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Negative enthalpy alloys and local chemical ordering:a concept and route leading to synergy of strength and ductility

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 172-184页

作者： Zibing An Tao Yang Caijuan Shi Shengcheng Mao Lihua Wang Ang Li Wei Li Xianmeng Xue Ming Sun Yifan Bai Yapeng He Fuzeng ren Zhouguang Lu Ming Yan Yang ren Chain-Tsuan Liu Ze Zhang Xiaodong Han Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials College of Materials Science &Engineering Beijing University of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Partial Acceleration Physics& Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Materials Science &Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University

Solid solutions are ubiquitous in metals and alloys. Local chemical ordering(LCO) is a fundamental sub-nano/nanoscale process that occurs in many solid solutions and can be used as a microstructure to optimize strength and ductility. However, the formation of LCO has not been fully elucidated, let alone how to provide efficient routes for designing LCO to achieve synergistic effects on both superb strength and ductility. Herein, we propose the formation and control of LCO in negative enthalpy alloys. With engineering negative enthalpy in solid solutions, genetic LCO components are formed in negative enthalpy refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs). In contrast to conventional ‘trial-and-error' approaches, the control of LCO by using engineering negative enthalpy in RHEAs is instructive and results in superior strength(1160 MPa) and uniform ductility(24.5%) under tension at ambient temperature, which are among the best reported so far. LCO can promote dislocation cross-slip, enhancing the interaction between dislocations and their accumulation at large tensile strains; sustainable strain hardening can thereby be attained to ensure high ductility of the alloy. This work paves the way for new research fields on negative enthalpy solid solutions and alloys for the synergy of strength and ductility as well as new functions.

关键词： negative enthalpy alloys local chemical ordering strength ductility dislocation

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 804-812页

作者： XIAOYU NIE HAOTIAN SONG WENHAN ren ZHEDONG ZHANG TAO PENG MARLAN O.SCULLY Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA School of Physics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Physics City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Baylor University WacoTexas 76706USA

The generation of speckle patterns via random matrices, statistical definitions, or apertures may not always result in optimal outcomes. Issues such as correlation fluctuations in low ensemble numbers and diffraction in long-distance propagation can arise. Instead of improving results of specific applications, our solution is catching deep correlations of patterns with the framework, Speckle-Net, which is fundamental and universally applicable to various systems. We demonstrate this in computational ghost imaging(CGI) and structured illumination microscopy(SIM). In CGI with extremely low ensemble number, it customizes correlation width and minimizes correlation fluctuations in illuminating patterns to achieve higher-quality images. It also creates non-Rayleigh nondiffracting speckle patterns only through a phase mask modulation, which overcomes the power loss in the traditional ring-aperture method. Our approach provides new insights into the nontrivial speckle patterns and has great potential for a variety of applications including dynamic SIM, X-ray and photo-acoustic imaging, and disorder physics.

关键词： CGI Deep ghost

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Waning humoral immune responses to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with severe liver disease

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第7期7卷 2138-2140页

作者： Zhiwei Chen Yingzhi Zhang Rui Song Lu Wang Xiaoxiao Hu Hu Li Dachuan Cai Peng Hu Xiaofeng Shi hong ren Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases(Ministry of Education) Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious Diseasesthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Dear Editor,The Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is still ongoing around the world.Patients with severe liver disease(SLD),such as compensated cirrhosis(CC),decompensated cirrhosis(DC)or hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),are highly vulnerable and have worse outcomes from COVID-191.Vaccines are effective measure for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection,severe disease,and mortality.Recent studies have preliminarily described the safety and immunogenicity of SARSCoV-2 vaccines in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)2,and in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection(CHB)3.However,data are limited on the safety and immunogenicity of inactivated vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in SLD patients.Additionally,the memory B cells(MBCs)responses and immunological memory after vaccination in SLD patients is still unclear.Hence,we aim to explore the safety,antibody responses,and MBCs responses of inactivated vaccines(BBIBPCorV or CoronaVac)in SLD patients through a prospective observational study(NCT05007665).

关键词： patients vaccines prevention

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论数字经济与社会主义市场经济的深度融合

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中国工业经济 2024年第5期 5-19页

作者：洪银兴任保平南京大学长江三角洲经济社会发展研究中心南京大学数字经济与管理学院

数字经济与社会主义市场经济深度融合体现了制度与技术的协同,能够推动建设高水平社会主义市场经济体制。社会主义市场经济与数字经济同处于一个经济体中,两者的运行和作用融为一体形成合力。数字经济是以其技术手段融入社会主义市场经... 详细信息

数字经济与社会主义市场经济深度融合体现了制度与技术的协同,能够推动建设高水平社会主义市场经济体制。社会主义市场经济与数字经济同处于一个经济体中,两者的运行和作用融为一体形成合力。数字经济是以其技术手段融入社会主义市场经济,形成数字化市场经济,为社会主义市场经济有效运行提供技术平台和手段,推进高水平社会主义市场体制的建设。社会主义市场经济是以其制度要素融入数字经济,形成市场化数字经济。本文根据党的二十大提出的社会主义市场经济基础制度内容,分别考察数字经济与产权保护、市场准入、公平竞争、社会信用的双向深度融合。数字经济完善产权保护,涉及数据产权保护,实现数据要素在流通、使用中的价值增值;数字经济完善市场准入,数字经济的各类要素和数字经济主体自主进入市场,推动全国统一大数据市场建设;数字经济完善公平竞争,数字经济在提供反垄断和反不正当竞争手段的同时,自身也有反垄断和反不正当竞争的特定要求;数字经济以数字技术和平台完善社会信用制度的同时,自身也需要建设社会信用体系。

关键词：数字经济社会主义市场经济基础制度市场秩序

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Audio-Text Multimodal Speech Recognition via Dual-Tower Architecture for Mandarin Air Traffic Control Communications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3215-3245页

作者： Shuting Ge Jin ren Yihua Shi Yujun Zhang Shunzhi Yang Jinfeng Yang School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan114051China Institute of Applied Artificial Intelligence of the Guangdong-hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen518055China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China Industrial Training Centre Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen518055China

In air traffic control communications (ATCC), misunderstandings between pilots and controllers could result in fatal aviation accidents. Fortunately, advanced automatic speech recognition technology has emerged as a promising means of preventing miscommunications and enhancing aviation safety. However, most existing speech recognition methods merely incorporate external language models on the decoder side, leading to insufficient semantic alignment between speech and text modalities during the encoding phase. Furthermore, it is challenging to model acoustic context dependencies over long distances due to the longer speech sequences than text, especially for the extended ATCC data. To address these issues, we propose a speech-text multimodal dual-tower architecture for speech recognition. It employs cross-modal interactions to achieve close semantic alignment during the encoding stage and strengthen its capabilities in modeling auditory long-distance context dependencies. In addition, a two-stage training strategy is elaborately devised to derive semantics-aware acoustic representations effectively. The first stage focuses on pre-training the speech-text multimodal encoding module to enhance inter-modal semantic alignment and aural long-distance context dependencies. The second stage fine-tunes the entire network to bridge the input modality variation gap between the training and inference phases and boost generalization performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed speech-text multimodal speech recognition method on the ATCC and AISHELL-1 datasets. It reduces the character error rate to 6.54% and 8.73%, respectively, and exhibits substantial performance gains of 28.76% and 23.82% compared with the best baseline model. The case studies indicate that the obtained semantics-aware acoustic representations aid in accurately recognizing terms with similar pronunciations but distinctive semantics. The research provides a novel modeling paradigm for semantics-aware speech recognition in

关键词： Speech-text multimodal automatic speech recognition semantic alignment air traffic control communications dual-tower architecture

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农村人居环境与经济协调发展的时空演化及障碍因素研究

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生态经济 2024年第7期40卷 184-195页

作者：陈弘任鑫湖南农业大学公共管理与法学学院湖南长沙410128

农村人居环境与经济协调发展是构筑宜居宜业和美乡村的关键问题。论文基于耦合协调度、空间自相关与障碍度等模型,分析2013—2021年我国省域农村人居环境与经济协调发展的时空演化规律及障碍因素。研究表明:(1)农村人居环境与经济发展... 详细信息

农村人居环境与经济协调发展是构筑宜居宜业和美乡村的关键问题。论文基于耦合协调度、空间自相关与障碍度等模型,分析2013—2021年我国省域农村人居环境与经济协调发展的时空演化规律及障碍因素。研究表明:(1)农村人居环境与经济发展水平整体呈同步上升的相对发展关系,但省域间差异明显。(2)农村人居环境与经济耦合协调发展在时序上呈现从“勉强协调”迈向“初级协调”的两阶段上升规律,且空间均衡格局逐渐显现,空间关联具有东部H-H集聚和西部L-L集聚特征。(3)农村人居环境与经济耦合协调发展的障碍度由高至低为:基础设施、居住条件、公共服务、经济规模、生态环境、生活水平、生产条件、产业结构,且不同农村地区的障碍因素具有各自的比较优劣势。应从人居环境与经济协调发展的要素长效投入、时空均衡联动与障碍度优劣比较方面精准施策。

关键词：农村人居环境农村经济耦合协调发展时空演化障碍因素

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异形加强冻结管外壁保温对管幕冻结效果影响试验研究

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隧道建设（中英文） 2024年第1期44卷 100-108页

作者：任辉洪泽群张军珠海市轨道交通有限公司广东珠海519060 中国矿业大学江苏徐州221116 中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司湖北武汉430056

新型管幕冻结法冻结系统由充填混凝土的实顶管内布置圆形主力冻结管和限位管、未充填混凝土的空顶管内布置异形加强冻结管组成。为分析该新型管幕冻结系统中空顶管周围的冻结效果,通过拱北隧道管幕冻结现场原型试验,对空顶管中异形加强... 详细信息

新型管幕冻结法冻结系统由充填混凝土的实顶管内布置圆形主力冻结管和限位管、未充填混凝土的空顶管内布置异形加强冻结管组成。为分析该新型管幕冻结系统中空顶管周围的冻结效果,通过拱北隧道管幕冻结现场原型试验,对空顶管中异形加强冻结管是否采取外表面保温措施展开研究,利用冻土帷幕厚度的变化对异形加强冻结管保温措施与不保温状态进行冻结效果对比分析。结果表明:异形加强冻结管保温不利于冻土帷幕的形成,随着冻结时间推移,冻土帷幕的发展会越来越慢;协同冻结模式下60 d后保温与不保温的冻土厚度之差约为冻结20 d的2倍。可以把空顶管作为“大冻结管”来考虑,利用异形加强冻结管对空顶管内部整体降温,更有利于顶管周围冻土帷幕的发展。

关键词：管幕冻结法异形加强冻结管冻结管保温现场试验拱北隧道

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TDF Promotes Glycolysis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction to Accelerate Lactate Accumulation by Downregulating PGC1α in Mice

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第4期11卷 998-1002页

作者： Yuxuan Luo Zhiwei Chen Zhao Li Aoran Luo Yi Zeng Min Chen Mingli Peng hong ren Peng Hu Department of Infectious Diseases Institute for Viral HepatitisThe Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious DiseasesChinese Ministry of EducationThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Internal Medicine(Cardiology) University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF),is a product of tenofovir and has been recommended for long-term use by guidelines1 because of its favorable efficacy in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.Hence,a better understanding of the safety profiles of long-term TDF use is extremely important.Lactic acidosis,as a rare but fatal adverse event of TDF,were reported both in HIV-infected patients,2-4 and in CHB patients.5-7 Hyperlactatemia occurred in 15.6%HIV-infected patients using TDF in a Cameroon cohort study8 and was 3%in another South Africa cohort study.9 Therefore,TDF increases the risk of abnormal serum lactate,but the mechanism is unclear.

关键词： PGC1α Down Africa

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Seabuckthorn juice alleviates allergic symptoms in shrimp-induced food allergy mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第3期12卷 783-788页

作者： hong ren Xiaofan Zhu Shiyu Zhai Xiaoping Feng Zhuomin Yan Jiao Sun Ye Liu Zhenpeng Gao Fangyu Long College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Department of Breast Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000China China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health(Beijing) Beijing Technology&Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Tropomyosin(TM)in shrimp is one of the predominant causes of food allergy around the world.In the present study,the effect of seabuckthorn juice against TM-induced shrimp allergy was investigated in BALB/c mice.Allergic symptoms,spleen index,intestinal section and diarrhea were measured in shrimp allergy mice.As the results,seabuckthorn juice suppressed the lesions in jejunum tissue,diarrhea and allergic symptoms in shrimp allergy mice.Seabuckthorn juice also reduced serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-α)as well as immunoglobulin E(IgE)and stimulated the secretion of interleukin-10(IL-10)in mice with shrimp allergy.Taken together,our findings suggest that increased IL-10 by seabuckthorn juice inhibits Th2 cytokine production to suppress shrimp allergic symptoms.Furthermore,seabuckthorn juice also regulates shrimp allergy by reducing jejunum lesions,inhibiting levels of TNF-αand IgE.

关键词： Shrimp Seabuckthorn juice Allergy BALB/c mouse model

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一种圆柱型车齿刀的安装模型及无干涉设计方法

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机械工程学报 2024年第5期60卷 352-361页

作者：贾康王浩任东旭洪军西安交通大学现代设计与转子轴承系统教育部重点实验室西安710054 西安交通大学机械工程学院西安710054

车齿加工由于其兼具滚齿的连续切削运动和插齿的端面切削模式,对于内齿结构和双联齿轮结构具有卓越的加工性能。相较于圆锥型车齿刀由于前刀面刃磨引发切削刃改变,圆柱形车齿刀可以确保刀具全生命周期内的无理论误差刃型,但是其零度后... 详细信息

车齿加工由于其兼具滚齿的连续切削运动和插齿的端面切削模式,对于内齿结构和双联齿轮结构具有卓越的加工性能。相较于圆锥型车齿刀由于前刀面刃磨引发切削刃改变,圆柱形车齿刀可以确保刀具全生命周期内的无理论误差刃型,但是其零度后角更易于造成加工过程中刀齿侧面与工件齿槽面的干涉。然而目前国际主流圆柱型车齿刀的安装模型都封装在计算机辅助制造(Computer aided manufacturing,CAM)系统中,限制了国内圆柱型车齿刀的设计开展与推广应用。因此,研究圆柱型车齿刀偏位安装模型形成无干涉设计对于打破国外技术垄断至关重要。针对通用的5轴车齿机配置,提出了一种圆柱型车齿刀的安装模型,并给出了从安装模型参数确定、切削刃求解和切削仿真、刀齿切削干涉判定的完整计算流程,进而形成圆柱型车齿刀的无干涉设计方法,最终通过针对内齿圈的设计和加工仿真验证了该方法的有效性。

关键词：车齿圆柱刀干涉检测偏位安装切削刃计算切削仿真

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