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Pectate lyase is a factor in the adaptability for Heterodera glycines infecting tobacco

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第3期18卷 618-626页

作者： TIAN Zhong-ling shi hong-li Munawar Maria ZHENG Jing-wu Laboratory of Plant Nematology Institute of BiotechnologyCollege of Agriculture&BiotechnologyZhejiang University School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Henan Institute of Science and Technology Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Ministry of Agriculture

The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodeara glycines, is a serious pathogen of soybean, and reported to be the host of a wide range of Fabaceae. In the present study, the host specificity and reproductivity of two populations of H. glycines collected from soybean and tobacco were identified and characterized. The comparative identity between β-1,4-endoglucanase, pectate lyase and chorismate mutase of H. glycines parasitizing on soybean and tobacco were 99, 97 and 98%, respectively. The qR T-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of pectate lyase 2 gene was significantly higher in second-stage juveniles of H. glycines Henan population parasitizing on tobacco than that of H. glycines Shanxi population parasitizing on soybean. In addition, the pectic acid content of cell wall was significantly higher(45%) in the roots of tobacco than the roots of soybean. Our results indicate that the changes in transcript parasitism genes may be a result of long-term evolution illustrating how a plant-parasitic nematode adapts to the host environment for optimal infestation and survival.

关键词： s: Heterodera glycines tobacco parasitism genes β-1,4-endoglucanase pectate lyase chorismate mutase pectic acid

A domino desulfitative coupling and decarboxylative coupling of 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-thiones with copper(Ⅰ)carboxylates

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2017年第5期28卷 1074-1078页

作者： Zhang Zhang shi-hong Lu Bin Xu Xi-Cun Wang Key Laborarory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education of ChinaLanzhou 730070China Gansu Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China

A novel and general carbon-nitrogen and carbon-carbon cross-coupling reaction between 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-thiones and copper（Ⅰ） carboxylates were performed in the presence of palladium *** copper（Ⅰ） carboxylates act not only as desulfurative reagents but also as sources of carbon nudeophiles.A wide array of highly substituted and functionalized pyrimidines scaffolds were synthesized in good yields.

关键词： Dihydropyrimidinthiones Desulfitative Copper(Ⅰ) carboxylates Decarboxylative Cross-coupling

Hydrogen Peroxide in Plants:a Versatile Molecule of the Reactive Oxygen Species Network

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第1期50卷 2-18页

作者： Li-Juan Quan Bo Zhang Wei-Wei shi hong-Yu Li MOE Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Ecology School of Life Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

Plants often face the challenge of severe environmental conditions, which include various biotic and abiotic stresses that exert adverse effects on plant growth and development. During evolution, plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to adapt to various environmental stressors. One of the consequences of stress is an increase in the cellular concentration of reactive oxygen species （ROS）, which are subsequently converted to hydrogen peroxide （H2O2）. Even under normal conditions, higher plants produce ROS during metabolic processes. Excess concentrations of ROS result in oxidative damage to or the apoptotic death of cells. Development of an antioxidant defense system in plants protects them against oxidative stress damage. These ROS and, more particularly, H2O2, play versatile roles in normal plant physiological processes and in resistance to stresses. Recently, H2O2 has been regarded as a signaling molecule and regulator of the expression of some genes in cells. This review describes various aspects of H2O2 function, generation and scavenging, gene regulation and cross-links with other physiological molecules during plant growth, development and resistance responses.

关键词： antioxidant system gene regulation hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling molecule.

Reconstruction of noise-driven nonlinear dynamic networks with some hidden nodes

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2017年第7期60卷 40-47页

作者： Yang Chen Chao Yang Zhang Tian Yu Chen shi hong Wang Gang Hu School of Sciences Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Faculty of Science Ningbo University Department of Physics Beijing Normal University

The problem of network reconstruction, particularly exploring unknown network structures by analyzing measurable output data from networks, has attracted significant interest in many interdisciplinary fields in recent times. In practice, networks may be very large, and data can often be measured for only some of the nodes in a network while data for other variables are bidden. It is thus crucial to be able to infer networks from partial data. In this article, we study the problem of noise-driven nonlinear networks with some hidden nodes. Various difficulties appear jointly： nonlinearity of network dynamics, the impact of strong noise, the complexity of interaction structures between network nodes, and missing data from certain hidden nodes. We propose using high-order correlation to treat nonlinearity and structural complexity, two-time correlation to decorrelate noise, and higher- order derivatives to overcome the difficulties of hidden nodes. A closed form of network reconstruction is derived, and numerical simulations confirm the theoretical predictions.

关键词： network reconstruction hidden nodes noise nonlinear dynamics neuron networks

Response of slope surface roughness to wave-induced erosion during water level fluctuating

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第4期17卷 871-883页

作者： GU Ju LIU Gang ABD ELBASIT Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed shi hong-qiang State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China Agricultural Research Council Institute for SoilClimate&WaterPrivate Bag X79Pretoria 0001South Africa

The bank slopes in hydro-fluctuation areas of reservoirs or lakes suffer from severe erosion due to an absence of protection. Waves are one of the important external forces that cause bank erosion and slope failures. However, the processes and quantified impacts of wave-induced erosion on slopes remain unclear under different water level-fluctuation conditions. This paper focuses on the characteristics of wave-induced slope erosion under three conditions: water level dropping(WLD), fixed(WLF) and rising(WLR). A steel tank with glass pane was used to simulate the wave-induced slope erosion in the three treatments. The slope elevation data were collected by using the method of the pin meter for every 15 minutes from the beginning to the end, a total of 5 times during all treatments. These data were processed by using software(SURFER 9.0) to get the slope micro-topography and the erosion volume. Then the temporal and spatial change of slope erosion was analysed according to the erosion amount or erosion rate calculated based on bulk density of slope soil. The results demonstrated that the soil erosion rates for different water level changing treatments are in the following order: WLR>WLD>WLF. For the erosion spatial variation, the middle part of the slope was the major source of sediment in the WLD. The upper part of the slope was the major source of the sediment for the other two treatments. Compared with the standard deviation(SD), the coefficient of variation(CV) based on the SD is more representative of variations in the soil surface roughness(SSR). Furthermore, the good fit between the SSR and soil erosion rate have the potential to be used to predict soil erosion. Above all, the injection angle of the wave determined the rate of erosion to some extent, and the fall-back flow of the wave could also influence the extent of erosion, deposition, and bank morphology. It is vital to choose the appropriate index(SD or CV) in the three water levels to improve the predict

关键词： Bank erosion Erosion rate Micro topography Soil surface roughness Breaking point

A simple analytical model to predict liquid unloading in the horizontal gas well

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2021年第5期33卷 1056-1064页

作者： Zhi-bin Wang Jin-quan Ling Tian-li Sun hong-yan shi Guo Zhu State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChendu 610500China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China No 2 Gas Production PlantSouthwest Oil and Gas CompanySINOPECLangzhong 637400China Infrastructure Department Southwest Oil and Gas CompanySINOPECChengdu 610041China

An accurate prediction of the critical gas velocity for the liquid loading is of great importance for operators to select the tubing diameter for the newly drilled gas wells,or to optimize the production rate for production *** is clear from previous experimental studies of the liquid entrainment rate in the gas core that the liquid is mainly carried in the form of film under the critical condition of the liquid loading *** is more reasonable to establish a mathematical model based on the film reversal rather than based on the droplet *** our previous paper entitled“Prediction of the critical gas velocity of liquid unloading in the horizontal gas well”,a new analytical model was established based on the force balance between the gas-liquid interfacial friction force and the bottom film gravity,but the model is not very convenient to use because of the complexity of calculating the average film *** the present study,a new method is proposed to calculate the average film thickness from the bubble drift velocity in the mixture,so the new analytical model becomes much easier to *** new analytical model is evaluated against 103 sets of experimental data,the data in 124 vertical gas wells and one horizontal gas ***,the effect ofthe liquid loading on the production of the horizontal gas well is also analyzed.

关键词： Horizontal gas well inclined annular flow liquid-film thickness liquid unloading

Power Absorption of A Two-Body Heaving Wave Energy Converter Considering Different Control and Power Take-off Systems

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China Ocean Engineering 2022年第1期36卷 15-27页

作者： DONG Xiao-chen GAO Zhen LI De-min HUANG Shu-ting shi hong-da Department of Ocean Engineering College of EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Department of Marine Technology and Centre for Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems(AMOS) Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Trondheim 7491Norway Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Qingdao Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocean Renewable Energy Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Institute of Marine Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

This study proposed a wave power system with two coaxial floating cylinders of different diameters and ***’s conceptual design has been adopted in the wave power *** this study,a basic analysis of the wave energy extraction by the relative motion between two floats is *** maximum power absorption was studied theoretically under regular wave conditions,and the effects of both linear and constant damping forces on the power take-off(PTO)were investigated.A set of dynamic equations describing the floats’displacement under regular waves and different PTOs are established.A time-domain numerical model is developed,considering the PTO parameter and viscous damping,and the optimal PTO damping and output power are *** the analysis of estimating the maximum power absorption,a new estimation method called Power Capture Function(PCF)is proposed and constructed,which can be used to predict the power capture under both linear and constant PTO *** on this,energy extraction is analyzed and ***,the performance characteristics of the two-body power system are concluded.

关键词： two-body heaving wave energy converter power capture function power take-off

Layered double hydroxide nanosheets activate CsPbBr_(3) nanocrystals for enhanced photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction

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Nano Research 2022年第7期15卷 5953-5961页

作者： Shuang Zhao Qian Liang Zhongyu Li hong shi Zhenyu Wu Hui Huang Zhenhui Kang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology School of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyTaipa 999078MacaoChina Institute of Advanced Materials Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

Halide perovskite nanocrystals are potential catalysts for CO_(2) photoreduction,while,the strong radiative recombination and insufficient stability limit their catalytic performance and ***,we report that layered double hydroxide nanosheets activate CsPbBr_(3) nanocrystals(CLDH)for enhanced photocatalytic CO_(2) *** CLDH heterojunctions show the remarkably enhanced CO_(2) photoreduction performance;without cocatalyst and sacrificial agent,the average electron consumption rate of CLDH(49.16μmol·g^(−1)·h^(−1))is approximately 3.7 times higher than that of pristine CsPbBr_(3).Also,CLDH catalyst exhibits a robust stability after ten cycles over 30 h.

关键词： CsPbBr_(3) NiAl-LDH CO_(2)reduction Z-scheme photocatalysis

Numerical and experimental study on the hydraulic characteristics of a vertical axial pump under various clearances of flare tube

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2023年第1期35卷 125-144页

作者： Jia-qi Chen Zhi-kui He Zhi-yang Hu hong-bo shi Xikun Wang Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China Chongqing Pump Industry Co.Ltd. Chongqing400033China

In order to investigate the characteristics of a vertical axial flow pump under various clearances of flare tube, the bell-shaped inlet and box culvert outlet channels with flare tube are studied numerically and experimentally. Then, the cases of inlet and outlet channels with the least hydraulic loss are selected to form an integral pump system, for which both numerical simulation and experimental investigation are carried out. The numerical results agree well with the experimental data. It is shown that the clearances of the interfaces between different components of the pump system have a significant impact on the internal flow structure, turbulent entropy and hydraulic performance of the inlet and outlet channels. For the cases of normalized bottom clearance less than 0.5 and normalized top clearance larger than 0.4, the internal flow and hydraulic performance indexes of inlet and outlet channels are relatively poor. There also exists a critical clearance in either inlet or outlet channel at which the hydraulic loss reaches the maximum. The results serve as an important reference for the design as well as safe and efficient operation of the vertical axial flow pump system.

关键词： Axial flow pump clearance of flare tube numerical simulation experiment hydrodynamic characteristics