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Pre-combustion mercury removal with co-production of hydrogen via coal electrolysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 382-389页

作者： Xiang lyu Runming Tao Tianyu Zhang Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department Ohio University165 Stocker CenterAthensOH45701USA Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control&Eco-remediation College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Pre-combustion mercury removal via coal electrolysis was performed and investigated on a bench-scale coal electrolytic cell(CEC)systemically,and factorial design was used to determine the effect of different operating conditions(coal particle size,operating temperature,operating cell voltage,and flow rate of slurry)on the percentage of mercury removal,percentage of ash removal,and dry heating value change.The results showed that the operating cell voltage,as well as the interaction between operating cell voltage and coal particle size,are significant factors in the percentage of mercury removal.There is no significant factor in the percentage of ash removal and the dry heating value change,but the coal could be purified while keeping the dry heating value almost constant after electrolysis.A co-product of hydrogen could be produced during coal electrolysis with 50%lower energy consumption compared with water electrolysis.Meanwhile,a mechanism for mercury removal in coal was proposed.The facts indicate that coal electrolysis is a promising method for precombustion mercury removal.

关键词： Pre-combustion mercury removal Coal electrolysis Ash removal Dry heating value Hydrogen production

Challenges and opportunities in rare cancer research in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 274-285页

作者： Jianxin Xue Qunyan lyu Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China National Natural Science Foundation of China Beijing 100085China

Cancer is one of the major public health challenges in China.Rare cancers collectively account for a considerable proportion of all malignancies.The lack of awareness of rare cancers among healthcare professionals and the general public,the typically complex and delayed diagnosis,and limited access to clinical trials are key challenges.Recent years have witnessed an increase in funding for research related to rare cancers in China.In this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of rare cancers and summarize the status of research on rare cancers in China and overseas,including the trends of funding and publications.We also highlight the challenges and perspectives regarding rare cancers in China.

关键词： rare cancers basic research clinical research preclinical model funding scheme

Quantitative Green's function estimates for lattice quasi-periodic Schrodinger operators

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第5期67卷 1011-1058页

作者： hongyi Cao Yunfeng Shi Zhifei Zhang School of Mathematical Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Mathematics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China

In this paper,we establish quantitative Green’s function estimates for some higher-dimensional lattice quasi-periodic(QP)Schrodinger operators.The resonances in the estimates can be described via a pair of symmetric zeros of certain functions,and the estimates apply to the sub-exponential-type non-resonance conditions.As the application of quantitative Green’s function estimates,we prove both the arithmetic version of Anderson localization and the finite volume version of(1/2-)-Holder continuity of the integrated density of states(IDS)for such QP Schrodinger operators.This gives an affirmative answer to Bourgain’s problem in Bourgain(2000).

关键词： Holder continuity of the IDS quantitative Green's function estimates quasi-periodic Schrodinger operators arithmetic Anderson localization multi-scale analysis

Partition and planning:A human-like motion decision for UAV in trap environment

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1226-1237页

作者： CHEN JinTao ZHOU Qi REN HongRu LI hongyi School of Automation Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Decision and Cooperative Control Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006Chi

This paper presents a human-like motion decision-making method for unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)navigating in trap environments.We proposed a space partitioning method based on sampling and consistency control to conduct a preliminary analysis of the indoor environment based on architectural blueprints.This method reduces the dimensionality of the path planning problem,thereby enhancing the efficiency.Then,we designed a target-switching logic for the dynamic window approach.This improvement endows the UAV with the capability of both real-time obstacle avoidance and global navigation,enhancing the efficiency of the UAV in flying to task spots indoors.Additionally,by applying human-like methods of batch distance perception and obstacle perception to this scheme,we have further enhanced the robustness and efficiency of path decisions.Finally,considering the scenario of high-rise fire rescue,we conducted simulation verification.It demonstrates that our scheme enhances the efficiency and robustness of path planning.

关键词： path planning indoor environment spacial partition high-rise fire rescue

Single transmembrane GPCR modulating proteins:neither single nor simple

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Protein & Cell 2024年第6期15卷 395-402页

作者： Meng Wang Jianjun lyu Chao Zhang Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China Hubei Topgene Research Institute of Hubei Topgene Biotechnology Co. LtdEast Lake High-Tech Development ZoneWuhan 430205China Fundamental Research Center Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center)Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The discovery of G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR)accessory proteins has fundamentally redefined the pharmacological concept of GPCR signaling,demonstrating a more complex molecular basis for receptor specificity on the plasma membrane and impressionable downstream intracellular cascades.GPCR accessory proteins not only contribute to the proper folding and trafficking of receptors but also exhibit selectable receptor preferences.

关键词： specificity GPCR neither

Adaptation of Ocular Opponency Neurons Mediates Attention-Induced Ocular Dominance Plasticity

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第3期40卷 339-349页

作者： Fangxing Song Lili lyu Min Bao CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Institute of Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Primate NeurobiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China

Previous research has shown that ocular dominance can be biased by prolonged attention to one eye.The ocular-opponency-neuron model of binocular rivalry has been proposed as a candidate account for this phenomenon.Yet direct neural evidence is still lacking.By manipulating the contrast of dichoptic testing gratings,here we measured the steady-state visually evoked potentials(SSVEPs)at the intermodulation frequencies to selectively track the activities of ocular-opponency-neurons before and after the“dichoptic-backward-movie”adaptation.One hour of adaptation caused a shift of perceptual and neural ocular dominance towards the unattended eye.More importantly,we found a decrease in the intermodulation SSVEP response after adaptation,which was significantly greater when high-contrast gratings were presented to the attended eye than when they were presented to the unattended eye.These results strongly support the view that the adaptation of ocular-opponency-neurons contributes to the ocular dominance plasticity induced by prolonged eye-based attention.

关键词： Attention Ocular dominance Opponency neuron Adaptation Steady-state visually evoked potential

Amorphous hybrid tungsten oxide–nickel hydroxide nanosheets used as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2499-2508页

作者： Chao lyu Chenghai Dai Yiwei Tan State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

There are more challenges for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)via simultaneously expediting the electron-coupled water dissociation process(Volmer step)and the following electrochemical H_(2) desorption(Heyrovsky step).Hybrid amorphous electrocatalysts are highly desirable for efficient hydrogen evolution from water-alkali electrolyzers due to the bifunctionality for the different elementary steps of HER and optimal interactions with water molecules and the reactive hydrogen intermediates(Had).Herein,the synthesis of amorphous hybrid ultrathin(tungsten oxide/nickel hydroxide)hydrate(a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O)nanosheets on nickel foam(NF)for efficient alkaline HER is described.The structural and composition features of a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O are characterized in detailed.The resulting a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O/NF electrocatalyst with the synergistic effect of both hybrid components for the HER elementary steps shows greatly improved the activity and durability for the HER with a low overpotential of-41 and-163 mV at-10 and-500 mA·cm^(-2),respectively,a Tafel slope as low as-72.9 mV·dec^(-1),and long-term stability of continuous electrolysis for at least 150 h accompanying by inappreciable overpotential change in 1 M KOH.In the hybrid a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O,Ni(OH)_(2) and WO_(3) moieties are separately responsible for accelerating dissociative adsorption of water and weakening Had adsorption strength,which is beneficial to the improvement of the alkaline HER activity.

关键词： amorphous nanomaterial bimetallic electrocatalyst tungsten oxide ultrathin nanosheet hydrogen evolution reaction

Tunable polarization holographic gratings obtained by varying the ratio of intensities of the recording beams

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 749-754页

作者： HONG CHEN ZIYAO lyu CHANGSHUN WANG State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Space-Ground Integrated Information Technology Beijing Institute of Satellite Information EngineeringBeijing 100095China

Polarization holography has been extensively applied in many fields, such as optical science, metrology, and biochemistry, due to its property of polarization modulation. However, the modulated polarization state of diffracted light corresponds strictly to that of incident light one by one. Here, a kind of tunable polarization holographic grating has been designed in terms of Jones matrices, and intensity-based polarization manipulation has been realized experimentally. The proposed tunable polarization holographic grating is recorded on an azobenzene liquid-crystalline film by a pair of coherent light beams with orthogonal polarization states and asymmetrically controlled intensities. It is found that the diffracted light can be actively manipulated from linearly to circularly polarized based on the light intensity of the recording holographic field when the polarization state of incident light keeps constant. Our work could enrich the field of light manipulation and holography.

关键词： holographic recording Polarization

High-Level Security Dimension Evaluation of Blockchain BaaS System and Key Technology

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China Communications 2024年第6期21卷 176-191页

作者： Chen Wanfa Zheng Qing’an Chen Shuzhen Fu hongyi Chen Liang Fujian Police College Fuzhou 350007China Computer Science and Information Security Management Department Fujian Police CollegeFuzhou 350007China Fujian Province Key Laboratory for Digital Network Crime Supervision and Prevention Fuzhou 350007China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876China Fujian Provincial Prison Administration Fuzhou 350002China

In recent years,blockchain technology integration and application has gradually become an important driving force for new technological innovation and industrial transformation.While blockchain technology and applications are developing rapidly,the emerging security risks and obstacles have gradually become prominent.Attackers can still find security issues in blockchain systems and conduct attacks,causing increasing losses from network attacks every year.In response to the current demand for blockchain application security detection and assessment in all industries,and the insufficient coverage of existing detection technologies such as smart contract detectiontechnology,this paper proposes a blockchain core technology security assessment system model,and studies the relevant detection and assessment key technologies and systems.A security assessment scheme based on a smart contract and consensus mechanism detection scheme is designed.And the underlying blockchain architecture supports the traceability of detection results using super blockchains.Finally,the functionality and performance of the system were tested,and the test results show that the model and solutions proposed in this paper have good feasibility.

关键词： blockchain security consensus mechanis smart contract