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Is there a great unconformity between Xiamaling and Longshan formations in the North China Craton?

Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第5期66卷 959-984页

作者： hongwei kuang Nan PENG Yongqing LIU Yuchong WANG Mingming CUI Xiaoshuai CHEN Dawei QIAO Keining QI Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing100037China School of Earth Science and Mapping Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing100083China School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009China

The existence of a 0.3 Ga"great unconformity"between the Mesoproterozoic"Undefined System"Xiamaling Formation and the"Neoproterozoic"Longshan Formation has long been controversial.In this study,stratigraphy,sedimentology,detrital zircon dating,lithium isotope,and major and trace elements were applied to systematically analyze their relationship.Results demonstrate that coarse to fine sandstone-mudstone normal cycles with different grades and thicknesses exist from the Xiamaling to the Longshan formations.Sedimentary succession formed from a restricted platform with lagoon-shallow marine shelf-tidal flat-beach and tidal shoal developing in ascending order.The pebbly sandstone at the bottom of the Long shan Formation does not have the properties of basal conglomerate with tectonic significance.The youngest detrital zircon is older than 1.6 Ga for the Long shan Formation and overlying Jing'eryu Formation sandstones.In addition,no(zircon)provenance has been found from the large igneous province of 1.32-1.2 Ga in Xiamaling Formation.Theδ^(7)Li isotope values exhibit a gradually increasing trend.The Li content and CIA(Chemical index of alteration)gradually decreases from the top of the Xiamaling Formation to the lower part of the Long shan Formation.Simultaneously,as K_(2)O/Al_(2)O_(3)and FeO/Fe_(2)O_(3)decreases,Na_(2)O/Al_(2)O_(3)increases,and Li/Al,V/Cr,and V/(V+Ni)fluctuates slightly.At the boundary,the Ce/Ce^(*)and Eu/Eu^(*)show positive and negative anomalies,respectively.Further,the Rb/Sr and Al/Si values decrease,and U/Th values increase.This indicates that the geochemistry of the weathering crust at the interface of the Xiamaling Formation-Long shan Formation is not characteristic.However,it indicates a weakening of continental weathering intensity from the bottom to the top of the interface.These results do not support the existence of a large unconformity between the Xiamaling and the Longshan formations.Therefore,it is suggested that the Long shan Formation-Jing'eryu Formation should be moved to the lower l

关键词： North China Craton Mesoproterozoic Transition period Unconformity Continuous sedimentation

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Cretaceous Stratigraphy, Paleoenvironment and Terrestrial Biota in Shandong Province

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Open Journal of Geology 2019年第10期9卷 650-653页

作者： hongwei kuang Yongqing Liu Kemin Xu Zhenguo Ning Nan Peng Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China Shandong Institute of Geological Survey Jinan China

The terrestrial upper Jurassic-Cretaceous (upper and lower)-Cenozoic stratigraphic succession developed continuously in Shandong province. There are intact and continuous terrestrial paleoecosystems dominated by dinosaurs, including five vertebrate fauna (bone fossil assemblages) beds from the bottom to top in the Cretaceous successions of Shandong Province. There are multiple vertebrate footprints (group) bearing beds in the transition period between Jurassic-Cretaceous and Early Cretaceous, and multiple large-scale dinosaur burial bone beds in Late Cretaceous. In recent years, it has also been found that extraterrestrial impact geological event may occur in the K/Pg transition over a hundred meters (siliceous pellet and gamma element anomalies, etc.). Shandong has a well-developed terrestrial Cretaceous succession with perfect information on paleoenvironment and paleoecology, which is an ideal area to explore the co-evolutionary relationship between terrestrial biota and paleoenvironment.

关键词： Cretaceous Paleoenvironment Terrestrial Biota Shandong Province

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Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Erg Deposits in the Mengyin Basin, Western Shandong Province, China: Inferences about the Wind Regime and Paleogeography

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Open Journal of Geology 2019年第10期9卷 700-703页

作者： Huan Xu Yongqing Liu hongwei kuang Nan Peng Kemin Xu Jun Chen Research Center for Earth System Science Yunnan University Kunming China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China Institute of Geology Shandong Institute of Geological Survey Jinan China Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences Jinan China

The Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Santai Formation, sporadically distributed in western Shandong Province, comprises terrestrial alluvial-eolian successions, which records regional wind patterns and paleogeography in eastern North China. This paper conducts an analysis of eolian stratification, bounding surfaces, facies architecture and paleowind direction of the Santai Formation in the east of the Mengyin Basin, western Shandong Province. Three basic types of eolian stratification are recognized in the Santai Formation, including grainflow strata, wind ripple strata and adhesion strata, and have been grouped into eolian dune and interdune facies associations. The occurrences of reactivation surfaces and superimposition surfaces within eolian dune deposits indicate active compound dunes or draas. The association of adhesion strata with grainflow or windripple strata is the development of a wet eolian system. Cross-strata dip direction indicates different paleowind directions from the lower to the upper part of the Santai paleoerg. The lower part of the paleoerg was characterized by paleowinds blowing from northwest to northeast, whereas the upper part was under the influence of paleowinds consistently towards east to northeast. The identified changes in wind directions possibly suggest wind regime shifts from monsoon circulation to westlies of planetary wind system, which may be related with the collapse of the East China Plateau during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous.

关键词： Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Santai Formation Western Shandong Province Eolian Succession Wind Regime East China Plateau

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The Cretaceous of Shandong Province

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Open Journal of Geology 2019年第10期9卷 646-649页

作者： Yongqing Liu hongwei kuang Kemin Xu Zhenguo Ning Nan Peng Shengxian Du Jun Chen Geology Institute Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China Shandong Institute of Geological Survey Shandong China Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences Shandong China

A well preserved terrestrial Cretaceous succession outcrops in Shandong Province. Although previous studies have conducted much work on the geochronology, subdivision of stratigraphic units, regional correlation and paleontology, high controversies remain about geochronology, subdivision of stratigraphic units and sedimentology. Here, we report a synthesized study of the Cretaceous successions and stratigraphy in Shandong based on the new results. Accordingly, reconstruction of framework of the Cretaceous stratigraphy in Shandong is summarized as, in descending order, the Mengyin Group of the Jurassic/Cretaceous transition, the Lower Cretaceous Laiyang Group, Qingshan Group, Dasheng Group and the Upper Cretaceous Wangshi Group.

关键词： Terrestrial Cretaceous Shandong Province China

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Ca. 1.7 Ga Magmatism on Southwestern Margin of the Yangtze Block: Response to the Breakup of Columbia

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第6期94卷 2031-2052页

作者： GENG Yuansheng DU Lilin kuang hongwei LIU Yongqing Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

This paper presents some data of the Jiaopingdu gabbro and Caiyuanzi granite at the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block,on the geochemical compositions,zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages and Hf isotopic data.The Jiaopingdu gabbro gives the age of 1721±5 Ma,the Caiyuanzi granite 1732±6 Ma and 1735±4 Ma,and the Wenjiacun porphyry granite 1713±4 Ma,suggesting nearly contemporaneous formation time of the gabbro and granite.The bimodal feature is demonstrated by the gabbro Si O2 content of 44.64-46.87 wt%and granite 73.81-77.03 wt%.In addition,the granite has high content of Si O2 and Na2 O+K2 O,low content of Al2 O3 and Ca O,enriched in REEs(except Eu)and Zr,Nb,Ga and Y,depleted in Sr,implying it belongs to A-type granite geochemistry and origin of within-plate environment.The zirconε(Hf)(t)of the granite and gabbro is at the range of 2-6,which is near the 2.0 Ga evolution line of the crust,implying the parent magma of the gabbro being derived from the depleted mantle and a small amount of crustal material,and the parent magma of the granite from partial melting of the juvenile crust and some ancient crustal material at the same time.Compared with 1.8-1.7 Ga magmatism during breakup of other cratons in the world,we can deduce that the Columbia has initially broken since ca.1.8 Ga,and some continental marginal or intra-continental rifts occurred at ca.1.73 Ga.

关键词： 1.7 Ga magmatism bimodal intrusions geochemistry and geochronology Columbia supercontinent break-up southwestern margin of Yangtze Block

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A Research of the Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary in the Pingyi Basin, Shandong Province

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Open Journal of Geology 2019年第10期9卷 661-664页

作者： Jun Chen Shengxian Du Cheng Chen Fengchen Liu Zhengguo Ning Xiangsuo Song Shucai Liu Huinan Lu Yongqing Liu hongwei kuang Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences Jinan China Key Laboratory of Gold Mineralization Processes and Resources Utilization Subordinated to the Ministry of Land and Resources Jinan China Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Geological Process and Resources Utilization in Shandong Province Jinan China Shandong Institute of Geological Survey Jinan China Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Insititute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China

The Bianqiao Formation (in the Pingyi Basin, Shandong Province, China) is a typical set of continuous lacustrine carbonate deposits during the Cretaceous-Paleogene period, which is considered as an ideal stratigraphic unit for KPB research. This study is based on the borehole PYZK01, which is located at Tongjiazhuang village in Bianqiao Town of Pingyi country. According to biostratigraphy research, the Bianqiao Formtion establishes one charophyte assemblage: Porocharaanluensis-Charayuntaishanensis var. acuta-Turbocharaspecialis, and one sporopollen assemblage: Deltoidosporaadriensis-Rugubivesiculites- Schizaeoisporites. This result indicates that the stratigraphic age during 0 - 12.25 m is the Paleogene, 37.8 m - 60 m is the Late Cretaceous, and 12.25 - 37.8 m is a transition stage from the Late Cretaceous to the Paleocene. By geochemical study, it was established carbon and oxygen isotopic strata in the drill. Through the magnetostratigraphy research, we find eight positive polarity zones and seven reversed polarity zones, build the magnetic polarity sequences of the borehole, and propose a contrast scheme with the international standard magnetic polarity time column. After comprehensive discussion, it is preliminarily believed that the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary is located at the depth of 31.98 m in PYZK01, namely, in the first section of the Bianqiao Fm.

关键词： Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary Biostratigraphy Isotopic Stratigraphy Magnetostratigraphy Pingyi Basin

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Stratigraphy and Geochronology of Vertebrate Fossil-Bearing Jurassic Strata from Linglongta,Jianchang County,Western Liaoning,Northeastern China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第6期86卷 1326-1339页

作者： PENG Nan LIU Yongqing kuang hongwei JIANG Xiaojun XU Huan Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences School of the Earth Science and Resources China University of Geosciences

Northeastern China contains widely distributed Jurassic terrestrial strata that have yielded many spectacular mammal and pterosaur fossils, in addition to feathered dinosaur fossils and more recent discoveries from Jianchang, particularly from western Liaoning. However, the fossil-bearing stratigraphic succession, regional correlation, and age estimates of the fossils found in Jianchang County and nearby areas have been contentious. Here, we report on the vertebrate fossil-bearing Jurassic stratigraphy from Linglongta, Jianchang County, western Liaoning, including a SHRIMP U-Pb zircon date unambiguously associated with the fossil horizons. The primary goal was to determine the vertebrate fossil-bearing succession. A further aim was to provide age estimations for the fossil-bearing horizon as well as the earliest appearance of feathered dinosaurs, the eutherian-placental clade, and transitional pterosaurs. Field investigations showed that the vertebrate fossil-bearing stratigraphic succession in Jianchang County mainly consists of basal andesites overlain by rhythmic tufts and tuffaceous lacustrine sediments, with the upper intermediate or acidic lavas interbedded with laminated more or less tuffaceous lacustrine deposits. This sequence correlates well with the Middle Jurassic Lanqifl＇iaojishan Formation in northeastern China. Detailed and accurate field observations showed that the well- preserved vertebrate fossils were buried in either the middle or the upper fine-grained laminated lacustrine deposits. Previous and current SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dates provide an age estimation of 161- 159 Myr for the fossil-bearing horizon and vertebrates. This indicates that the earliest appearance of feathered dinosaurs here was more than 159 Myr ago and unquestionably older than Archaeopteryx from Germany, making these the earliest known feathered dinosaurs in the world. Furthermore, the eutherian-placental clade and the known transitional pterosaurs first emerged no later than 161 Myr. The vertebrate assemblage unearthed recent

关键词： Jurassic vertebrates stratigraphy geochronology northeastern China

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New Discovery of Molar Tooth Structures in the Kangjia Formation at Benxi,Liaoning and its Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第3期91卷 1139-1140页

作者： WU Hao DING Xiaozhong LIU Yanxue kuang hongwei Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Objective The Jilin-Liaoning area has widely spread Meso- and Neoproterozoic sediments and is always a focused area for researching Precambrian geology. Previous study has achieved a series of results about Neoproterozoic stratigraphy in this area, but the lack of precise geochronological data and signs of stratigraphic correlation has resulted in the long controversial stratigraphic age and regional correlation. During recent years,

关键词： of or is in New Discovery of Molar Tooth Structures in the Kangjia Formation at Benxi,Liaoning and its Significance

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The 144–140 Ma Mafic Dykes in North China and Northeast China Indicating Regional Extensional Tectonic Setting

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第1期91卷 353-354页

作者： XU Huan LIU Yongqing kuang hongwei PENG Nan College of Earth Science East China University of Technology Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi China Institute of Geological Survey East China University of Technology Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing100037 China

Objective Previous studies indicate that the North China Craton（NCC）had undergone the loss of thickened lithosphere and fundamental change of physical and chemical property of lithospheric mantle（the destruction of NCC）during the Mesozoic.The peak period of the destruction of NCC is estimated to be 130 Ma,accompanied by widespread metamorphic core complex,rift basins,A-type granites and mafic dykes. However, it remains greatly controversial on the tectonic setting of NCC in the pre- 130Ma.

关键词： NCC Ma Mafic Dykes in North China and Northeast China Indicating Regional Extensional Tectonic Setting The 144 SHRIMP

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Molar-Tooth Structure from the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation in Lingyuan,Yanshan Region,North China,and Geological Implications

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第1期86卷 85-95页

作者： kuang hongwei LIU Yongqing PENG Nan LUO Shunshe LI Jiahua CEN Chao CHEN Mingpei Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources Ministry of Education of China School of Geophysics and Oil Resources of Yangtze University JingzhouHubei 434023China China University ofGeosciences Beijing 100083China School of Geosciences of Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei 434023China

Although its origin has not yet reached a consensus so far, MTS （Molar-Tooth Structure） has been documented for more than 100 years. Current study reports a discovery of MTS from the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation, Lingyuan, Yanshan Region, North China, and the features and geological implications of MTS are further discussed. Here, straitigraphic horizons of MTS＇s occurrences show that it was mainly located within the top part of the Wumishan Formation, i.e., limestone unit. Four kinds of morphology of MTS, i.e., fine fusiform, debris, ribbon, ptigmatic and nodular （irregular）, were recognized and thought to be highly related to the sedimentary environments and facies. Geochemistry of MTS including oxides, trace elements and C, O and Sr isotopes indicates that the horizons of MTS-bearing is of higher Sr/Ba and Ca/Mg ratios, lower positive ~13C and highly negative 3180 values than the adjacent stratigraphic levels of rare MTS. Lithology, morphology and geochemistry of MTS in the Wumishan Formation suggest that MTS occurs mainly in shallow subtidal near the storm wave base, which is typically characterized by warm temperature, oversaturated calcium carbonate seawater and high organic productivity. Furthermore, occasional enrichment of algae bacteria here is more favorable for the calcification of calcium oozes and catalytic for MTS. C isotope composition of the Wumishan Formation and MTS of this study is well correlated with that of the Mesoproterozoic Belt Supergroup, North America and Riphean, Siberia, suggesting that MTS acts as a sedimentary record responding to global changes and is a perfect indicator in Precambrian stratigraphic correlation worldwide.

关键词： Molar-tooth Structure Wumishan Formation Mesoproterozoic Implications Lingyuan Yanshan Region

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