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Potential role and therapeutic implications of glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 613-631页

作者： Yanxin Shen Guimei Zhang Chunxiao Wei Panpan zhao Yongchun Wang Mingxi Li Li Sun Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Cognitive Impairment Center Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with a complex and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Despite extensive research, a cure for Alzheimer's disease has not yet been found. Oxidative stress mediates excessive oxidative responses, and its involvement in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis as a primary or secondary pathological event is widely accepted. As a member of the selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme family, glutathione peroxidase 4 reduces esterified phospholipid hydroperoxides to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. With the discovery of ferroptosis, the central role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in anti-lipid peroxidation in several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, has received widespread attention. Increasing evidence suggests that glutathione peroxidase 4 expression is inhibited in the Alzheimer's disease brain, resulting in oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, which are closely associated with pathological damage in Alzheimer's disease. Several therapeutic approaches, such as small molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological treatments, ameliorate pathological damage and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease by promoting glutathione peroxidase 4 expression and enhancing glutathione peroxidase 4 activity. Therefore, glutathione peroxidase 4 upregulation may be a promising strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This review provides an overview of the gene structure, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of glutathione peroxidase 4, a discussion on the important role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in pathological events closely related to Alzheimer's disease, and a summary of the advances in small-molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological therapies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Most prior studies on this subject used animal models, and relevant clinical studies are lacking. Future clinica

关键词： apoptosis ferroptosis inflammation lipid peroxidation natural plant products neurodegenerative disorder neuroprotection oxidative stress small-molecule drugs

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Compressive Strength and Interface Microstructure of PCBN Grains Brazed with High-Frequency Induction Heating Method

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第7期30卷 641-649页

作者： Ye-Jun Zhu Wen-Feng Ding Ze-Yu zhao Yu-can Fu hong-Hua Su College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016China

In order to prepare monolayer brazed superabrasive wheels, the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride（PCBN）grains were brazed to AISI 1045 steel matrix with Ag–Cu–Ti filler alloy using the high-frequency induction heating technique. The compressive strengths of brazed grains were measured. Morphology, chemical composition and phase component of the brazing resultant around PCBN grain were also characterized. The results show that the maximum compressive strength of brazed grains is obtained in the case of brazing temperature of 965 °C, which does not decrease the original grain strength. Strong joining between Ag–Cu–Ti alloy and PCBN grains is dependent on the brazing resultants,such as TiB_2, TiN and AlTi_3, the formation mechanism of which is also discussed. Under the given experimental conditions, the optimum heating parameters were determined to be current magnitude of 24 A and scanning speed of0.5 mm/s. Finally, the brazing-induced residual tensile stress, which has a great influence on the grain fracture behavior in grinding, was determined through finite element analysis.

关键词： High-frequency induction brazing PCBN grain Compressive strength Interface microstructure Residual stress

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Distributed fiber optic sensing system for vibration monitoring of 3D printed bridges

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第1期21卷 28-34页

作者： zhao Shuai ZHOU Ran LUO Mingming LIU Jianfei LIU Xiongfei ZHOU Tao School of Electronic Information Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices School of Civil Engineering and Transportation Hebei University of Technology Tianjin Jinhang Institute of Technical Physics

The fiber optic sensing technology provides data support in structural health monitoring of the macro facilities, including design, construction, and maintenance of bridges, tunnels, ports and other infrastructures. In this paper, a distributed vibration sensing system is proved to be responsive to a single touch over a 1.8-m-long equivalent fiber segment, covering a vibration frequency from 5 Hz to 25 kHz. The sensing fiber was arranged as an S type layout on the bridge to recognize the standing state, windblown disturbance, and walking vibration. Moreover, the knocking and climbing events are recognized fiber laying spinning lines and hanging on the fences, respectively. The demonstration shows an accurate positioning and sensitive vibration monitoring applied on the automated three-dimensional(3D) printed bridge, which is applicable to all kinds of 3D printed facilities as intelligent sensory neuro-networks.

关键词： Spinning (fibers)

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Low-cost and fluoride-free synthesis of MFI zeolite nanosheets with enhanced stability for benzene alkylation with ethanol

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 458-468页

作者： Peng Zhu Cun Liu Yiren Yu Guoshu Gao Yumeng zhao Xiongfu Zhang Guodong Liu Guohui Yang State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Zeolite nanosheets with a short b-axis thickness are highly desirable in lots of catalytic reactions due to their reduced diffusion resistance. Nevertheless, conventional synthesis methods usually require expensive structure-directing agents(SDAs), pricey raw materials, and eco-unfriendly fluorine-containing additives. Here, we contributed a cost-effective and fluoride-free synthesis method for synthesizing high-quality MFI zeolite nanosheets through a Silicalite-1(Sil-1) seed suspension and urea cooperative strategy, only with inexpensive colloidal silica as the Si source. Our approach was effective for synthesizing both Sil-1 and aluminum-containing ZSM-5 nanosheets. By optimizing key synthesis parameters,including seed aging time, seed quantity, and urea concentration, we achieved precise control over the crystal face aspect ratio and b-axis thickness. We also revealed a non-classical oriented nanosheet growth mechanism, where Sil-1 seeds induced the formation of quasi-ordered precursor particles, and the(010)crystal planes of these particles facilitated urea adsorption, thereby promoting c-axis-oriented *** obtained ZSM-5 nanosheets exhibited exceptional catalytic performance in the benzene alkylation with ethanol, maintaining stability for over 500 h, which is 5 times longer than traditional ZSM-5 catalysts. Furthermore, large-scale production of ZSM-5 nanosheets was successfully carried out in a 3 L highpressure autoclave, yielding samples consistent with those from laboratory-scale synthesis. This work marks a significant step forward in the sustainable and efficient production of MFI nanosheets using inexpensive and environmentally friendly raw materials, offering the broad applicability in catalysis.

关键词： Aspect ratio

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Flexible molecules dedicate to release strain of inverted inorganic perovskite solar cell

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 87-93页

作者： hongrui Sun Sanlong Wang Pengyang Wang Yali Liu Shanshan Qi Biao Shi Ying zhao Xiaodan Zhang Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and CellsNankai University Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)

The tensile strain in inorganic perovskite films induced by thermal annealing is one of the primary factors contributing to the inefficiency and instability of inorganic perovskite solar cells （IPSCs）,which reduces the defect formation ***,a flexible molecule 5-maleimidovaleric acid （5-MVA） was introduced as a strain buffer to release the residual strain of *** anhydride and carboxyl groups in 5-MVA interact strongly with the uncoordinated Pb2+through Lewis acid-base reaction,thus tightly“pull”the perovskite *** in-between soft carbon chain increased the structural flexibility of CsPbI2.85Br0.15perovskite materials,which effectively relieved the intrinsic internal strain of CsPbI2.85Br0.15,resisted the corrosion of external strain,and also reduced the formation of defects such as VIand *** addition,the introduction of 5-MVA improved crystal quality,passivated residual defects,and narrowed energy level ***,power conversion efficiency （PCE） of NiOxbased inverted IPSCs increased from 19.25% to 20.82% with the open-circuit voltage enhanced from 1.164 V to 1.230 *** release of strain also improved the stability of CsPbI2.85Br0.15perovskite films and devices.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells

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Inferring the dynamics of “black-box” systems using a learning machine

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第7期64卷 72-81页

作者： hong zhao Department of Physics Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Given a segment of a time series of a system at a particular set of parameter values, is it possible to infer the dynamic behavior of the system in its parameter space? Here, we show that this goal can be achieved to a certain extent using a self-evolution learning machine. It is found that following an appropriate training strategy that monotonously decreases the cost function, the learning machine in different training stages is just like the system at different parameter sets. Consequently, the dynamic properties of the system are, in turn, usually revealed in the simple-to-complex order. The underlying mechanism can be attributed to the training strategy, which results in the learning machine collapsing to a qualitatively equivalent system of the system behind the time series. Thus, the learning machine enables a novel way of probing the dynamic properties of a “black-box” system without artificially establishing the equations of motion. The given illustrative examples include a representative model of low-dimensional nonlinear dynamical systems and a spatiotemporal model of reaction-diffusion systems.

关键词： prediction learning machine inverse problems “black-box”system nonlinear dynamics

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Orbitronics for energy-efficient magnetization switching

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期 398-399页

作者： Yuxuan YAO Daoqian ZHU Qingtao XIA Jianing LIANG Yuhao JIANG Zhiyang PENG Jiaxu LI Chen XIAO Renyou XU Wenwen WANG Xiantao SHANG Shiyang LU Dapeng ZHU hong-Xi LIU Kaihua CAO Weisheng zhao Fert Beijing Institute School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Beihang University National Key Lab of Spintronics Institute of International Innovation Beihang University Qingdao Research Institute Beihang University Truth Memory Corporation

Spin-orbit torque （SOT）,as a promising writing method for magnetic random-access memory （MRAM）,has garnered widespread interest for over a decade [1].Heavy metals,such as β-W,have been broadly adopted as spin current sources,but suffer from phase change at a limited thickness,resulting in a dramatic reduction of the charge-tospin conversion efficiency θSH[2].The thickness limitation leads to stringent etching conditions and large distribution among devices,posing challenges for simultaneously satisfying SOT efficiency,etching-stop margins,and back-end-ofline （BEOL） compatibility.

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Efficient Difference Schemes for the Caputo-Tempered Fractional Diffusion Equations Based on Polynomial Interpolation

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2021年第1期3卷 1-40页

作者： Le zhao can Li Fengqun zhao Department of Applied Mathematics Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710054China

The tempered fractional calculus has been successfully applied for depicting the time evolution of a system describing non-Markovian diffusion *** related governing equations are a series of partial differential equations with tempered fractional *** the polynomial interpolation technique,in this paper,we present three efficient numerical formulas,namely the tempered L1 formula,the tempered L1-2 formula,and the tempered L2-1_(σ)formula,to approximate the Caputo-tempered fractional derivative of orderα∈(0,1).The truncation error of the tempered L1 formula is of order 2-α,and the tempered L1-2 formula and L2-1_(σ)formula are of order 3-α.As an application,we construct implicit schemes and implicit ADI schemes for one-dimensional and two-dimensional time-tempered fractional diffusion equations,***,the unconditional stability and convergence of two developed difference schemes with tempered L1 and L2-1_(σ)formulas are proved by the Fourier analysis ***,we provide several numerical examples to demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.

关键词： Caputo-tempered fractional derivative Polynomial interpolation Implicit ADI schemes Stability

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Graph convolutional network for axial concentration profiles prediction in simulated moving bed

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第9期73卷 270-280页

作者： can Ding Minglei Yang Yunmeng zhao Wenli Du Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

The simulated moving bed(SMB)chromatographic separation is a continuous compound separation process based on the differences in adsorption capacity exhibited by distinct constituents of a mixture on the fluid phase and stationary *** prediction of axial concentration profiles along the beds in a unit is crucial for the operating optimization of *** the correlation shared by operating variables of SMB has an enormous impact on the operational state of the device,these correlations have been long overlooked,especially by the data-driven *** study proposes an operating variable-based graph convolutional network(OV-GCN)to enclose the underrepresented correlations and precisely predict axial concentration profiles prediction in *** OV-GCN estimates operating variables with the Spearman correlation coefficient and incorporates them in the adjacency matrix of a graph convolutional network for information propagation and feature *** with Random Forest,K-Nearest Neighbors,Support Vector Regression,and Backpropagation Neural Network,the values of the three performance evaluation metrics,namely MAE,RMSE,and R^(2),indicate that OV-GCN has better prediction accuracy in predicting five essential aromatic compounds'axial concentration profiles of an SMB for separating p-xylene(PX).In addition,the OV-GCN method demonstrates a remarkable ability to provide high-precision and fast predictions in three industrial case *** the goal of simultaneously maximizing PX purity and yield,we employ the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II optimization method to perform multi-objective optimization of the PX purity and *** outcome suggests a promising approach to extracting and representing correlations among operating variables in data-driven process modeling.

关键词： Chromatography Prediction Operating variables Graph convolutional network Optimization

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Enhanced autophagic clearance of amyloid-βvia histone deacetylase 6-mediated V-ATPase assembly and lysosomal acidification protects against Alzheimer's disease in vitro and in vivo

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2633-2644页

作者： Zhimin Long Chuanhua Ge Yueyang zhao Yuanjie Liu Qinghua Zeng Qing Tang Zhifang Dong Guiqiong He Institute of Neuroscience School of Basic Medical SciencesChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Anatomy Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Physiology Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Pediatric Research Institute Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Recent studies have suggested that abnormal acidification of lysosomes induces autophagic accumulation of amyloid-βin neurons,which is a key step in senile plaque ***,resto ring normal lysosomal function and rebalancing lysosomal acidification in neurons in the brain may be a new treatment strategy for Alzheimer's *** acetylation/deacetylation plays a central role in lysosomal ***,we show that inhibiting the classic microtubule deacetylase histone deacetylase 6 with an histone deacetylase 6 shRNA or thehistone deacetylase 6 inhibitor valproic acid promoted lysosomal reacidification by modulating V-ATPase assembly in Alzheimer's *** rthermore,we found that treatment with valproic acid markedly enhanced *** clearance of amyloid-βaggregates,and ameliorated cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's *** findings demonstrate a previously unknown neuroprotective mechanism in Alzheimer's disease,in which histone deacetylase 6 inhibition by valproic acid increases V-ATPase assembly and lysosomal acidification.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β APP/PS1 mice autophagy cognitive impairment histone deacetylase 6 lysosomal acidification microtubule acetylation valproic acid V-ATPase

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