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Toxic marine diatoms of hong kong:A paleoecological study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1997年第1期9卷 1-10页

作者： Mike Dickman Tom Glenwright Ecology and Biodiversity Department,The University of hong kong,hong kong Ecology Department University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong

To determine whether toxic diatoms in hong kong's Victoria Harbour have become more common during the last four decades,a gravity core was taken from the anaerobic sediments of Kowloon Bay in the harbour. Analysis of these sediments from a depth of 0-1cm,4-5cm and 9-10cm indicated that 6.4%,2.4% and 1.5% of the diatoms observed at each of these three respective depths belonged to the genus Pseudonitzschia. The abundance of Pseudonitzschia frustules in the surface sediments of Victoria Harbour was significantly higher(phong kong's coastal waters as a re- sult of man's activities.

关键词： paleoecology sediment cores marine diatoms toxic diatoms Pseudonitzschia.

Deformity frequencies of benthic marine diatoms associated with contaminated sediments in hong kong

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1998年第1期10卷 15-26页

作者： Ecology and Biodiversity Department, The University of hong kong, Pokfulam Road, hong kong

The relationship between contaminated sediments and deformity frequencies for benthic diatoms was the subject of this study. There were two basic types of diatom deformities observed in this study of Tolo Harbour diatoms: 1. Diatoms with deformed cell wall morphology and 2. diatoms with deformed ornamentation. Deformed individuals of Fragilaria capucina and Achananthes hauckiana Grun. displayed external cell wall deformities while deformed individuals of Diatoma displayed deformities in valve ornamentation. Abnormal cell morphology was used as an indicator of a degraded ecosystem. There was a significant correlation( P <0.05, r s=0.652) between sediment toxicity as reflected by the microtox test and benthic diatom diversity. Species diversity and species richness levels at the twelve sites were closely correlated with one another and inversely correlated with sediment toxicity as reflected by our microtox results( r s=0.809, P <0.01). The microtox test for acute toxicity was correlated ( P <0.05) with diatom species richness. The deformity frequencies and microtox tests were not significantly correlated. This lack of correlation was expected as in numerous laboratory studies, toxic substances were not necessarily mutagenic. The use of diatom deformity frequencies as a means of assessing the mutagenic/teratogenic impacts of anthropogenic substances on a marine benthic diatom community necessitates the enumeration of a large number of diatoms making this method extremely labor intensive.

关键词： deformity frequencies benthic marine diatoms contaminated sediments.

Particulate problems of different occupational environments in hong kong

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1999年第4期11卷 385-391页

作者： LEUNG Y.C., CHEUNG K.K. (Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of hong kong, hong kong Special Administrative Region) 香港大学机械工程系香港

This paper studied the air pollution problems that occurred in various working environments in hong kong through questionnaire survey and field measurements. Results of the survey showed that more than half of the respondents, who were affected by different kinds of air pollution, were suffering from either eye and nasal allergies, or throat irritation. Many of them recognized dust particulate to be the most serious air pollutant in their working environments. A portable laser dust monitor was employed to measure the levels of dust particulate that would be inhaled by people of different occupations and subject to different environments. The measurement results revealed that only some occupations were exposed to unacceptably high particulate levels. Generally, the particulate levels of most of the studied working environments, catering premises and entertainment places were much lower than the ambient levels and unlikely to pose any occupational hygiene problems.

关键词： air pollution dust particulate hong kong

Development and experience in the monitoring,assessment and control of environmentalpollutants in hong kong

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1991年第2期3卷 1-10页

作者： Feng Yingsheng(Y.S.Fung)Deparnent of Chemistry,University of hong kong,hong kong

The late start of environmental protection in hong kong was discussed in the light of problems encountered during the development of environmental protection legislation in hong kong for the past 20 years. The collaboration in monitoring and assessment of environmental pollutants between the University of hong kong and various governments were descrbed in parallel with the progress in environmental protection in hong kong. The developments of new analytical techniques for environmental monitoring and analysis is given and their application in environmental control described. The joint projects in assessment and control of environmental pollutants carried out in collaboration with local industries and other organizations within and without the university are given and discussed. The problems and possible solution facing hong kong in development control equipment for small scale industries are discussed and areas of development identified. The development and experience in the monitoring assessment and control of environmental pollutants in hong kong are summarized and areas of difficulties are illustrated.

关键词： monitoring of pollutants assessment of pollutants control of pollutants small scale industries urban pollution.

Weather and traffic accidents in hong kong

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1998年第3期8卷 93-98页

作者： Yuk Yee Yan Department of Geography hong kong Baptist University Kowloon Tong, hong kong

The influence of rainfall and thermal stress in accident occurrence for the period 1985 through 1994 in hong kong was investigated. The existence of seasonal variations and weekly cycle was also examined. Daity accident and meteorological data were obtained from the Transport Department and the hong kong Observatory respectively. Utilizing regression analyses and ANOVA, it is discovered that seasonal variation was not important in contributing traffic accidents, and Saturday peak was not ascertained. A non linear relationship between accident occurrence and various rain conditions was found. Accident numbers increased till rain exceeded 50.0 mm. High traffic volume and low speed urban driving in hong kong can be the major cause of traffic accidents on rainy days. The impact of heat stress on accident occurrence was found to be statistically significant.

关键词： traffic accidents rainfall thermal stress clo.

IMPACT OF CLIMATE ON SUMMER RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION IN hong kong

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1997年第4期7卷 44-50页

作者： Yuk Yee Yan Department of Geography hong kong Baptist University Kowloon Tong, hong kong

The influence of climatic variables and cooling degree days (CDD) on summer residential electricity consumption for the period 1980 through 1994 in hong kong was investigated. The association between Clo, a measure of amount of Clothing insulation to maintain comfort, and residential electricity consumption was also examined. Utilizing monthly data and multiple regression analyses, it is discovered vapor pressure was not significantly related to electricity consumption while Cloud cover was negatively associated with electricity use. Climatic variables, CDD and Clo provided highly comparable results in modeling summer residential electricity consumption. Mean temperature and Cloud gave the best result. Clo yielded a slightly higher R2 value (0.867) than that of CDD (0.865) in the models. These results indicated that Clo could replace the weather variables and CDD to model electricity consumption.

关键词： cooling degree days Clo residential electricity consumption.

Assessment of the damages and direct economic loss in hong kong due to Super Typhoon Mangkhut in 2018

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2020年第4期9卷 193-205页

作者： Chun-wing Choy The hong kong Federation of Insurers Man-chi Wu Tsz-cheung Lee hong kong Observatory Hong KongChina

Super Typhoon Mangkhut hit hong kong on September 16,2018,necessitating the issuance of the highest tropical cyclone warning signal,No.10 Hurricane *** ferocious winds and record-breaking storm surge,Mangkhut brought the most serious and widespread destruction to the territory in the recent three decades.A series of post event information search,field visits and damage surveys has been conducted by the hong kong Observatory(HKO)and the findings on the damages and impacts caused by Mangkhut in different parts of the territory are documented in this ***,by analyzing the economic loss data reported by various government departments,public utilities and organizations in hong kong and the statistics on insurance claims from the hong kong Federation of Insurers(HKFI),the estimated direct economic loss due to Mangkhut in hong kong is about HK$4.60 billion,which is about 3.8 times to that of Super Typhoon Hato in *** the contrary,in the Guangdong-hong kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,the estimated direct economic loss due to Hato is significantly higher than that of *** could be attributed to the early and effective warnings for Mangkhut,increased public awareness and typhoon preparedness for Mangkhut in 2018 since the fierce attack of Hato in 2017,and infrastructure enhancement of the major impact areas.

关键词： Mangkhut Hato Typhoon impacts Storm damages Economic loss hong kong Greater bay area

Statistical characteristics of chlorophyll-a concentration in hong kong's coastal waters

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2002年第3期12卷 331-342页

作者： CHEN Xiaoling, Yok Sheung Li, LI Zhilin(1. Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering, The hong kong Polytechnic University, hong kong, China 2. National Laboratory for Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (LIESMARS), Wuhan Uni Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 香港 Wuhan University National Laboratory for Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing (LIESMARS) Wuhan 430072 Dept. of Land Surveying & Geo-Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 香港

In this paper seven of the ten Water Control Zones (WCZs) in hong kong's coastal waters with monthly or bi-weekly sampling data of 17 parameters collected at 37 monitoring stations from 1988 to 1999 were selected to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of chlorophyll-a and its influencing factors. Cluster analysis was employed to group the monitoring stations based on the structure of the data set. Multiple step regression was employed to determine the significant influencing factors of chlorophyll-a level. The results suggest that all the monitoring stations could be grouped into two clusters. Cluster Ⅰ with frequent red tide incidents comprises two WCZs which are semi-enclosed bays. Cluster Ⅱ with less red tide occurrence comprises the other five WCZs in an estuarine environment in the west. For both clusters, the organic contents indicator, BODS, was a common significant influencing factor of the chlorophyll-a level. Nitrogen and light penetration condition related to turbidity, total volatile solids and suspended solids had more influence on the cholophyll-a level in Cluster Ⅰ than in Cluster Ⅱ, while phosphorus and oceanographic conditions associated with salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH were more important in Cluster Ⅱ than in Cluster Ⅰ. Generally, there was a higher average chlorophyll-a level in winter and autumn in a year. The chlorophyll-a level was much higher in Cluster Ⅰ than in Cluster Ⅱ among all seasons. Although the chlorophyll-a concentration had great variations from place to place in hong kong's coastal waters, it seemed to have a common long term fluctuation period of 8-10 years with a high-low-high variation in the period in the whole region, which might be influenced by other factors of global scale.

关键词： hong kong's coastal waters chlorophyll-a concentration spatial-temporal variations

PROSPECTS FOR S&T COOPERATION BETWEEN hong kong & THE MAINLAND

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Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 1997年第3期11卷 213-214页

作者： Chia-Wei Woo(hong kong University of Science and Technology, hong kong,

On July 1, 1997, hong kong returns to her mother country. This is a great day for the Chinese people; indeed, it will be a milestone in Chinese history. In terms of scientific and technological cooperation, it may tur... 详细信息

关键词： THE MAINLAND PROSPECTS FOR S&T COOPERATION BETWEEN hong kong