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Science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 159-162页

作者： Si-Yuan Yu Yi-Li Liu Zheng Li Dechen jiang Jing-Juan xu hong-Yuan Chen Wei-Wei Zhao State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Nanoelectrodes have been shown to be powerful tools for nanoscopic research on single entities,deepening the understanding of heterogeneity and stochastics for single molecules,nanoparticles and cells[1–3].However,despite their importance,current nanoelectrode preparations are highly restrained to flame/electrochemical etching,metal sputtering,electrochemical deposition,etc.[3],resulting in a limited range of materials(mainly gold,platinum and carbon)for potential-resolved detection of redox-active species(Table S1 online).The enrichment of preparation methods to introduce novel materials and mechanisms should prove significant for the development of nanoelectrodes.

关键词： electrode deepening restrained

To improve robustness of mechanical properties of semi-solid cast A356 alloy using taguchi design method

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China Foundry 2024年第2期21卷 175-184页

作者： Yi-wu xu hong-yi Zhan Wei Tong Jin-ping Li Le-peng Zhang De-jiang Li Xiao-qin Zeng School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China China Science Lab General Motors Global Research&DevelopmentShanghai 201206China General Motors(China)Investment Co. Ltd.Shanghai 201206China China International Intellectech Corporation(CIIC) Beijing 100004China

Mechanical properties of semi-solid casting are dependent on multiple processing parameters,and improper processing parameters will not only reduce mean data but also increase *** present study investigated the impact of parameters in slurry preparation and heat treatment on the yield strength and ductility of T6 heat-treated A356 Al-Si alloy using rapid slurry forming(RSF)semi-solid *** focus was primarily on the robustness of mechanical properties based on Taguchi design *** analyzing signal-to-noise ratio and minimum value calculated from-3S,the optimum slurry preparation parameters and heat treatment parameters were determined to be no quench,enthalpy exchange material(EEM)temperature of 140℃,EEM-to-melt ratio of 6mass%,stirring time of 18 s,solution heat treated at 520℃ for 2 h,and ageing heat treated at 190℃ for 6 *** a small batch validation,the-3S yield strength and-3S elongation reach 256.1 MPa and 5.03% respectively,showing a satisfactory *** hardness and microstructure of heat-treated samples with the best and worst properties were characterized to gain insight into the underlying mechanisms affecting the mean value and variations of mechanical properties.

关键词： semi-solid casting taguchi design method signal-to-noise ratio mechanical property microstructure

DCEL:classifier fusion model for Android malware detection

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 163-177页

作者： xu Xiaolong jiang Shuai ZHAO Jinbo WANG Xinheng jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Security&Intelligent Processing Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China School of Computing and Engineering University of West LondonLondon W55RFUK

The rapid growth of mobile applications,the popularity of the Android system and its openness have attracted many hackers and even criminals,who are creating lots of Android ***,the current methods of Android malware detection need a lot of time in the feature engineering ***,these models have the defects of low detection rate,high complexity,and poor practicability,*** analyze the Android malware samples,and the distribution of malware and benign software in application programming interface(API)calls,permissions,and other *** classify the software’s threat levels based on the correlation of ***,we propose deep neural networks and convolutional neural networks with ensemble learning(DCEL),a new classifier fusion model for Android malware ***,DCEL preprocesses the malware data to remove redundant data,and converts the one-dimensional data into a two-dimensional gray ***,the ensemble learning approach is used to combine the deep neural network with the convolutional neural network,and the final classification results are obtained by voting on the prediction of each single *** based on the Drebin and Malgenome datasets show that compared with current state-of-art models,the proposed DCEL has a higher detection rate,higher recall rate,and lower computational cost.

关键词： Android malware detection deep learning ensemble learning model fusion

Operational requirements analysis method based on question answering of WEKG

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第2期35卷 386-395页

作者： ZHANG Zhiwei DOU Yajie xu Xiangqian MA Yufeng jiang jiang TAN Yuejin College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

The weapon and equipment operational requirement analysis(WEORA) is a necessary condition to win a future war,among which the acquisition of knowledge about weapons and equipment is a great challenge. The main challenge is that the existing weapons and equipment data fails to carry out structured knowledge representation, and knowledge navigation based on natural language cannot efficiently support the WEORA. To solve above problem, this research proposes a method based on question answering(QA) of weapons and equipment knowledge graph(WEKG) to construct and navigate the knowledge related to weapons and equipment in the WEORA. This method firstly constructs the WEKG, and builds a neutral network-based QA system over the WEKG by means of semantic parsing for knowledge navigation. Finally, the method is evaluated and a chatbot on the QA system is developed for the WEORA. Our proposed method has good performance in the accuracy and efficiency of searching target knowledge, and can well assist the WEORA.

关键词： operational requirement analysis weapons and equipment knowledge graph(WEKG) question answering(QA) neutral network

Distributed dynamic task allocation for unmanned aerial vehicle swarm systems:A networked evolutionary game-theoretic approach

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 182-204页

作者： Zhe ZHANG Ju jiang Haiyan xu Wen-An ZHANG College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China College of Economics and Management Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China College of Information Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China

Task allocation is a key aspect of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)swarm collaborative *** an continuous increase of UAVs’scale and the complexity and uncertainty of tasks,existing methods have poor performance in computing efficiency,robustness,and realtime allocation,and there is a lack of theoretical analysis on the convergence and optimality of the *** paper presents a novel intelligent framework for distributed decision-making based on the evolutionary game theory to address task allocation for a UAV swarm system in uncertain scenarios.A task allocation model is designed with the local utility of an individual and the global utility of the ***,the paper analytically derives a potential function in the networked evolutionary potential game and proves that the optimal solution of the task allocation problem is a pure strategy Nash equilibrium of a finite strategy ***,a PayOff-based Time-Variant Log-linear Learning Algorithm(POTVLLA)is proposed,which includes a novel learning strategy based on payoffs for an individual and a time-dependent Boltzmann *** former aims to reduce the system’s computational burden and enhance the individual’s effectiveness,while the latter can ensure that the POTVLLA converges to the optimal Nash equilibrium with a probability of *** simulation results show that the approach is optimal,robust,scalable,and fast adaptable to environmental changes,even in some realistic situations where some UAVs or tasks are likely to be lost and increased,further validating the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed framework and algorithm.

关键词： Task allocation Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV) Game theory Log-linear learning Distributed optimization algorithm

Study on a conical bearing for acceleration-sensitive equipment

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第1期23卷 103-128页

作者： Pang Hui xu Wen Dai Junwu jiang Tao Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina Earthquake AdministrationHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Ministry of Emergency ManagementHarbin 150080China School of Civil Engineering and Transportation Beihua UniversityJilin 132013China

Seismic isolation effectively reduces seismic demands on building structures by isolating the superstructure from ground vibrations during ***,isolation strategies give less attention to acceleration-sensitive systems or ***,as the isolation layer’s displacement grows,the stiffness and frequency of traditional rolling and sliding isolation bearings increases,potentially causing self-centering and resonance *** a result,a new conical pendulum bearing has been selected for acceleration-sensitive equipment to increase self-centering capacity,and additional viscous dampers are incorporated to enhance system ***,the theoretical formula for conical pendulum bearings is supplied to analyze the device’s dynamic parameters,and shake table experiments are used to determine the proposed device’s isolation efficiency under various *** to the test results,the newly proposed devices have remarkable isolation performance in terms of minimizing both acceleration and displacement ***,a numerical model of the isolation system is provided for further research,and the accuracy is demonstrated by the aforementioned experiments.

关键词： seismic isolation acceleration-sensitive equipment the conical pendulum bearing shake table tests isolation performance,numerical model

An overview and perspective of identifying lunar craters

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1395-1416页

作者： Yan jiang Changyi xu Ling CHEN State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The spatiotemporal evolution of lunar impact craters is crucial for investigating lunar interior structure,internal and external dynamic processes,and interplanetary impact *** in lunar crater identification are reviewed based on topography and gravity data,and the features and mechanisms of topographic or buried craters are analyzed regarding morphology,gravity anomalies,gravity gradients,and the underlying crust-mantle interface *** on the compiled crater catalog,the early lunar impact flux and thermal evolution are further discussed according to the basin ages and their interior *** some ancient impact basins,the crater size-frequency distribution measurements revealed age discrepancies from previous studies,suggesting that the lunar late heavy bombardment event started at~3.95 *** degraded bulge structures of the crust-mantle interface beneath mare basins reveal that these basins formed on the lunar crust surface under high-temperature conditions and underwent prolonged relaxation compared to highland ***,we reveal that the up-to-date identification of lunar buried craters remains inaccurate and incomplete,preventing us from accurately reconstructing lunar and interplanetary impact ***,we propose that a gravity model constructed using localized orthogonal basis functions can be useful for identifying lunar craters.

关键词： Moon Gravity field Craters Impact flux Early evolution

Blockchain-based immunization against kleptographic attacks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 172-183页

作者： Changsong jiang Chunxiang xu Jie CHEN Kefei CHEN School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Department of Mathematics Hangzhou Normal University

Adversarial implementations of cryptographic primitives called kleptographic attacks cause the leakage of secret information. Subliminal channel attacks are one of the kleptographic attacks. In such attacks, backdoors are embedded in implementations of randomized algorithms to elaborately control randomness generation, such that the secrets will be leaked from biased outputs. To thwart subliminal channel attacks, double-splitting is a feasible solution, which splits the randomness generator of a randomized algorithm into two independent generators. In this paper, we instantiate double-splitting to propose a secure randomness generation algorithm dubbed SRG using two physically independent generators: ordinary and public randomness generators. Based on public blockchains, we construct the public randomness generator,which can be verified publicly. Hashes of a sufficient number of consecutive blocks that are newly confirmed on a blockchain are used to produce public randomness. In SRG, outputs from the two generators are taken as inputs of an immunization function. SRG accomplishes immunization against subliminal channel ***, we discuss the application strategies of SRG for symmetric and public-key encryption.

关键词： kleptographic attacks subliminal channel blockchain immunization randomized algorithm

Federated Meta Reinforcement Learning for Personalized Tasks

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 911-926页

作者： Wentao Liu Xiaolong xu Jintao Wu Jielin jiang School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

As an emerging privacy-preservation machine learning framework,Federated Learning(FL)facilitates different clients to train a shared model collaboratively through exchanging and aggregating model parameters while raw data are kept local and *** this learning framework is applied to Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL),the resultant Federated Reinforcement Learning(FRL)can circumvent the heavy data sampling required in conventional DRL and benefit from diversified training data,besides privacy preservation offered by *** FRL implementations presuppose that clients have compatible tasks which a single global model can *** practice,however,clients usually have incompatible(different but still similar)personalized tasks,which we called task *** may severely hinder the implementation of FRL for practical *** this paper,we propose a Federated Meta Reinforcement Learning(FMRL)framework by integrating Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning(MAML)and ***,we innovatively utilize Proximal Policy Optimization(PPO)to fulfil multi-step local training with a single round of ***,considering the sensitivity of learning rate selection in FRL,we reconstruct the aggregation optimizer with the Federated version of Adam(Fed-Adam)on the server *** experiments demonstrate that,in different environments,FMRL outperforms other FL methods with high training efficiency brought by Fed-Adam.

关键词： federated learning reinforcement learning meta-learning personalization

A gold-based multiplex immunochromatographic sensor for detecting paclitaxel

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6420-6429页

作者： Xiaoqian jiang Aihua Qu Xinxin xu Hua Kuang Liqiang Liu Chuanlai xu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Paclitaxel(PTX),methotrexate(MTX),and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)are commonly-used small molecule anti-tumor drugs for breast ***,drug resistance occurs with long-term treatment or excessive use,and the high concentrations of PTX,MTX,and 5-FU in patients may lead to side effects with dose-limiting toxicities,such as myelosuppression,hepatotoxicity,and peripheral ***,concentration monitoring of PTX,MTX,and 5-FU in clinical treatment is very *** prepared highly sensitive and specific monoclonal antibodies using several haptens,and established a multiple paper-based sensor utilizing optical signals of gold nanoparticles,which simultaneously detected PTX,MTX,and 5-FU in human plasma or urine with 10 min.A portable scanner for quantitative detection in plasma and urine samples was used,and the calculated limit of detection(cLOD)values were 0.002 and 0.142μg/mL for PTX,0.187 and 0.976 ng/mL for MTX,and 0.057 and 0.128μg/mL for 5-FU,*** the recovery test,the recovery rates and the coefficient of variation were 85.84%–108.81%and 1.23%–8.80%,respectively,indicating the reliability and accuracy of the multiple gold immunochromatographic strip(GIS).In addition,for the determination of collected clinical plasma samples,the correlation between the test data of the multiple GIS and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS)was ***,the developed multiple GIS could be applied to the rapid detection of PTX,MTX,and 5-FU in different clinical samples.

关键词： paclitaxel methotrexate 5-fluorouracil immunochromatographic assay plasma urine