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Melatonin improves synapse development by PI3K/Akt signaling in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1618-1624页

作者： Luyi wang Man Xu Yan wang Feifei wang Jing Deng Xiaoya wang Yu Zhao Ailing Liao Feng Yang Shali wang Yingbo Li Institute of Neuroscience Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Pediatric Chongqing University Fuling HospitalChongqingChina Department of Neurosurgery Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongSichuan ProvinceChina NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research InstituteChongqingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Autism spectrum disorders are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders involving more than 1100 genes,including Ctnnd2 as a candidate gene.Ctnnd2knockout mice,serving as an animal model of autis m,have been demonstrated to exhibit decreased density of dendritic spines.The role of melatonin,as a neuro hormone capable of effectively alleviating social interaction deficits and regulating the development of dendritic spines,in Ctnnd2 deletion-induced nerve injury remains unclea r.In the present study,we discove red that the deletion of exon 2 of the Ctnnd2 gene was linked to social interaction deficits,spine loss,impaired inhibitory neurons,and suppressed phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt) signal pathway in the prefrontal cortex.Our findings demonstrated that the long-term oral administration of melatonin for 28 days effectively alleviated the aforementioned abnormalities in Ctnnd2 gene-knockout mice.Furthermore,the administration of melatonin in the prefro ntal cortex was found to improve synaptic function and activate the PI3K/Akt signal pathway in this region.The pharmacological blockade of the PI3K/Akt signal pathway with a PI3K/Akt inhibitor,wo rtmannin,and melatonin receptor antagonists,luzindole and 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin,prevented the melatonin-induced enhancement of GABAergic synaptic function.These findings suggest that melatonin treatment can ameliorate GABAe rgic synaptic function by activating the PI3K/Akt signal pathway,which may contribute to the improvement of dendritic spine abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders.

关键词： autism Ctnnd2 deletion GABAergic neurons melatonin PI3K/Akt signal pathway prefrontal cortex social behavior spine density synaptic-associated proteins

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免疫调节治疗Ⅳ~Ⅴ级IgA肾病1例

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中华全科医师杂志 2022年第9期21卷 882-884页

作者：向泽礼于婵媛石海菊王红月吉林大学第一医院二部肾病科长春130031

报道1例肾穿刺病理诊断为IgA肾病Lee分级Ⅳ~Ⅴ级患者的诊治过程,患者诊断为“肾病综合征,CKD2期”,足量糖皮质激素治疗2个月效果不理想,加用小剂量他克莫司,同时减少激素剂量后取得良好疗效。

关键词：糖皮质激素他克莫司 IgA肾病

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元宇宙视域下“虚拟身体在场”的美学探析

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美学与艺术评论 2023年第1期26卷 163-175,265-266页

作者：王洪岳李凝宁浙江师范大学人文学院浙江师范大学浙江省江南文化研究中心

2021年Facebook更名为Meta,引发了关于元宇宙讨论的热潮。当代科技的迅猛发展为元宇宙概念的不断丰富注入了强大动力,进而为人类基于新的实践方式构建新的生存空间、创造新的审美方式、孕育新的文明提供了可能性。在这一过程中,人的自... 详细信息

2021年Facebook更名为Meta,引发了关于元宇宙讨论的热潮。当代科技的迅猛发展为元宇宙概念的不断丰富注入了强大动力,进而为人类基于新的实践方式构建新的生存空间、创造新的审美方式、孕育新的文明提供了可能性。在这一过程中,人的自然肉身不断被技术和信息所改造,“身体”被建构为“人—机—网”的新型存在系统。主体的认识、实践和审美活动以新的“在场”方式将人的本质力量对象化,审美主体发生重构与转型。新型身体与新型空间的互动关系极大地影响着主体的生存境遇,人与他人、人与社会、人与自然以及人与自身的关系发生着深刻的变革。一方面,技术延伸了人的身体,丰富了“在场”的含义,赋予了人类“身不在”而可“临其境”的掌控力和能动性;另一方面,元宇宙的构建使现实世界与虚拟世界深度交融,其技术化、符号化、信息化的特点模糊了身体的界限,遮蔽了数字虚拟空间对人的身心的支配,产生了身体异化的新形式,深刻地影响了人的审美感知,并冲击了启蒙运动以来所建构的人的主体性,人在这种虚拟世界中的主体性存在具有符号化、离散化、碎片化、忘我性等特征。因此,人类需要在多种身体形式、多种在场方式及其复杂关系中更新对世界、对人类自身的认识和反思,在数字化、网络化、技术化进程中开辟新的艺术创作和审美接受方式,以在新的世界中真正实现“每个人全面而自由的发展”。

关键词：元宇宙虚拟现实虚拟身体在场新主体性审美观照

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Effects of serum proteins on corrosion rates and product bioabsorbability of biodegradable metals

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 132-148页

作者： Hongjie Zhang Xin Li Zehua Qu Wanqian Zhang Qunsong wang Dinglingge Cao Yaoben wang Xin wang Yang wang Lin Yu Jiandong Ding State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Corrodible metals are the newest kind of biodegradable materials and raise a new problem of the corrosion products.However,the removal of the precipitated products has been unclear and even largely ignored in publications.Herein,we find that albumin,an abundant macromolecule in serum,enhances the solubility of corrosion products of iron in blood mimetic Hank’s solution significantly.This is universal for other main biodegradable metals such as magnesium,zinc and polyester-coated iron.Albumin also influences corrosion rates in diverse trends in Hank’s solution and normal saline.Based on quantitative study theoretically and experimentally,both the effects on corrosion rates and soluble fractions are interpreted by a unified mechanism,and the key factor leading to different corrosion behaviors in corrosion media is the interference of albumin to the Ca/P passivation layer on the metal surface.This work has illustrated that the interactions between metals and media macromolecules should be taken into consideration in the design of the next-generation metal-based biodegradable medical devices in the formulism of precision medicine.The improved Hank’s solution in the presence of albumin and with a higher content of initial calcium salt is suggested to access biodegradable metals potentially for cardiovascular medical devices,where the content of calcium salt is calculated after consideration of chelating of calcium ions by albumin,resulting in the physiological concentration of free calcium ions.

关键词： biodegradable metal macromolecule albumin corrosion bioabsorbability iron polylactide magnesium zinc

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锡林河流域潜在异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌群的陆向分异及影响因素

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环境科学学报 2023年第3期43卷 478-489页

作者：王红越任莞露王润博范敬阳高宇华于景丽希尼尼根蒙古高原生态与资源利用教育部重点实验室呼和浩特010021 内蒙古自治区环境污染控制与废物资源化重点实验室呼和浩特010021 内蒙古大学生态与环境学院呼和浩特010021 内蒙古农业大学兽医学院呼和浩特010011

为阐明异养硝化-好氧反硝化(HN-AD)菌群的空间分化及其环境影响因素,本研究沿着水生-湿生-旱生的陆向梯度采集沉积物/土壤样品进行细菌16S rRNA基因高通量测序、环境因子检测及生物信息学分析.结果显示,副球菌属主要分布于水生环境,陶... 详细信息

为阐明异养硝化-好氧反硝化(HN-AD)菌群的空间分化及其环境影响因素,本研究沿着水生-湿生-旱生的陆向梯度采集沉积物/土壤样品进行细菌16S rRNA基因高通量测序、环境因子检测及生物信息学分析.结果显示,副球菌属主要分布于水生环境,陶厄氏菌属、不动杆菌属、气单胞菌属、假单胞菌属主要分布于湿生环境,芽孢杆菌属、节杆菌属和鞘氨醇单胞菌属主要分布于旱生环境;沿着陆向梯度,Shannon-Weiner和Pielou指数均呈先升后降趋势,Simpson指数呈上升趋势.黏粒、粉粒、硝态氮含量对潜在HN-AD菌群组成陆向分异的总解释度分别为79.51%、8.15%、7.81%,砂粒、粉粒、含水量对潜在HN-AD菌群多样性陆向分异的总解释度分别为89.79%、4.34%、2.75%,这些环境因子均发挥直接作用.HN-AD菌群组成及多样性指数存在明显的陆向分布特征并与粉黏粒等环境因子密切相关.研究结果可为废水处理和土壤修复领域寻找新型HN-AD微生物资源提供科学依据.

关键词：锡林河流域异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌群陆向分异环境因素

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The reformation of catalyst:From a trial-and-error synthesis to rational design

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3261-3301页

作者： Ligang wang Jiabin Wu Shunwu wang Huan Liu Yao wang Dingsheng wang Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The appropriate catalysts can accelerate the reaction rate and effectively boost the efficient conversion of various molecules,which is of great importance in the study of chemistry,chemical industry,energy,materials and environmental science.Therefore,efficient,environmentally friendly,and easy to operate synthesis methods have been used to prepare various types of catalysts.Although previous studies have reported the synthesis and characterization of the aforementioned catalysts,more still remain in trial and error methods,without in-depth consideration and improvement of traditional synthesis methods.Here,we comprehensively summarize and compare the preparation methods of the trial-and-error synthesis strategy,structure–activity relationships and density functional theory(DFT)guided catalysts rational design for nanomaterials and atomically dispersed catalysts.We also discuss in detail the utilization of the nanomaterials and single atom catalysts for converting small molecules(H_(2)O,O_(2),CO_(2),N_(2),etc.)into value-added products driven by electrocatalysis,photocatalysis,and thermocatalysis.Finally,the challenges and outlooks of mass preparation and production of efficient and green catalysts through conventional trial and error synthesis and DFT theory are featured in accordance with its current development.

关键词： trial-and-error synthesis structure–activity relationships density functional theory(DFT)guidance nanomaterials atomically dispersed catalysts

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现代主义文学想象力刍论——以卡夫卡和大江健三郎等为例

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东岳论丛 2009年第6期30卷 57-61页

作者：王洪岳浙江师范大学人文学院浙江金华321004

现代主义文学是审美现代性对现实世界的否定甚至抗议。它以一种深刻的精神的真实来否定和超越已经日益变得虚假的生活世界。为此,现代主义文学要把现实世界想象为离散的、碎片的、非中心、非和谐的等否定性的形式和意象,并以此来抗议现... 详细信息

现代主义文学是审美现代性对现实世界的否定甚至抗议。它以一种深刻的精神的真实来否定和超越已经日益变得虚假的生活世界。为此,现代主义文学要把现实世界想象为离散的、碎片的、非中心、非和谐的等否定性的形式和意象,并以此来抗议现实世界的独裁。东西方现代主义作家分别通过对"孤独而恐惧的人"和"性的人"与"政治的人"的描写,为现代主义文学的想象力提供了新的领域。现代主义文学的想象力倾力于内向性领域,它将悖谬、梦幻、怪诞、反讽、变形等技巧与意向纳入自己的"领地",从而扭转了文学想象力拘泥于客体的"现实化"取向。现代主义者真正洞察到了现代文学想象力的自由价值。

关键词：文学想象力现代主义内在性悖谬

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Manipulating Crystal Growth and Secondary Phase PbI_(2)to Enable Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Natural Additives

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 432-448页

作者： Yirong wang Yaohui Cheng Chunchun Yin Jinming Zhang Jingxuan You Jizheng wang Jinfeng wang Jun Zhang Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100190People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China Nanjing University Nanjing 210023People’s Republic of China Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430200People’s Republic of China

In perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the inherent defects of perovskite film and the random distribution of excess lead iodide(PbI_(2))prevent the improvement of efficiency and stability.Herein,natural cellulose is used as the raw material to design a series of cellulose derivatives for perovskite crystallization engineering.The cationic cellulose derivative C-Im-CN with cyano-imidazolium(Im-CN)cation and chloride anion prominently promotes the crystallization process,grain growth,and directional orientation of perovskite.Meanwhile,excess PbI_(2)is transferred to the surface of perovskite grains or formed plate-like crystallites in local domains.These effects result in suppressing defect formation,decreasing grain boundaries,enhancing carrier extraction,inhibiting non-radiative recombination,and dramatically prolonging carrier lifetimes.Thus,the PSCs exhibit a high power conversion efficiency of 24.71%.Moreover,C-Im-CN has multiple interaction sites and polymer skeleton,so the unencapsulated PSCs maintain above 91.3%of their initial efficiencies after 3000 h of continuous operation in a conventional air atmosphere and have good stability under high humidity conditions.The utilization of biopolymers with excellent structure-designability to manage the perovskite opens a state-of-the-art avenue for manufacturing and improving PSCs.

关键词： Perovskite Solar cells Defect passivation Biomass additives Crystal orientation

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Effects of higher femoral tunnels on clinical outcomes,MRI,and second-look findings in double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a minimal 5-year follow-up

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第4期137卷 465-472页

作者： Lin Lin Haijun wang Jian wang Yongjian wang Yourong Chen Jiakuo Yu Sports Medicine Department Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Peking University Institute of Sports Medicine Beijing 100191China

Background:To perform anatomical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR),tunnels should be placed relatively higher in the femoral anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)footprint based on the findings of direct and indirect femoral insertion.But the clinical results of higher femoral tunnels(HFT)in double-bundle ACLR(DB-ACLR)remain unclear.The purpose was to investigate the clinical results of HFT and lower femoral tunnels(LFT)in DB-ACLR.Methods:From September 2014 to February 2016,83 patients who underwent DB-ACLR and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into HFT-ACLR(group 1,n=37)and LFT-ACLR(group 2,n=46)according to the position of femoral tunnels.Preoperatively and at the final follow-up,clinical scores were evaluated with International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC),Tegner activity,and Lysholm score.The stability of the knee was evaluated with KT-2000,Lachman test,and pivot-shift test.Cartilage degeneration grades of the International Cartilage Repair Society(ICRS)were evaluated on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Graft tension,continuity,and synovialization were evaluated by second-look arthroscopy.Return-to-sports was assessed at the final follow-up.Results:Significantly better improvement were found for KT-2000,Lachman test,and pivot-shift test postoperatively in group 1(P>0.05).Posterolateral bundles(PL)showed significantly better results in second-look arthroscopy regarding graft tension,continuity,and synovialization(P0.05).No statistically significant differences were found in IKDC subjective score,Tegner activity,and Lysholm score between the two groups.Higher return-to-sports rate was found in group 1 with 86.8%(32/37)vs.65.2%(30/46)in group 2(P=0.027).Conclusion:The HFT-ACLR group showed better stability results,better PL,and higher return-to-sports rate compared to the LFT-ACLR group.

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Direct insertion Double bundle Second-look arthroscopy Femoral tunnel Anterior cruciate ligament rupture

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Numerical Analysis of PRISM-PY Calculations for Hard-and Soft-Core Generic Polymer Models

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 532-543页

作者： Qiang wang Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Colorado State University1370 Campus DeliveryFort CollinsCO80523-1370USA

Generic polymer models capturing the chain connectivity and excluded-volume interactions between polymer segments can be classified, according to whether or not the 3D integral of the latter diverges, into hard- and soft-core models. Taking homogeneous systems of compressible homopolymer melts (or equivalently homopolymer solutions in an implicit, good solvent) in the continuum as an example, we recently compared the correlation effects on the structural and thermodynamic properties of the hard- and soft-core models given by the polymer reference interaction site model (PRISM) theory with the Percus-Yevick (PY) closure (Polymers 2023, 15, 1180). Here we analyzed in detail the numerical errors and behavior of the interchain pair correlation functions (PCFs) given by the PRISM-PY calculations of these models using an efficient numerical approach that we proposed. Our numerical approach has the least number of independent variables to be iteratively solved, analytically treats the discontinuities caused by the non-bonded pair potential (such as that of the hard spheres) and takes only the inverse Fourier transform of the interchain indirect PCF between polymer segments (which is continuous and decays towards 0 with increasing wavenumber much faster than both the interchain direct and total PCFs), and is essential for us to accurately solve the PRISM-PY theory for chain length N as large as 106. To capture the correlation-hole effect, the real-space cut-off in the PRISM calculations should be proportional to the square root of N.

关键词： Generic polymer models Soft potentials Polymer reference interaction site model theory

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