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Synthesis of 3-Methylbutanal by Strecker Reaction at Unelevated Temperature and in Acidic Systems

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2006年第8期17卷 1041-1044页

作者： hong Xia bi Chang Wei MA College of Food Science ＆ Nutrition Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083

3-Methylbutanal was obtained by the Strecker reaction with L-leucine and D-ribose at unelevated temperature and acidic conditions. Volatile compounds from reaction systems were analyzed by solid phase microextration （SPME） coupledwith gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy （GC-MS）. The formation mechanism of 3-methylbutanal was also proposed. Various reaction conditions were investigated, including reaction time, reaction temperature, pH value and salt content of the system.

关键词： 3-Methylbutanal Strecker reaction dry cured ham.

Nanocarbon-based electrode materials applied for supercapacitors

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Rare Metals 2022年第12期41卷 3957-3975页

作者： Yu-Xiang Yang Kang-Kang Ge Sajid ur Rehman hong bi School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China CIRIMAT UMR CNRS 5085UniversitéPaul Sabatier ToulouseⅢToulouse 31062France CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical biology Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

As one of the promising energy storage and conversion systems,supercapacitors(SCs)are highly favored owing to their high power density and good service *** all the key components of supercapacitor devices,the design and investigation of electrode materials play an essential role in determining the whole electrochemical charge storage ***,nanocarbon-based materials(e.g.,graphene,carbon dots,graphene quantum dots,etc.)have been widely used as SC electrode materials because of their good physical structure and chemical properties,providing a new route to further improve the energy density and life span of ***,we review the latest progress of nanocarbon-based materials(including nanocarbon and nanocarbon-based composite materials)as electrode materials in SCs *** recent progress of carbon dots,graphene,carbon nanotubes,and other nanocarbon materials electrodes is summarized,while the capacitance and energy density of the above nanocarbon electrodes still need to be ***,the preparation and performance of nanocarbonbased composite electrodes comprising transition metal oxides,conductive polymer,and metal-organic framework derived porous carbon are ***,we outline major challenges and propose some ideas on building better nanocarbon-based SC electrodes.

关键词： Supercapacitor(SC) Nanocarbon Electrode materials Carbon dots Nanocarbon-based composite

Uncertainty Study of B_d(B_s)→γv Decays

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2009年第7期52卷 99-102页

作者： HOU Zhao-Yu hong bi-Hai Department of Mathematics and Physics Shijiazhuang Railway Institute Shijiazhuang 050043 China Department of Physics Lishui University Lishui 323000 China

B^0(B+s)→γvv decays are useful to determining the decay constants f_B(f_B_s) and B(B_s) meson *** the B meson wave function determined in hadronic B(Bs) decays,we study the uncertainties due tothe types of B meson wave *** find that the branching ratios are sensitive to the type of wave functions andinput parameters,but the energy spectrum is *** predicted branching ratios are (0.45-1.04) ×10^(-9) and(2.14-3.27) × 10^(-8) for B^0 and B_s decay,respectively.

关键词： B decay wave function branching ratio

High-temperature fatigue behavior of 15CrNbTi ferritic stainless steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2019年第3期26卷 285-291页

作者： Tian-long Liu Li-jia Chen hong-yun bi Xin Che School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of Tech no logy Shenyang 110870 Liaoning. China Baosteel Central Research Institute Baosteel Co..Ltd.Shanghai 201900China

In order to investigate the high-temperature fatigue and fatigue-creep behavior of 15CrNbTi ferritic stainless steel at 800°C,fatigue tests without holding time in laboratory air and with 10 s holding time induced at maximum cyclic stress under argon atmosphere were conducted on an electrohydraulic servo fatigue testing *** addition,the morphologies of fatigue fracture surfaces were observed,and the precipitates and dislocation substructures were *** experimental results show that the fatigue limit of 15CrNbTi ferritic stainless steel is 30 MPa at 800°*** fatigue life of the experimental steel obviously decreases if holding time of 10 s is introduced at maximum cyclic *** two test conditions,the fatigue cracks transgranularly initiate at the free surface of fatigue specimens and then propagate in a transgranular *** is dem on strated that three kinds of precipitates inclu ding(Nb,Ti)C phase,Fe2Nb phase and Fe3Nb3C phase can be observed in 15CrNbTi ferritic stainless steel,and the Fe2Nb and Fe3Nb3C phases are mainly precipitated during the fatigue *** the fatigue deformation area,both dislocation tangles and dislocation arrays are ***,the sub-grains which form during the cycling deformation with holding time of 10 s are also ***,the formation of sub-grains leads to the deterioration of the fatigue life of 15CrNbTi steel.

关键词： Ferritic stainless steel-High-temperature fatigue Holding time Fatigue fracture Precipitate Dislocation substructure

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted gene mutagenesis in Spodoptera litura

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Insect Science 2016年第3期23卷 469-477页

作者： hong-Lun bi Jun XU An-Jiang Tan Yong-Ping Huang College of Life Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionarybiology Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences ShanghaiChina

Custom-designed nuclease technologies such as the clustered regularly in- terspaced short palindromic repeat （CRISPR）-associated （Cas） system provide attractive genome editing tools for insect functional genetics. The targeted gene mutagenesis me- diated by the CR1SPR/Cas9 system has been achieved in several insect orders including Diptera, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. However, little success has been reported in agricul- tural pests due to the lack of genomic information and embryonic microinjection techniques in these insect species. Here we report that the CRISPR/Cas9 system induced efficient gene mutagenesis in an important Lepidopteran pest Spodoptera litura. We targeted the S. litura Abdominal-A （Slabd-A） gene which is an important embryonic development gene and plays a significant role in determining the identities of the abdominal segments of in- sects. Direct injection of Cas9 messenger RNA and Slabd-A-specific single guide RNA （sgRNA） into S. litura embryos successfully induced the typical abd-A deficient pheno- type, which shows anomalous segmentation and ectopic pigmentation during the larval stage. A polymerase chain reaction-based analysis revealed that the Cas9/sgRNA complex effectively induced a targeted mutagenesis in S. litura. These results demonstrate that the CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful tool for genome manipulation in Lepidopteran pests such as S. litura.

关键词： abdominal-A gene CRISPR/Cas9 system genome editing microinjection Spodoptera litura

Nontrivial standing wave state in frequency- weighted Kuramoto model

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Frontiers of physics 2017年第3期12卷 167-173页

作者： hong-Jie bi Van Li Li Zhou Shu-Guang Guan Department of Physics East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China Nantong Middle School 9 Zhongxuetang Road Nantong 226001 China No. 4 Middle School Affiliated to ECNU 279 Luding Road Shanghai 200062 China

Synchronization in a frequency-weighted Kuramoto model with a uniform frequency distribution is studied. We plot the bifurcation diagram and identify the asymptotic coherent states. Numerical simulations show that the system undergoes two first-order transitions in both the forward and back- ward directions. Apart from the trivial phase-locked state, a novel nonstationary coherent state, i.e., a nontrivial standing wave state is observed and characterized. In this state, oscillators inside the coherent clusters are not frequency-locked as they would be in the usual standing wave state. Instead, their average frequencies are locked to a constant. The critical coupling strength from the incoherent state to the nontrivial standing wave state can be obtained by performing linear stability analysis. The theoretical results are supported by the numerical simulations.

关键词： synchronization Kuramoto model nonstationary

Microwave awakening the n-π^(*) electronic transition in highly crystalline polymeric carbon nitride nanosheets for photocatalytic hydrogen generation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第2期31卷 541-547页

作者： Xiangang Lin Haiwei Du Daochuan Jiang Peng Zhang Zhiwu Yu hong bi Yupeng Yuan School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized MaterialsAnhui UniversityHefei 230601AnhuiChina Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials(Anhui University) Ministry of EducationHefei 230601AnhuiChina High Magnetic Field Laboratory CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical BiologyHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031AnhuiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina

The n-π^(*) electronic transition in polymeric carbon nitride(PCN)can remarkably harvest visible light,which thus potentially promotes the photocatalytic hydrogen H2 ***,awaking the n-π^(*) lectronic transition has proven to be a grand ***,we reported on the awakening of n-π^(*) electronic transition by microwave thermolysis of urea pellet,which yielded the PCN with absorption edge of 600 nm,near 140 nm red-shift from 460 nm of pristine *** n-π^(*) electronic transition endows PCN with an increased photocata lytic H_(2) generation,with a highest H_(2) rate of 61.7μmol h^(-1) under visible light exposure,which is near 6 times higher than that by using the PCN from the thermolysis of urea pellets in an electric furnace(10.6μmol h^(-1)).Furthermore,the n-π^(*) transition in PCN leads to the longest wavelength of 535 nm that can initiate H2 generation,remarkably longer than the absorption edge of pristine PCN(460 nm).This work manifests the advantages of microwave sintering route to awaken the n-π^(*) electronic transition in PCN for an increased photocata lytic performance.

关键词： Polymeric carbon nitride Microwave n-π^(*)electronic transition Hydrogen

Increasingπ-electron availability in benzene ring incorporated graphitic carbon nitride for increased photocatalytic hydrogen generation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第6期65卷 164-170页

作者： Xiangang Lin Xiaojuan Hou Lixia Cui Shiqiang Zhao hong bi Haiwei Du Yupeng Yuan School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized MaterialsAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Acupuncture and Tuina College Anhui University of Chinese Medicinehefei 230012china College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials(Anhui University) Ministry of EducationHefei 230601China Energy Materials and Devices Key Lab of Anhui Province for Photoelectric Conversion Hefei 230601China

Increasing the availability ofπ-electron in graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))can reduce the band gap and thus enhance the photocatalytic hydrogen(H_(2))generation activity upon exposure to visible light,However,such strategy has not yet been largely applied to increase the H_(2)generation of g-C_(3)N_(4).Herein,we succes s fully increased the amount ofπ-electron in g-C_(3)N_(4)by incorporatingπ-electron-rich benzene rings through copolymerization of melamine and trimesic acid in *** incorporation of benzene rings not only extends the light absorption of g-C_(3)N_(4)to 650 nm,but also improves the electrical conductivity due to delocalization ofπelectrons in benzene *** a result,a 3.4 times enhancement of photocatalytic H_(2)generation was achieved from the g-C_(3)N_(4)with benzene ring incorporation in comparing with that of pristine g-C_(3)N_(4).More interestingly,H_(2)generation still occurs under irradiation of the light ofλ≥490 nm,above the absorption edge of pristine g-C_(3)N_(4)(~460 nm),illustrating the positive effectiveness of incorporated benzene rings on enhancing the H_(2)generation capacity of g-C_(3)N_(4).The present work manifests the advantages of increasingπ-conjugated electrons on designing highly active g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalysts.

关键词： Photocatalysis Hydrogen g-C_(3)N_(4) π-Electron Benzene ring

Modeling of strain-inducedγ→α′phase transformation for 201Cu metastable austenitic stainless steel and its verification in rolling processes

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第9期31卷 2248-2254页

作者： Li-xia Xu Long-hui Zhou hong-yun bi E Chang Feng-li Sui School of Innovation Education and School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan243032AnhuiChina State Key Laboratory of Development and Application Technology of Automotive Steels(Baowu Steel Group) Shanghai201900China

To model the strain-inducedγ→α′phase transformation for the Cr-Mn metastable austenitic stainless steel,the 201Cu steel was chosen as the analytical material and the cylindrical samples of this steel with size ofϕ5 mm×10 mm were compressed at strains of 0.2–0.6 in the temperature range of 25–150℃ and in the strain rate range of 0.1–5.0 s^(−1).The flaky samples were prepared by wire cutting from the cylindrical samples and the volume fraction of the strain-inducedα′phase was detected in the test point of the flaky *** volume fraction changing with the process parameters was modeled,and the critical temperatures and the critical strains to preventγ→α′phase transformation were calculated as other different process parameters *** linear fitting goodness of the model between the calculated volume fraction values and the tested ones is 0.986 and the validity of the model was verified by application in cold and warm rolling experiments.

关键词： Modeling Volume fraction Strain-inducedα′phase 201Cu steel Cylindrical compression experiment