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Heterogeneity of clinical features, EEG and brain imaging findings in anti‑leucine‑rich glioma‑inactivated protein 1 autoimmune encephalitis: a retrospective case series study and review of the literature

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Acta Epileptologica 2023年第3期6卷 173-184页

作者： Emily Yixuan Huang hongfeng gao Ning Zhong Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Neurology Kaiser Permanente Sacramento Medical CenterSacramentoCA 95825USA North Valley Regional Epilepsy Center Kaiser Permanente Sacramento Medical CenterSacramentoCA 95825USA

Background Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1(LGI-1)autoimmune encephalitis(AE),characterized by rapid decline of memory,seizures,and neuropsychiatric abnormalities,is a rare but devastating disorder.Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent long-term sequelae.In this report,we provide a detailed description of clinical characteristics,laboratory test results,imaging,and electroencephalography(EEG)findings,as well as treatment responses of eight patients with anti-LGI-1 AE treated at our center.Case presentation At the onset,all eight patients presented with confusion/memory deterioration,seizures(including faciobrachial dystonic seizures or other types of seizure),and behavioral changes such as hallucination,paranoia,and anxiety.Four patients were found with severe hyponatremia.Anti-LGI1 antibodies were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid and/or serum of all patients.For patients with faciobrachial dystonic seizures,no discernible scalp EEG change was detected,while EEG recording of patients experiencing other types of seizure showed focal slowing,focal epileptiform discharges,and focal onset seizures.All patients showed abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging signals,mainly involving the mesial temporal lobe and the hippocampus.In addition,one patient also experienced fulminant cerebral edema during the acute phase of the illness.All patients received immunotherapy and anti-seizure medications and achieved good seizure control.Nevertheless,these patients continued to experience cognitive impairment during their long-term follow-ups.Conclusions The care of anti-LGI1 AE patients requires rapid evaluation,prompt initiation of immunotherapy,and long-term follow-up.The long-term presence of neurocognitive complications observed in these patients underline the importance of developing reliable biomarkers that can distinguish between different subtypes of this disease with heterogeneous clinico-electrographico-radiological features.Further research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms un

关键词： Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 Autoimmune encephalitis Faciobrachial dystonic seizures Epilepsy

DBKEM-AACS: a distributed key escrow model in blockchain with anonymous authentication and committee selection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第3期66卷 289-290页

作者： Axin XIANG hongfeng gao Youliang TIAN Liang WAN College of Computer Science and Technology Guizhou University Institute of Cryptography and Data Security Guizhou University Network and Information Management Center Guizhou University State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou University Institute of Computer Software and Theory Guizhou University

Dear editor, Key security is of great practical significance and demand to guarantee the security of digital assets in the blockchain system. At present, users prefer to escrow their assets on centralized institutions, but this phenomenon has gone against the unique characteristics of decentralization and anonymity in the blockchain. Among them, the suspense incidents of assets lock or lost are enough to prove that the security of escrowed keys on the exchanges is questionable.

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Orthogonal Combinatorial Raman Codes Enable Rapid High-Throughput-Out Library Screening of Cell-Targeting Ligands

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 199-208页

作者： Yuchen Tang Xingxing Zheng Tingjuan gao China Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education College of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China

High-throughput assays play an important role in the fields of drug discovery,genetic analysis,and clinical diagnostics.Although super-capacity coding strategies may facilitate labeling and detecting large numbers of targets in a single assay,practically,the constructed large-capacity codes have to be decoded with complicated procedures or are lack of survivability under the required reaction conditions.This challenge results in either inaccurate or insufficient decoding outputs.Here,we identified chemical-resistant Raman compounds to build a combinatorial coding system for the high-throughput screening of cell-targeting ligands from a focused 8-mer cyclic peptide library.The accurate in situ decoding results proved the signal,synthetic,and functional orthogonality for this Raman coding strategy.The orthogonal Raman codes allowed for a rapid identification of 63 positive hits at one time,evidencing a high-throughput-out capability in the screening process.We anticipate this orthogonal Raman coding strategy being generalized to enable efficient high-throughput-out screening of more useful ligands for cell targeting and drug discovery.

关键词： enable throughput allowed

Evolution of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Policies in China:A Grounded Theory Approach

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China CDC weekly 2024年第1期6卷 12-22页

作者： Huang Li Rui gao Chichen Zhang School of Public Health Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina School of Health Management Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Colleges and Universities in Guangdong Province for Collaborative Innovation of Health Management Policy and Precision Health Service Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Graduate School Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou CityJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Political Science and Public Administration Soochow UniversitySuzhou CityJiangsu ProvinceChina

Objective:This study aims to provide a theoretical foundation for the development and practical application of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)prevention and control policy systems in China by scrutinizing,analyzing,and synthesizing the evolution of Chinese policies in this domain.Methods:Utilizing grounded theory,we employed NVivo12 software to perform text content analysis,mining,and coding classification,along with visualization techniques,on policy texts sourced from Chinese government platforms,including the official website of China’s State Council.We considered four analytical dimensions—time,subject,type,and object.Results:The National Health Commission and the State Council emerged as the primary entities engaged in policymaking for HIV/AIDS in China.We identified four distinct stages in the evolution of these policies,culminating in a novel‘sun-shaped’HIV/AIDS prevention and control policy network model with an emphasis on‘knowledge,attitude,and practice’at its nucleus,which aligns with national conditions and societal progress.Furthermore,the focal groups of these policies have been dynamically refined and updated over time.Conclusions:Our findings introduce a‘sunshaped’HIV/AIDS prevention and control policy network model specific to China.We observed a conceptual policy shift towards prioritizing overall human health rather than confining the focus to disease treatment.Additionally,in light of China’s growing elderly population,the imperative to address HIV/AIDS prevention and control among older adults is an issue that warrants increased attention.

关键词： prevention HIV/AIDS policy

Thermal and mechanical behavior of casting copper alloy wheel during wheel and belt continuous casting process

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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 82-90页

作者： Kun gao Yan Peng School of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina

To investigate the thermal and mechanical behavior of casting wheel,a two-dimensional thermoelastic-plastic finite element model was used to predict the temperature,stress and distortion distribution of the casting wheel during the wheel and belt continuous casting process.The effects of grinding thickness and casting speed on the thermal and mechanical behaviors of the center of the hot face of the casting wheel were discussed in detail.In each rotation,the casting wheel passes through four different spray zones.The results show that the temperature distribution of the casting wheel in different spray zones is similar,the temperature of the hot face is the highest and the temperature reaches the peak in the spray zoneⅢ.The stress and distortion depend on the temperature distribution,and the maximum stress and distortion of the hot face are 358.2 MPa and 1.82 mm,respectively.The temperature at the center of the hot face decreases with increasing grinding thickness and increases with increasing casting speed.

关键词： casting wheel finite element model grinding thickness casting speed hot face spray zones

The late Early-Paleozoic granitic magmatism in Northwestern Fujian, China: constraints on intraplate orogeny in the South China block

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 134-149页

作者： WanLi gao ZongXiu Wang Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological ScienceBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Paleomagnetism and Tectonic Reconstruction of Ministry of Natural Resources Beijing 100081People’s Republic of China

The Early Paleozoic tectono-thermal event was a significant orogenic activity during the Phanerozoic era,which had a profound impact on the early crust of the South China Block(SCB) and established the foundation for later tectonic activity.The Wuyi-Yunkai orogenic belt in Southeastern China was extensively exposed to Early Paleozoic magmatism,the genetic mechanism of which remains controversial.To shed light on this issue,detailed petrological,geochemical,and zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopic studies were carried out on two granitoids,namely the Yuntongshan pluton and the gaoqiao pluton,identified in the central Wuyishan.Zircon U-Pb chronology of the Yuntongshan and gaoqiao bodies yielded ages of437±4 Ma(MSWD=2.2) and 404±2 Ma(MSWD=12),respectively,indicating that they were emplaced during the Early Silurian and Early Devonian periods.These granitoids are primarily composed of biotite-granite and biotite-monzonitic-granites,with high concentrations of S_(i)O_(2)(73.59-75.91 wt%),K_(2)O+Na_(2)O(8.31-8.73wt%),and low contents of MgO,CaO,Cr,Ni.They are classified as high-K calc-alkaline and weakly metaluminous-strongly peraluminous S-type granites.These granitoids are enriched in light rare earth elements(LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements(LILEs) and depleted in heavy rare earth elements(HREEs) and high field strength elements(HFSEs) with arc affinity.The εHf(t) values of-3.3 to-15.4 with two-stage Hf model ages ranging from 2829 to 1644 Ma,combined with the presence of Neoproterozoic inherited zircons,suggest that the primary magma of these granitoids was derived from the partial melting of Neoproterozoic crust with a Paleoproterozoic crustal model age.These findings,combined with the spatio-temporal distribution of regional magmatism,reveal that the late Early-Paleozoic granitoids formed in the intraplate orogenic background originating from the subduction of the proto-Tethys Ocean and proto-Pacific Ocean around the margin of the east Gondwana supercontinent.

关键词： Late Early-Paleozoic Granites Intraplate orogeny Cathysian block Zircon U-Pb-Hf Isotopic composition

Nociceptors and Macrophages in Bacterial Meningitis:Partners in Crime?

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第3期40卷 418-420页

作者： Fang gao Hongzhen Hu The Kimberly and Eric J.Waldman Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA The Nash Family Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA The Mark Lebwohl Center for Neuroinfammation and Sensation Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA

Bacterial meningitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection that affects the protective layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord,known as the meninges.Several types of bacteria,including Streptococcus pneumoniae,Neisseria meningitidis,and Haemophilus influenzae,can cause this condition.Certain populations,such as infants,children,immunocompromised adults,and the elderly,are particularly vulnerable to these pathogens.Symptoms of bacterial meningitis can manifest suddenly and may include high fever,severe and persistent headache,stiff neck,vomiting,sensitivity to light,and confusion or changes in mental state[1,2].Identifying these symptoms in infants can be more challenging and may lead to long-term disability or death[3].Despite the effectiveness of vaccines,it is crucial to understand how bacteria invade the brain and how our innate immune system responds to infection(Fig.1).

关键词： protective infection suddenly

On the core entropy of Newton maps

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第1期67卷 77-128页

作者： Yan gao Department of Mathematics Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

In this paper,we define the core entropy for postcritically-finite Newton maps and study its continuity within this family.We show that the entropy function is not continuous in this family,which is different from the... 详细信息

关键词： core entropy extended Newton graph critical marking polynomial Newton map

Durable poly(binaphthyl-co-p-terphenyl piperidinium)-based anion exchange membranes with dual side chains

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 324-335,I0008页

作者： Weiting gao Xuelang gao Qiugen Zhang Aimei Zhu Qinglin Liu Department of Chemical&Biochemical Engineering Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational ChemistryThe College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 790-784South Korea

Building well-developed ion-conductive highways is highly desirable for anion exchange membranes(AEMs).Grafting side chain is a highly effective approach for constructing a well-defined phaseseparated morphological structure and forming unblocked ion pathways in AEMs for fast ion transport.Fluorination of side chains can further enhance phase separation due to the superhydrophobic nature of fluorine groups.However,their electronic effect on the alkaline stability of side chains and membranes is rarely reported.Here,fluorine-containing and fluorine-free side chains are introduced into the polyaromatic backbone in proper configuration to investigate the impact of the fluorine terminal group on the stability of the side chains and membrane properties.The poly(binaphthyl-co-p-terphenyl piperidinium)AEM(QBNp TP)has the highest molecular weight and most dimensional stability due to its favorable backbone arrangement among ortho-and meta-terphenyl based AEMs.Importantly,by introducing both a fluorinated piperidinium side chain and a hexane chain into the p-terphenyl-based backbone,the prepared AEM(QBNp TP-QFC)presents an enhanced conductivity(150.6 m S cm^(-1))and a constrained swelling at 80℃.The electronic effect of fluorinated side chains is contemplated by experiments and simulations.The results demonstrate that the presence of strong electro-withdrawing fluorine groups weakens the electronic cloud of adjacent C atoms,increasing OH^(-)attack on the C atom and improving the stability of piperidinium cations.Hence QBNp TP-QFC possesses a robust alkaline stability at 80℃(95.3%conductivity retention after testing in 2 M Na OH for 2160 h).An excellent peak power density of 1.44 W cm^(-2)and a remarkable durability at 80℃(4.5%voltage loss after 100 h)can be observed.

关键词： Anion exchange membranes Backbone structure Fluorinated side chain Alkaline stability