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Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei zha.guoli Zheng Thomas Skutella Karl Kiening Andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

Differential temporal expression of matrix metalloproteinases following sciatic nerve crush

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第7期11卷 1165-1171页

作者： Jing Qin guang-bin zha Jun yu hong-hong zha.g Sheng Yi Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration Co-innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong University

We previously performed transcriptome sequencing and found that genes for matrix metalloproteinases（MMPs）,such as MMP7 and 12,seem to be highly upregulated following peripheral nerve injury,and may be involved in nerve *** the present study,we systematically determined the expression levels of MMPs and their regulators at 1,4,7 and 14 days after sciatic nerve crush *** number of differentially expressed genes was elevated at 4 and 7 days after injury,but decreased at 14 days after *** the differentially expressed genes,those most up-regulated showed fold changes of more than 214,while those most down-regulated exhibited fold changes of more than *** sequencing showed that,at all time points after injury,a variety of MMP genes in the “Inhibition of MMPs” pathway were up-regulated,and their inhibitor genes were *** of key up-and down-regulated genes was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and found to be consistent with transcriptome *** results suggest that MMP-related genes are strongly involved in the process of peripheral nerve regeneration.

关键词： sequencing crush systematically regeneration verified repair TIMP differentially enriched degrade

The compound(E)-2-(3,4-dihydroxystyryl)-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one alleviates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3330-3344页

作者： Xueyan Liu Wei Wu Xuejuan Li Chengyan Wang Ke Chai Fanru yuan Huijuan Zheng yuxing Yao Chenlu Li Zu-Cheng Ye Daijun zha Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of PharmacyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Institute of Laboratory Animal Center Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Neurosurgery Research InstituteThe First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen National Regional Medical CenterBinhai Campus of the First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Previous studies have shown that the compound(E)-2-(3,4-dihydroxystyryl)-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one(D30),a pyromeconic acid derivative,possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,inhibits amyloid-β aggregation,and alleviates scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment,similar to the phase Ⅲ clinical drug *** this study,we established a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease via intracerebroventricular injection of fibrillar amyloid-β to investigate the effect of D30 on fibrillar amyloid-β-induced *** results showed that D30 alleviated fibrillar amyloid-β-induced cognitive impairment,promoted fibrillar amyloid-β clearance from the hippocampus and cortex,suppressed oxidative stress,and inhibited activation of microglia and astrocytes.D30 also reversed the fibrillar amyloid-β-induced loss of dendritic spines and synaptic protein ***,we demonstrated that exogenous fibrillar amyloid-βintroduced by intracerebroventricular injection greatly increased galectin-3 expression levels in the brain,and this increase was blocked by *** the role of D30 in clearing amyloid-β,inhibiting neuroinflammation,protecting synapses,and improving cognition,this study highlights the potential of galectin-3 as a promising treatment target for patients with Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β astrocyte cognitive impairment D30 dendritic spines galectin-3 microglia neuroinflammation neuron

Heteroatom-doped porous carbon-supported single-atom catalysts for electrocatalytic energy conversion

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第12期30卷 54-73,I0002页

作者： yue Shao Zhengtai zha hong Wang Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of EducationInstitute of Polymer ChemistryCollege of ChemisttyNankai University.Tianjin 300071China

Electrocatalysts play a crucial role in the development of renewable energy conversion and storage *** unique advantages of heteroatom-doped porous carbon-supported single-atom electrocatalysts(SAC-HDPCs)are *** SAC-HDPCs exhibit outstanding activity,selectivity and stability due to their distinct electronic structure,satisfactory conductivity,controllable porosity and heteroatomdoping *** and significant developments involving the synthesis,characterization,and structure-property-function relationship of SAC-HDPCs have been made in recent *** this review,we describe recent research efforts involving advanced(in situ)characterization techniques,innovative synthetic strategies,and electrochemical energy conversion examples of *** electrocatalytic performance of SAC-HDPCs is further considered at an atomic level,and the mechanisms underlying this performance are also discussed in *** expect that these analyses and deductions will be useful for the design of new materials and may help to establish a foundation for the design of future SAC-HDPCs.

关键词： Carbon material Heteroatom doping Single-atom electrocatalyst Electrocatalytic energy conversion

Scalable preparation and direct visualization of cyclic polymers via self-folding cyclization technique

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第12期65卷 2558-2566页

作者： Hualong zha.g Hao zha Chao Liu Chunyan hong CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

Cyclic polymers exhibit distinct properties compared with their linear counterparts due to the lack of chain ***,the scalable synthesis of cyclic polymers remains a major challenge,especially for ring-closure ***,we report a novel strategy for large-scale preparation of cyclic polymers,which relies on the prior self-folding of anthracene-telechelic amphiphilic random copolymers(poly((oligo(ethylene glycol)acrylate)-co-(dodecyl acrylate)),P(OEgA-co-DDA))into single-chain polymeric nanoparticles(SCPNs)in *** ultraviolet(UV)-induced cyclization occurs in the hydrophobic *** formation of SCPNs leads to a shortened distance between the end groups of the linear precursors and spatially separated cyclization loci,and significantly enhances the efficiency of UV-induced *** self-folding technique permits access to the synthesis of cyclic polymers not only with high molecular weights(M_(n)>10^(5) g/mol),but also in a decent scale(40 g/L),breaking through the limitations of ring-closure ***,the dense pendants of the copolymers can magnify the macromolecules by increasing the mass density along the backbones,thus making the polymers more readily detectable by the *** transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and atomic force microscopy(AFM)images allow us to observe the topological structures directly and provide crucial evidence to confirm the cyclization.

关键词： cyclic polymer scalable preparation direct visualization self-folding cyclization technique

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Modular Verification of SPARCv8 Code

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2020年第6期35卷 1382-1405页

作者： Jun-Peng zha Xin-yu Feng Lei Qiao Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Beijing Institute of Control Engineering Beijing 100080China

Inline assembly code is common in system software to interact with the underlying hardware platforms. The safety and correctness of the assembly code is crucial to guarantee the safety of the whole system. In this paper, we propose a practical Hoare-style program logic for verifying SPARC (Scalable Processor Architecture) assembly code. The logic supports modular reasoning about the main features of SPARCv8 ISA (instruction set architecture), including delayed control transfers, delayed writes to special registers, and register windows. It also supports relational reasoning for refinement verification. We have applied it to verify that there is a contextual refinement between a context switch routine in SPARCv8 and a switch primitive. The program logic and its soundness proof have been mechanized in Coq.

关键词： Scalable Processor Architecture Version 8(SPARCv8) assembly code verification context switch Coq refinement verification

Preparing cyclic polymers at high concentrations via self-folding cyclization technique by adjusting the contents of hydrophilic units in linear precursors

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 283-288页

作者： Hao zha Zuowei Wang Chao Liu Chunyan hong Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Cyclic polymers are a class of polymers that feature endless topology,and the synthesis of cyclic polymers has attracted the attention of many ***,cyclic polymers were efficiently constructed by self-folding cyclization technique at high *** poly((oligo(ethylene glycol)acrylate)-co-(dodecyl acrylate))(P(OEgA-co-DDA))precursors with different ratios of hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)polymerization using a bifunctional chain transfer agent with two anthryl end *** amphiphilic linear precursors underwent the self-folding process to generate polymeric nanoparticles in *** irradiating the aqueous solution of the nanoparticles with 365 nm UV light,cyclic polymers were synthesized successfully via coupling of anthryl *** effects of the ratios of hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties in linear P(OEgA-co-DDA)copolymers and polymer concentration on the purity of the obtained cyclic polymers were explored in detail via ^(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance(^(1)H NMR),dynamic light scattering(DLS),UV‒visible(vis)analysis,three-detection size exclusion chromatography(TD-SEC)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).It was found that by adjusting the content of the hydrophilic segments in linear precursors,single chain polymeric nanoparticles(SCPNs)can be generated at high polymer ***,cyclic polymers with high purity can be constructed *** method overcomes the limitation of traditional ring-closure method,which is typically conducted in highly dilute conditions,providing an efficient method for the scalable preparation of cyclic polymers.

关键词： Cyclic polymers Self-folding cyclization technique Single chain polymeric nanoparticles RAFT polymerization Direct visualization

Quaternion-based Nonlinear Trajectory Tracking Control of a Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2017年第1期30卷 77-92页

作者： zha Changliu DINg Xilun yu yushu WANg Xueqiang School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

At present, most controllers of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles（UAVs） use Euler angles to express attitude. These controllers suffer a singularity problem when the pitch angle is near 90°, which limits the maneuverability of the UAV. To overcome this problem, based on the quatemion attitude representation, a 6 degree of freedom（DOF） nonlinear controller of a quadrotor UAV is designed using the trajectory linearization control（TLC） method. The overall controller contains a position sub-controller and an attitude sub-controller. The two controllers regulate the translational and rotational motion of the UAV, respectively. The controller is improved by using the commanded value instead of the nominal value as the input of the inner control loop. The performance of controller is tested by simulation before and after the improvement, the results show that the improved controller is better. The proposed controller is also tested via numerical simulation and real flights and is compared with the traditional controller based on Euler angles. The test results confirm the feasibility and the robustness of the proposed nonlinear controller. The proposed controller can successfully solve the singularity problem that usually occurs in the current attitude control of UAV and it is easy to be realized.

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicle quaternion nonlinear control trajectory linearization control singularity

Efficient synthesis of bottle-brush polymers enabled by selective photoactivation strategy in NIR-induced PET-RAFT polymerization

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2353-2361页

作者： Hao zha Lin Cheng Zuowei Wang Chao Liu Chunyan hong Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Bottle-brush polymers possessing densely grafted side chains have special properties that are distinct from linear ***,an efficient method for preparing bottle-brush polymers based on a selective photoactivation strategy in the photoinduced electron/energy transfer reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(PET-RAFT)polymerization was developed.A methacrylate monomer 2-(2-(dodecylthiocarbonothioylthio)propionate)ethyl methacrylate(DTPEMA)containing a 2-(dodecylthiocarbonothioylthio)propionate(DTP)unit with a secondary R group was *** the unique selectivity of metal naphthalocyanine photocatalyst zinc 2,11,20,29-tetra-tert-butyl-2,3-naphthalocyanine(ZnTtBNc)toward trithiocarbonate with tertiary R group,the PET-RAFT polymerization of DTPEMA catalyzed by ZnTtBNc was performed under near infrared(NIR)light(λ_(max)=760 nm)irradiation at room temperature,using 4-cyano-4-[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)-sulfanyl]pentanoic acid(CDTPA)with a tertiary R group as a chain transfer agent(CTA).Proton nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR)and gel permeation chromatography(gPC)results demonstrated that the DTP units in the side chains were inert during the *** grafting poly(methyl acrylate)(PMA)from PDTPEMA via thermal-initiated RAFT polymerization,welldefined P(DTPEMA-g-PMA)bottle-brush polymers could be ***,the film prepared from the bottle-brush polymer exhibited excellent scratch self-healing property due to the interlocking of side chains.

关键词： bottle-brush polymers PET-RAFT polymerization selective photoactivation scratch self-healing

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