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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 105-112页

作者： Xin Lin Lijun zhu State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

We report on the development of a“two-field-scan”harmonic Hall voltage(HHV)analysis,which collects the second HHVas a function of a swept in-plane magnetic field at 45°and 0°relative to the excitation current,for the determination of the spin-orbit torques of transverse spins in magnetic heterostructures without significant perpendicular spins,longitudinal spins,and longitudinal/perpendicular Oersted *** demonstrate that this two-field-scan analysis is as accurate as the well-established but time-consuming angle-scan HHV analysis even in the presence of considerable thermoelectric effects but takes more than a factor of 7 less measurement *** also show that the fit of the HHV data from a single field scan at 0°,which is commonly employed in the literature,is not reliable because the employment of too many free parameters in the fitting of the very slowly varying HHV signal allows erroneous conclusion about the spin-orbit torque efficiencies.

关键词： spin-orbit torque spin current spin-orbit coupling spintronics

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The recombinant jasmonate ZIM-domain(JAZ)protein functions as a novel insecticidal protein against Lepidopteran pests

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1777-1778页

作者： Yuxian zhu Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Lepidopterans,including butterflies and moths,make up one-tenth of all described agricultural pests on Earth,and many of them,such as fall armyworm,cotton bollworm,corn borer and rice leaf folder,are major agricultura... 详细信息

关键词： pests agricultural cotton

A Second-Order Image Denoising Model for Contrast Preservation

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1406-1427页

作者： Wei zhu Department of Mathematics University of AlabamaBox 870350TuscaloosaAL35487USA

In this work,we propose a second-order model for image denoising by employing a novel potential function recently developed in zhu(J Sci Comput 88:46,2021)for the design of a regularization *** to this new second-order derivative based regularizer,the model is able to alleviate the staircase effect and preserve image *** augmented Lagrangian method(ALM)is utilized to minimize the associated functional and convergence analysis is established for the proposed *** experiments are presented to demonstrate the features of the proposed model.

关键词： Image denoising Variational model Image contrast Augmented Lagrangian method(ALM)

Structure and ion transport properties of organic ionic compounds revealed by NMR

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第2期4卷 2-12页

作者： Haijin zhu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyShantou515063China

Organic ionic plastic crystals(OIPCs)are emerging as an important material family for solid-state electrolytes and many other *** have significant advantages over conventional electrolyte materials,such as high ionic conductivity,non-flammability,and *** nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy techniques including solid-state NMR,pulsed-field gradient(PFG)NMR,and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)etc.,provide us a versatile toolkit to understand the fundamental level structures,molecular dynamics,and ionic interactions in these *** article reviews the commonly used NMR methods including solid-and solution-state NMR,PFG-NMR,dynamic nuclear polarization(DNP)and the application of these methods in revealing the microscopic level structures and ion-transport mechanisms in OIPC materials.

关键词： NMR Electrolyte Organic ionic plastic crystals Defects Diffusion Microstructure

Modulating the degree of O vacancy defects to achieve selective control of electrochemical CO_(2) reduction products

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 482-486页

作者： Tianbo Jia Lili Wang Zhouhao zhu Baikang zhu Yingtang Zhou Guoxing zhu Mingshan zhu Hengcong Tao School of Petrochemical Engineering&Environment Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China Department of General Practice First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Harbor Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation Technology Zhoushan 316022China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health School of EnvironmentJinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China

Conversion of CO_(2) into high-value products using electrochemical CO_(2) reduction(ECR)technology is an effective way to alleviate global warming and reach carbon *** oxygen vacancies in heterogenous catalysis are generally considered as a powerful method to enhance the performance of ECR by promoting CO_(2) adsorption and ***,the extent of defects in oxygen vacancies-activity relation has rarely been ***,we prepared Cu-Cd bimetallic catalysts with adjustable oxygen defect degree by controlling the amount of cadmium *** transform infrared spectroscopy characterization results reveal that the formation of oxygen vacancies is attributed to the asymmetric stretching of Cu-O by the addition of *** results show that the oxygen defect degree can modulate the selectivity of ECR products.A low degree of oxygen defects(CuO)is generally associated with lower product Faraday efficiency(FE_(C2)/FE_(C1)≈114%),but overabundant oxygen vacancies(CuO_(2.625)-CdO_(0.375))are not entirely favorable to improving ECR activity(FE_(C2)/FE_(C1)≈125%)and single selectivity,while an appropriate degree of oxygen vacancies(CuO_(2.75)-CdO_(0.25))can facilitate the ECR process toward single product selective production(FE_(C2)/FE_(C1)≈296%).The theoretical calculation showed that the O vacancy formed on CuO and the interface between CdO and CuO were conducive to enhancing the formation of ^(*)COOH intermediate and promoting the generation of ethylene *** study provides a new approach and insight into the selective production of single products for future industrial applications of ECR.

关键词： CO_(2) O-vacancies Bimetallic catalysts Copper oxide Cadmium oxide Selective

Mastering air combat game with deep reinforcement learning

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 295-312页

作者： Jingyu zhu Minchi Kuang Wenqing Zhou Heng Shi Jihong zhu Xu Han Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Chengdu Aircraft Design&Research Institute Aviation Industry Corporation of ChinaChengdu 610000China

Reinforcement learning has been applied to air combat problems in recent years,and the idea of curriculum learning is often used for reinforcement learning,but traditional curriculum learning suffers from the problem of plasticity loss in neural *** loss is the difficulty of learning new knowledge after the network has *** this end,we propose a motivational curriculum learning distributed proximal policy optimization(MCLDPPO)algorithm,through which trained agents can significantly outperform the predictive game tree and mainstream reinforcement learning *** motivational curriculum learning is designed to help the agent gradually improve its combat ability by observing the agent's unsatisfactory performance and providing appropriate rewards as a ***,a complete tactical maneuver is encapsulated based on the existing air combat knowledge,and through the flexible use of these maneuvers,some tactics beyond human knowledge can be *** addition,we designed an interruption mechanism for the agent to increase the frequency of decisionmaking when the agent faces an *** the number of threats received by the agent changes,the current action is interrupted in order to reacquire observations and make decisions *** the interruption mechanism can significantly improve the performance of the *** simulate actual air combat better,we use digital twin technology to simulate real air battles and propose a parallel battlefield mechanism that can run multiple simulation environments simultaneously,effectively improving data *** experimental results demonstrate that the agent can fully utilize the situational information to make reasonable decisions and provide tactical adaptation in the air combat,verifying the effectiveness of the algorithmic framework proposed in this paper.

关键词： Air combat MCLDPPO Interruption mechanism Digital twin Distributed system

EGFR-targeted and gemcitabine-incorporated chemogene for combinatorial pancreatic cancer treatment

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 848-857页

作者： Miao Xie Qiushuang Zhang Yuanyuan Guo Lijuan zhu Xinyuan zhu Chuan Zhang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesInstitute of Molecular MedicineSixth people’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral DrugsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Radiology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200233China Institute of Molecular Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China

Pancreatic cancer stands out as a recognized intractable tumor due to its high malignancy and mortality rates,which are largely attributed to the insensitivity of current clinical chemotherapies or *** chemo and gene therapy that integrates different therapeutic targets,may increase the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer and synergistically enhance the antitumor ***,conventional co-delivery of gene and chemo drugs is intensively dependent on complex nanoparticle delivery systems,thus would be limited by unstable drug packaging,nonspecific biodistribution,and biosafety ***,we rationally designed an epidermal growth factor-receptor(EGFR)-targeted and gemcitabine-incorporated oligonucleotide(termed as chemogene)with anti-Bcl-2 sequence,which achieves simple and precise integration of gemcitabine into a gene regulative agent,as well as the EGFR-targeted delivery for pancreatic cancer *** solid-phase synthesis,gemcitabine,as the first-line chemodrug for pancreatic cancer,is introduced to the antisense oligonucleotide to replace all cytosine nucleosides to obtain the gemcitabine-integrated chemogene(Ge-ASO^(Bcl-2)).Thereafter,Ge-ASO^(Bcl-2)is covalently coupled with EGFR nanobody to construct the final targeted chemogene without any exogenous ***,this nanobody-conjugated chemogene exhibits remarkable tumor targeting capability and antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo,which initiates a first step toward the application of combinatorial chemo and gene therapy for future pancreatic cancer treatment.

关键词： antisense oligonucleotide chemogene nanobody drug delivery system pancreatic cancer

Theoretical Modeling and Surface Roughness Prediction of Microtextured Surfaces in Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Milling

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期37卷 163-183页

作者： Chenbing Ni Junjie zhu Youqiang Wang Dejian Liu Xuezhao Wang Lida zhu School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266525China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Textured surfaces with certain micro/nano structures have been proven to possess some advanced functions,such as reducing friction,improving wear and increasing *** prediction of micro/nano surface textures is of great significance for the design,fabrication and application of functional textured *** this paper,based on the kinematic analysis of cutter teeth,the discretization of ultrasonic machining process,transformation method of coordinate systems and the cubic spline data interpolation,an integrated theoretical model was established to characterize the distribution and geometric features of micro textures on the surfaces machined by different types of ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling(UVAM).Based on the theoretical model,the effect of key process parameters(vibration directions,vibration dimensions,cutting parameters and vibration parameters)on tool trajectories and microtextured surface morphology in UVAM is ***,the effect of phase difference on the elliptical shape in 2D/3D ultrasonic elliptical vibration-assisted milling(UEVAM)was *** to conventional numerical models,the method of the cubic spline data interpolation is applied to the simulation of microtextured surface morphology in UVAM,which is more suitable for characterizing the morphological features of microtextured surfaces than traditional methods due to the presence of numerous micro *** prediction of surface roughness indicates that the magnitude of ultrasonic amplitude in z-direction should be strictly limited in 1D rotary UVAM,2D and 3D UEVAM due to the unfavorable effect of axial ultrasonic vibration on the surface *** study can provide theoretical guidance for the design and fabrication of microtextured surfaces in UVAM.

关键词： Theoretical modeling Microtextured surface Ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling Cubic spline interpolation Surface roughness

A coupled thermo-mechanical peridynamic model for fracture behavior of granite subjected to heating and water-cooling processes

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2006-2018页

作者： Luming Zhou Zhende zhu Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China Jiangsu Research Center for Geotechnical Engineering Technology Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China

Thermal damage and thermal fracture of rocks are two important indicators in geothermal mining *** paper investigates the effects of heating and water-cooling on granite specimens at various *** laboratory uniaxial compression experiments were also ***,a coupled thermo-mechanical ordinary state-based peridynamic(OSB-PD)model and corresponding numerical scheme were developed to simulate the damage of rocks after the heating and cooling processes,and the change of crack evolution process was *** results demonstrate that elevated heating temperatures exacerbate the thermal damage to the specimens,resulting in a decrease in peak strength and an increase in ductility of *** escalating occurrence of thermal-induced cracks significantly affects the crack evolution process during the loading *** numerical results accurately reproduce the damage and fracture characteristics of the granite under different final heating temperatures(FHTs),which are consistent with the test results in terms of strength,crack evolution process,and failure mode.

关键词： Peridynamics(PD) Granite Heating and cooling Damage and fracture Uniaxial compression

Innovation and Firm Co-ownership Network in China’s Electric Vehicle Industry

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第2期34卷 195-209页

作者： JIN Zerun zhu Shengjun College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratory for Earth Surface Pro-cesses of the Ministry of Education Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Firms are embedded in complex networks,where diverse ideas combine and generate new *** of firms are of-ten seen as critical external resources that have significant influence on firm *** current literature tends to focus on the rela-tionship between firms and their shareholders,while paying less attention to the connections between firms with the same *** article identifies two types of network spillover effects,intra-city network effect and inter-city network effect,by visualizing the co-ownership networks in China’s electric vehicle(EV)*** find that firms with the same shareholders,which are defined as co-owned EV firms,are more innovative than non-co-owned ***,there are two dominant types of firm co-ownership ties formed by corporate and financial institution *** corporate shareholders help exploiting local tacit knowledge,financial institutions are more active in bridging inter-city *** conclusion is confirmed at both firm and city *** paper theor-izes the firm co-ownership network as a new form of institutional proximity and tested the result *** policy consideration,we have emphasized the importance of building formal or informal inter-firm network,and the government should further enhance the knowledge flow channel by institutional construction.

关键词： firm co-ownership intra-city network inter-city network technological innovation electric vehicle China