr.ad gr.wing pr.valence and sever. consequences for.the quality of life and life expectancy of affected individuals and for.the economic bur.en of healthcar. systems(Pr.spective Studies Collabor.tion,2009).Obesity is a well-established r.sk factor.for.a var.ety of conditions including metabolic,vascula r.and hear. diseases,and seve r.l types of cancer.Pr.spective Studies Collabor.tion,2009).

关键词： diseases consequences pr.valence

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Aber.ant adult neur.genesis in intr.ctable epilepsy:can GABAer.ic pr.genitor.tr.nsplantation nor.alize this pr.cess?

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neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2024年第7期19卷 1419-1420页

作者： Muhammad n.Ar.had Janice r.naegele Depar.ment of Biology Wesleyan UniversityMiddletownCTUSA Depar.ment of neur.science Tufts University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA

Tempor.l lobe epilepsy(TLE) is a common type of focal epilepsy char.cter.zed by seizur. foci within the tempor.l *** sur.ical r.section of the foci is an established and effective appr.ach for.contr.lling seizur.s,both tempor.l lobes cannot be r.moved,due to their.pr.minent r.les in lear.ing and ***,seizur.s induce changes to the tempor.l lobes that contr.bute to hyper.xcitability,including mossy fiber.spr.uting,astr.gliosis.

关键词： epilepsy pr.genitor seizur.s

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Basis for.the diver.ity and extent in loss of digestible nutr.ents cr.ated by dietar. phytin: Emphasis on fowl and swine

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动物营养学报 2024年第1期16卷 422-428页

作者： Edwin T. Mor.n Michael r. Bedfor. Poultr. Science Depar.ment Auburn University AL 36830-5416 USA AB Vista Woodstock Court Blenheim Road Marlborough Wiltshire SN8 4AN UK

Phytin is the Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -K + salt of phytic acid that is cr.ated and deposited in the aleur.ne layer.and/or.ger. of gr.ins and legumes. Its high pr.sence in feedstuffs for.fowl and swine diets r.sults in it being a univer.al and significant impediment to optimum per.or.ance. Phytin impair. gastr.intestinal r.cover. of a wide ar.ay of nutr.ents, the effect var.ing with the nutr.ent concer.ed. On exposur. to low pH dur.ng gastr.c digestion, phytin dissociates into phytic acid and solubilized Ca 2+ . Even at low gastr.c pH, phytic acid is negatively char.ed which for.s the basis of its anti-nutr.tive behavior. Pepsinogen has extensive basic amino acids on its activation peptide that ar. pr.sented as cations at low pH which ar. tar.eted by pepsin for.activation. Par.ially cr.stalized Ca 2+ near.the enzyme's active site fur.her.stabilizes its newly for.ed str.ctur.. Thus, phytic acid appear. to inter.er. with gastr.c digestion by sever.l mechanisms; inter.er.ng with pepsinogen activation by binding to the polypeptide's basic amino acids; coor.inating fr.e Ca 2+ , destabilizing pepsin; binding some dietar. pr.teins dir.ctly, fur.her.compr.mising gastr.c pr.teolysis. Upon digesta attaining neutr.lity in the duodenum, Ca 2+ and other.cations r.-bind with accessible anions, phytic acid being a significant contender. Phytate not only binds fr.e cations but can also str.p them fr.m enzymes (e.g. Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ ) which r.duces their.str.ctur.l r.sistance to autolysis and ability as co-factor. (e.g. Zn 2+ ) to incr.ase enzyme activity. Goblet cells initially employ Ca 2+ as an electr.nic shield between mucin layer. enabling gr.nule for.ation and cell stor.ge. After.mucin gr.nule r.lease, Ca 2+ is pr.gr.ssively displaced by na + to fr.e the viscous mucins enabling its tr.nslocation. Mucin entangles with the glycocalyx of adjacent enter.cytes ther.by constr.cting the unstir.ed water.layer.(USWL). Excessive r.moval of Ca 2+ fr.m mucin by phytic acid incr.ases its fluidity facilit

关键词： Digestive enzyme Calcium Endogenous pr.tein Mucin Phytin

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A concise r.view on sur.ace and str.ctur.l modification of por.us zeolite scaffold for.enhanced hydr.gen stor.ge

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Chinese Jour.al of Chemical Engineer.ng 2024年第6期70卷 33-53页

作者： B.A.Abdulkadir.r.S.r.Mohd Zaki A.T.Abd Wahab S.n.Miskan Anh-Tam nguyen Dai-Viet n.Vo H.D.Setiabudi Centr. for.r.sear.h in Advanced Fluid&Pr.cesses Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahLebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil YaakobGambangPahang 26300Malaysia Faculty of Chemical&Pr.cess Engineer.ng Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahLebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil YaakobGambangPahang 26300Malaysia Center.of Excellence for.Gr.en Ener.y and Envir.nmental nanomater.als(CE@Gr.En) Nguyen Tat Thanh University300A Nguyen Tat ThanhDistrict 4Ho Chi Minh City 755414Viet Nam

Investigating zeolites as hydr.gen stor.ge scaffolds is imper.tive due to their.por.us natur. and favor.ble physicochemical ***,the stor.ge capacity of the unmodified zeolites has been r.ther.unsatisfactor.(0.224%-1.082%(mass))compar.d to its modified ***,the contempor.r. focus on enhancing hydr.gen stor.ge capacities has led to significant attention towar.s the utilization of modified zeolites,with studies explor.ng sur.ace modifications thr.ugh physical and chemical tr.atments,as well as the integr.tion of var.ous active *** enhanced hydr.gen stor.ge pr.per.ies of zeolites ar. attr.buted to the pr.sence of aluminosilicates fr.m alkaline and alkaline-ear.h metals,r.sulting in incr.ased stor.ge capacity thr.ugh inter.ctions with the char.e density of these ***,ther. is a gr.at demand to cr.tically r.view their.r.le such as well-defined topology,por. str.ctur.,good ther.al stability,and tunable hydr.philicity in enhanced hydr.gen *** ar.icle aimed to cr.tically r.view the r.cent r.sear.h findings based on modified zeolite per.or.ance for.enhanced hydr.gen *** of the factor. affecting the hydr.gen stor.ge capacities of zeolites that can affect the r.te of r.action and the stability of the adsor.ent,like pr.ssur.,str.ctur.,and mor.hology wer. studied,and ***,futur. per.pectives,r.commendations,and dir.ctions for.modified zeolites wer. discussed.

关键词： Zeolites Hydr.gen stor.ge Sur.ace modification Adsor.tion Active metal

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Analysis and Optimization of Oper.tional and Pollutant Attr.butes of Diesel Engine with CnT-Infused Or.nge Peel Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel

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Jour.al of Ther.al Science 2024年第2期33卷 761-778页

作者： r.njeet r.I r.r.SAHOO Mechanical Engineer.ng Depar.ment GLA UniversityMathura281406India Mechanical Engineer.ng Depar.ment IIT(BHU)Varanasi221005India

The cur.ent study is per.or.ed to find sustainable solutions for.the futur. of tr.nspor.ation and envir.nmental *** conventional methods and exper.mental design table(L16 Or.hogonal Ar.ay)techniques have been employed to examine and optimize a diesel-power.d engine's oper.tional and pollutant *** L16 Or.hogonal Ar.ay is obtained thr.ugh Taguchi's exper.mental design appr.ach using Minitab 16 *** exper.mental design incor.or.ted thr.e contr.l var.ables,namely engine speed,fuel type,and engine load,each with four.*** oper.tional par.meter.,namely br.ke ther.al efficiency(BTE)and br.ke specific fuel consumption(BSFC),as well as the emission char.cter.stics,including hydr.car.on(HC),car.on monoxide(CO),nitr.gen oxide(nO),and smoke emissions,wer. acquir.d using the L16 or.hogonal ar.ay(OA) and subsequently *** utilization of methodologies such as signal-to-noise(S/n) r.tio and gr.y analysis was employed to deter.ine the optimal oper.tional state of the engine to achieve maximum per.or.ance while minimizing *** engine's ideal state of oper.tion,in ter.s of BTE and BSFC,was deter.ined to be at 75% engine load,1000 r.min engine speed,and using 10^(-4)(in vol) car.on nanotube incor.or.ted 20% or.nge peel biodiesel(OPB20CnT100) blended fuel(A3-B1-C4).The study indicated that engine load significantly influenced BTE and BSFC,with 84.05% and 87.79% contr.bution factor.,*** 25% engine load,1000 r.min,and OPB20CnT100 fuel(A1-B1-C4) CO,smoke,nO,and HC emissions wer. the *** load affects emissions the *** BSFC incr.ased 3.10% and nO emissions 1.77%.BTE,CO,smoke,and HC emissions decr.ased by 1.9%,12.29%,47.05%,and 47.22%,r.spectively,at optimal oper.ting conditions concer.ing diesel *** study shows that Taguchi-Gr.y's exper.mental design optimizes diesel engine oper.tional and pollutant *** outcomes r.vealed that or.nge peel biodiesel infused with CnT can r.place diesel fuel in a

关键词： Taguchi-Gr.y method OPB20CnT100 tr.nsester.fication S/n r.tio Gr. HC CO and nO

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Char.cter.zation of ear.y matur.ng elite genotypes based on MTSI and MGIDI indexes:an.illustr.tion in upland cotton(Gossypium hir.utum L.)

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Jour.al of Cotton r.sear.h 2024年第3期7卷 253-265页

作者： D S r.J Supr.tha PATil r.jesh S. PATil Bhuvaneshwar. r. nAYAK Spur.hi n. PAWAr.Kasu n. Depar.ment of Genetics and Plant Br.eding College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India Agr.cultur.l r.sear.h Station Dharwad 580005India Depar.ment of Biotechnology College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India Depar.ment of Cr.p Physiology College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India

Backgr.und Globally,the cultivation of cotton is constr.ined by its tendency for.extended per.ods of *** matur.ty plays a potential r.le in r.infed-based multiple cr.pping system especially in the cur.ent er. of climate *** the cur.ent study,a set of 20 diver.e Gossypium hir.utum genotypes wer. evaluated in two cr.p seasons with thr.e planting densities and assessed for.11 mor.hological tr.its r.lated to ear.y *** study aimed to identify genotype(s)that matur. r.pidly and accomplish well under.diver.e envir.nmental conditions based on the two r.bust multivar.ate techniques called multi-tr.it stability index(MTSI)and multi-tr.it genotype-ideotype distance index(MGIDI).r.sults MTSI analysis r.vealed that out of the 20 genotypes,thr.e genotypes,viz.,nnDC-30,A-2,and S-32 accomplished well in ter.s of ear.y matur.ty tr.its in two ***,thr.e genotypes wer. selected using MGIDI method for.each planting densities with a selection intensity of 15%.The str.ngths and weaknesses of the genotypes selected based on MGIDI method highlighted that the br.eder. could focus on developing ear.y-matur.ng genotypes with specific tr.its such as days to fir.t flower.and boll *** selected genotypes exhibited positive genetic gains for.tr.its r.lated to ear.iness and a successful har.est dur.ng the fir.t and second ***,ther. wer. negative gains for.tr.its r.lated to flower.ng and boll *** The study identified thr.e genotypes exhibiting ear.y matur.ty and accomplished well under.differ.nt planting *** multivar.ate methods(MTSI and MGIDI)ser.e as novel appr.aches for.selecting desir.d genotypes in plant br.eding pr.gr.ms,especially acr.ss var.ous gr.wing *** methods offer.exclusive benefits and can easily constr.e and minimize multicollinear.ty issues.

关键词： Cotton MTSI MGIDI Genotype envir.nment inter.ction Ear.y matur.ty Multi-tr.it Multi-envir.nment

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Stability Analysis of DC Micr.gr.d Cluster. Based on Step-by-step System Matr.x Building Algor.thm

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Jour.al of Moder. Power.Systems and Clean Ener.y 2024年第3期12卷 900-912页

作者： K.Jithin n.Mayadevi r.Har. Kumar.V.P.Mini the Depar.ment of Electr.cal Engineer.ng College of Engineering TrivandrumAPJ Abdul Kalam Technological University(APJAKTU)ThiruvananthapuramIndia

DC micr.gr.ds(DCMGs)ar. made up of a networ. of sour.es and loads that ar. connected by a number.of power.electr.nic conver.er.(PECs).The incr.ase in the number.of these PECs instigates major.concer.s in system *** inter.onnecting the micr.gr.ds to for. a cluster.the system stability must be *** paper.pr.poses a novel stepby-step system matr.x building(SMB)algor.thm to update the system matr.x of an existing DCMG cluster.when a new micr.gr.d is added to the cluster.thr.ugh a distr.bution *** stability of the individual DCMGs and the DCMG cluster.is analyzed using the eigenvalue ***,the par.icle swar. optimization(PSO)algor.thm is used to r.tune the contr.ller.gains if the newly for.ed cluster.is not *** simulation of the DCMG cluster.is car.ied out in MATLAB/Simulink envir.nment to test the pr.posed *** r.sults ar. also validated using the OP4510 r.al-time simulator.r.S).

关键词： Conver.er DC micr.gr.d cluster eigenvalue inter.onnection par.icle swar. optimization system stability system matr.x

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Automatic ar.a estimation of algal blooms in water.bodies fr.m UAV images using textur. analysis

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Water.Science and Engineer.ng 2024年第1期17卷 62-71页

作者： Ajmer.a r.hul Gundu Lokesh Siddhar.ha Goswami r.n.Ponnalagu r.dhika Sudha Depar.ment of Electr.cal and Electr.nics Engineer.ng Birla Institute of Technology&SciencePilani Hyderabad CampusTelangana 500078India

Algal blooms,the spr.ad of algae on the sur.ace of water.bodies,have adver.e effects not only on aquatic ecosystems but also on human *** adver.e effects of har.ful algal blooms(HABs)necessitate a convenient solution for.detection and *** aer.al vehicles(UAVs)have r.cently emer.ed as a tool for.algal bloom detection,efficiently pr.viding on-demand images at high spatiotempor.l *** study developed an image pr.cessing method for.algal bloom ar.a estimation fr.m the aer.al images(obtained fr.m the inter.et)captur.d using *** a r.mote sensing method of HAB detection,analysis,and monitor.ng,a combination of histogr.m and textur. analyses was used to efficiently estimate the ar.a of *** featur.s like entr.py(using the Kullback-Leibler.method)wer. emphasized with the aid of a gr.y-level co-occur.ence *** r.sults showed that the or.hogonal images demonstr.ted fewer.er.or.,and the mor.hological filter.best detected algal blooms in r.al time,with a pr.cision of 80%.This study pr.vided efficient image pr.cessing appr.aches using on-boar. UAVs for.HAB monitor.ng.

关键词： Algal bloom Image pr.cessing Textur. analysis Histogr.m analysis Unmanned aer.al vehicles

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