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Optimized nitrogen application for maximizing yield and minimizing nitrogen loss in film mulching spring maize production on the Loess Plateau,China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1671-1684页

作者： Qilong Song jie zhang Fangfang zhang Yufang Shen Shanchao Yue Shiqing Li State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwestA&FUniversityYangling712100China Life Science Department Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang 471934China

Excessive use of N fertilizers(driven by high-yield goals)and its consequent environmental problems are becoming increasingly acute in agricultural systems.A 2-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three N application methods(application of solid granular urea once(OF)or twice(TF),application of solid granular urea mixed with controlled-release urea once(MF),and six N rates(0,60,120,180,240,and 300 kg N ha^(-1))on maize yield,economic benefits,N use efficiency,and soil N balance in the maize(Zea mays L.)film mulching system on the Loess Plateau,*** grain yield and economic return of maize were significantly affected by the N rate and application *** with the OF treatment,the MF treatment not only increased the maize yield(increased by 9.0-16.7%)but also improved the economic return(increased by 10.9-25.8%).The agronomic N use efficiency(NAE),N partial factor productivity(NPFP)and recovery N efficiency(NRE)were significantly improved by 19.3-66.7,9.0-16.7 and 40.2-71.5%,respectively,compared with the OF *** economic optimal N rate(EONR)of the OF,TF,and MF was 145.6,147.2,and 144.9 kg ha^(-1) in 2019,and 206.4,186.4,and 146.0 kg ha^(-1) in 2020,*** apparent soil N loss at EONR of the OF,TF,and MF were 97.1-100.5,78.5-79.3,and 50.5-68.1 kg ha^(-1),*** results support MF as a one-time N application method for delivering high yields and economic benefits,with low N input requirements within film mulching spring maize system on the Loess Plateau.

关键词： maize yield N management economic optimal N rate Loess Plateau

Optimal Strategy for Aircraft Pursuit-evasion Games via Self-play Iteration

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第3期21卷 585-596页

作者： Xin Wang Qing-Lai Wei Tao Li jie zhang State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao999078China

In this paper,the pursuit-evasion game with state and control constraints is solved to achieve the Nash equilibrium of both the pursuer and the evader with an iterative self-play *** the condition where the Hamiltonian formed by means of Pontryagin’s maximum principle has the unique solution,it can be proven that the iterative control law converges to the Nash equilibrium ***,the strong nonlinearity of the ordinary differential equations formulated by Pontryagin’s maximum principle makes the control policy difficult to figured *** the system dynamics employed in this manuscript contains a high dimensional state vector with *** practical applications,such as the control of aircraft,the provided overload is ***,in this paper,we consider the optimal strategy of pursuit-evasion games with constant constraint on the control,while some state vectors are restricted by the function of the *** address the challenges,the optimal control problems are transformed into nonlinear programming problems through the direct collocation ***,two numerical cases of the aircraft pursuit-evasion scenario are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented method to obtain the optimal control of both the pursuer and the evader.

关键词： Differential games pursuit-evasion games nonlinear control optimal control Nash equilibrium solution

Formation and properties of a Zr-based amorphous coating by laser cladding

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1809-1814页

作者： Ning zhang Ying Liu Wei Yang Shu-jie Pang Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100191China

(Zr_(0.53)Al_(0.1)Ni_(0.05)Cu_(0.3)Ti_(0.02))_(99)Y_1(at%)coating with amorphous layer of about 180μm thick was prepared on a steel substrate by using laser cladding *** coating is compact and shows good metallurgical bonding with *** microstructure,microhardness and corrosion behavior along the depth from the coating surface to the substrate were *** is found that a gradient structure consisted of amorphous surface layer,amorphous-crystalline transitional layer and substrate is formed after the laser *** microhardness and corrosion behavior exhibit variation with the microstructural evolution at different depths from the coating *** microhardness and corrosion resistance in 3.5 wt%NaCl solution of the amorphous surface layer are comparable to those of the as-cast Zr-based BMG with the same composition,and higher than those of the steel substrate.

关键词： Laser cladding Amorphous coating Microstructure Hardness Corrosion resistance

Possible Habitats for NH_(3),NH_(2)D,H^(13)CN,HC^(15)N,SO,and C^(18)O in the Initial Conditions of High-mass Star Formation

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 237-252页

作者： Quan-Ling Cui Chuan-Peng zhang Jun-jie Wang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Science Qiqihar UniversityQiqihar 161006China Guizhou Radio Astronomical Observatory Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550000China

The initial condition of high-mass star formation is a complex area of study because of the high densities(n_(H_(2))>106cm^(-3))and low temperatures(T_(dust)<18 K)*** such conditions,many molecules become depleted fro... 详细信息

The initial condition of high-mass star formation is a complex area of study because of the high densities(n_(H_(2))>106cm^(-3))and low temperatures(T_(dust)18 K)*** such conditions,many molecules become depleted from the gas phase by freezing out onto dust ***,the N-bearing and deuterated species could remain gaseous under these extreme conditions,suggesting that they may serve as ideal *** this paper,using the Plateau de Bure Interferometer and Very Large Array observations at 1.3 mm,3.5 mm,and 1.3 cm,we investigate the possible habitats for NH_(3),NH_(2)D,H^(13)CN,HC^(15)N,SO,and C^(18)O in eight massive precluster and protocluster clumps G18.17,G18.21,G23.97N,G23.98,G23.44,G23.97S,G25.38,and *** found that the NH3cores are in good agreement with the 3.5 mm peak emission,but the NH_(3)is much more extended than the 3.5 mm emission *** SO distributions agree well with the 3.5 mm peaks for the evolved star formation stage,but we did not detect any SO emission in the four earliest star formation sources.C^(18)O is a poor tracer in conditions of the cold(■18 K)and dense(■10^(4)cm^(-3))cores,e.g.,the prestellar *** also found that the NH_(2)D cores are mainly located in the temperature range of 13.0-20.0 K,and the NH_(2)D lines may be strongly depleted above 20 K.

关键词： galaxies:star formation techniques:interferometric methods:observational

Multiwavelength Observations of the Infrared Dust Bubble N75 and its Surroundings

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 262-270页

Infrared dust bubbles play an important role in the study of star formation and the evolution of the interstellar *** this work,we study the infrared dust bubble N75 and the infrared dark cloud G38.93 mainly using the tracers C^(18)O,HCO^(+),HNC and N_(2)H^(+)observed by the 30 m IRAM *** also study the targets using data from large-scale surveys:GLIMPSE,MIPSGAL,GRS,NRAO VLA Sky Survey and Bolocam Galactic Plane *** found that the C^(18)O emission is morphologically similar to the Spitzer IRAC 8.0μm ***1.1 mm cold dust emission of G38.93 shows an elongated structure from southwest to *** ionized gas from G38.93 is surrounded by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission,which may be excited by radiation from *** found that the identified young stellar objects tend to cluster around G38.93 and are mostly in class II with several class I cases distributed around N75,but no class II *** also found evidence of expanding feedback,which could have triggered star formation.

关键词： ISM:bubbles infrared:ISM galaxies:star formation

High-stable and High-capacity Sn/SnO_(2)@C as Anode of Lithium-ion Batteries

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第4期39卷 805-813页

作者：徐天星 WU jie 李亚娟肖宏 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro&Nano Materials Interface Science Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan Times New Energy Technology Co. LtdLuxi 416100China

We synthesized size-controllable nanoparticles with homogeneous distribution of carbon and Sn/SnO_(2)by a solvothermal *** effects of different carbon content and hydrothermal time on the composition,morphology and electrochemical properties of the materials were *** with bulk materials,nanoparticles materials not only have high specific surface area,but also can provide abundant reaction sites,thus enhancing the electrochemical activity of electrode *** importantly,the optimized microspheres Sn/8C-24 delivers a superior electrochemical performance,achieving a specific discharge capacity of 700.4 mAh·g^(-1)after 150 cycles at 0.5 A·g^(-1),and the Coulomb efficiency reaches 98.65%,which is promising for anode of LIBs.

关键词： Sn anode nanoparticles hydrothermal method

Identification of clinical subphenotypes of sepsis after laparoscopic surgery

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 16-26页

作者： jie Yang Bo zhang Chaomin Hu Xiaocong Jiang Pengfei Shui Jiajie Huang Yucai hong hongying Ni Zhongheng zhang Department of Emergency Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310016China Department of Emergency Medicine Huzhou Central HospitalHuzhou 313000China Department of Critical Care Medicine Affiliated Jinhua HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineJinhua 321000China

Objective:Some patients exhibit septic symptoms following laparoscopic surgery,leading to a poor *** clinical subphenotyping is critical for guiding tailored therapeutic strategies in these *** identifying predisposing factors for postoperative sepsis,clinicians can implement targeted interventions,potentially improving *** study outlines a workflow for the subphenotype methodology in the context of laparoscopic surgery,along with its practical ***:This study utilized data routinely available in clinical case systems,enhancing the applicability of our *** data included vital signs,such as respiratory rate,and laboratory measures,such as blood sodium *** process of categorizing clinical routine data involved technical complexities.A correlation heatmap was used to visually depict the relationships between *** points were used to identify the clustering structure and combined with Consensus K clustering methods to determine the optimal ***:Our study highlighted the intricacies of identifying clinical subphenotypes following laparoscopic surgery,and could thus serve as a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers seeking to explore disease heterogeneity in clinical *** simplifying complex methodologies,we aimed to bridge the gap between technical expertise and clinical application,fostering an environment where professional medical knowledge is effectively utilized in subphenotyping ***:This tutorial could primarily serve as a guide for beginners.A variety of clustering approaches were explored,and each step in the process contributed to a comprehensive understanding of clinical subphenotypes.

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Phenotype Precision medicine Sepsis

Preparation,characterization and antioxidant activity analysis of three Maillard glycosylated bone collagen hydrolysates from chicken,porcine and bovine

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2002-2013页

作者： Liwei Qi hongru zhang Yujie Guo hong Liu Chunhui zhang Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio TechPassage des déportés 2Gembloux B-5030Belgium

Bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides)derived from byproduct of animal product processing have been used to produce commercially valuable products due to their potential antioxidant *** glycosylated reaction is considered as a promising method to enhance the antioxidant activity of ***,this research aims at investigating the Maillard glycosylation activity and antioxidant activity of bone collagen hydrolysates from different *** this study,3 glycosylated bone collagen hydrolysates were prepared and characterized,and cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity were analyzed and *** free amino groups loss,browning intensity,and fluorescence intensity of G-Cbcp(glycosylated chicken bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides))were the heaviest,followed by G-Pbcp(glycosylated porcine bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides))and G-Bbcp(glycosylated bovine bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides)).The results of amino acid analysis showed that amino acid composition of different bone collagen hydrolysates was significantly different and the amino acid decreased to different degrees after Maillard glycosylated reaction,which may lead to differences in Maillard glycosylated reaction ***,the 3 glycosylated hydrolysates showed no significant *** results showed that glycosylation process significantly increased the antioxidant activity of bone collagen hydrolysates,and G-Cbcp showed the strongest antioxidant activity,followed by G-Pbcp and ***,compared with the bone collagen hydrolysates,3 glycosylated hydrolysates showed significant characteristic and structural changes,and higher antioxidant activity.

关键词： Bone collagen hydrolysates Glycosylation reaction Antioxidant activity

Photocatalytic in situ H_(2)O_(2) production and activation for enhanced ciprofloxacin degradation over CeO_(2)-Co_(3)O_(4)/g-C_(3)N_(4):key role of CeO_(2)

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2695-2707页

作者： hong-jie Zhu Yi-Kai Yang Ming-Hui Li Lu-Ning Zou Hai-Tao Zhao Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engin College of Ecology and Environment Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu241002China Liaocheng YiLu Advanced Materials Co. LtdLiaocheng 252000China

The abused ciprofloxacin antibiotics have caused significant environmental *** oxidative degradation of ciprofloxacin exhibits promising efficacy,it often entails excessive energy ***,it is necessary to explore an effective and ecologically sustainable degradation ***,we demonstrated that g-C_(3)N_(4) decorated with the coordinated CeO_(2)and Co_(3)O_(4)(CeO_(2)-Co_(3)O_(4)/CN)exhibited effective ciprofloxacin photodegradation via in situ H_(2)O_(2) production and activation *** indicate that the introduced CeO_(2) enhances the transference of photogenerated electrons to O_(2) by adjusting the oxygen vacancy of photocatalyst,thereby increasing the generation of superoxide radicals,which in turn generate H_(2)O_(2),resulting in a 22.4-fold increase in H_(2)O_(2) generation over g-C_(3)N_(4).Moreover,the in situ H_(2)O_(2)generation facilitated by CeO_(2) is confirmed to be essential for ciprofloxacin degradation via CeO_(2)-Co_(3)O_(4)/CN,as it provides enough oxidant for Co_(3)O_(4) to activate into hydroxyl radicals for the pollutants ***,CeO_(2)-Co_(3)O_(4)/CN achieves a ciprofloxacin degradation ratio of 97.7%within 80 *** study introduces a novel approach that combines H_(2)O_(2) generation and activation,offering an innovative perspective for achieving clean and efficient purification of antibiotic-contaminated water.

关键词： CeO_(2) In situ H_(2)O_(2)generation Ciprofloxacin degradation Photocatalyst