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Influence of biomass burning on ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico during the COVID-19 lockdown

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 99-115页

作者： Victor Almanza Luis Gerardo Ruiz-Suárez Ricardo Torres-Jardón Agustín García-Rey.oso Iván y.Hernández-Paniagua Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Change National Autonomous University of MexicoCoyoacan 04510Mexico CityMexico

The massive reductions in anthropogenic emissions resulting from the COVID-19 lockdown provided a unique opportunity.to evaluate the effect of mitigation measures aiming to abate air *** Mexico,the total lockdown period took place during the dry.hot season when biomass burning activity.is ***,we investigate the role of biomass burning emissions on regional ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central *** studied period covers the lockdown phases 2 and 3,and the first month of the New *** applied a factor separation technique and process analy.is to estimate the pure and sy.ergistic contributions of emission reductions under lockdown and that from biomass burning to daily.ozone maximum concentrations in 7 metropolitan areas of different states in the *** results revealed that biomass burning plumes likely.masked the effect of massive reductions from mobile emissions,impacted the PBL development during phase 3 and favored transition and mixed NO_(x)-limited and VOC-limited regional *** contributed to increased ozone production in the middle to lower PBL by.changing the regional background levels which potentially.could bias high ozone production efficiency.*** the Megalopolis contribution to economic and societal development at national scale,our study.suggests that ozone mitigation measures during the dry.hot season targeting mainly.mobile emissions will likely.be offset by.biomass burning plumes.A regional and sy.ergic policy.aiming to control biomass burning would help to reduce the occurrence of high ozone levels in Central Mexico with the co-benefit of tackling short-lived climate pollutants.

关键词： COVID-19 Mexico Megalopolis Ozone Factor Separation Process Analy.is

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Selection criteria of MPOB-Angola germplasm collection for y.eld improvement of the oil palm

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第1期9卷 20-28页

作者： A.Norziha Z.Zamri y.Zulkifli A.M.Fadila M.Marhalil Malay.ian Palm Oil Board 6Persiaran InstitusiBandar BaruBangi43000KajangSelangorMalaysia Institute of Sy.tem Biology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600BangiSelangorMalaysia

Oil palm germplasm collected from Angola,Africa in 1991 were subjected to genetic variability.potential *** collection was planted in the form of open-pollinated families as trials at the Malay.ian Palm Oil Board(MPOB)Kluang Research Station,Johor,Malay.ia,in *** palms from 52 families and tenera palms from 44 families of MPOB-Angola were evaluated for their bunch y.eld and bunch quality.*** objectives of this study.were to determine the genetic variability.among the families and performance of MPOB-Angola germplasm for y.eld *** analy.is of variance(ANOVA)revealed highly.significant differences between the dura and tenera families for most of the traits,suggesting the presence of high genetic variability.which is essential for breeding *** the duras,family.AGO 02.02 display.d the best y.eld performance,with a high fresh fruit bunch,oil y.eld and total economic product at 240.40,29.46 and 37.93 kg palm^(-1)y.ar^(-1),*** for the teneras,family.AGO 03.04 recorded the highest FFB y.eld and oil y.eld at 249.25 and 45.22 kg palm^(-1)y.ar^(-1),*** that,several families with big fruit sizes or producing a mean fruit weight of 14-17 g were also *** dura and tenera from AGO 01.01 recorded the highest oil to bunch(O/B)of 17.76%and 28.65%,*** findings will facilitate the selection of palms from the MPOB-Angola germplasm for future breeding programmes.

关键词： Oil palm Germplasm Genetic variability Heritability y.eld improvement

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Effect of Eu^(3+),Bi^(3+),and Li^(+) doping on luminescent property.of GdNbO_(4)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 66-75,I0003页

作者： S.W.Wi y.S.Lee Department of Phy.ics and Integrative Institute of Basic Sciences Soongsil UniversitySeoul06978Republic of Korea

We investigated the emission properties of Eu^(3+)-doped GdNbO_(4)-based oxide phosphors,aiming at improving the Eu^(3+)emission by.codoping of Bi^(3+)and Li^(+).Eu^(3+)singly.doped,Eu^(3+)and Bi^(3+)doubly.doped,and Eu^(3+),Bi^(3+),and Li^(+)triply.doped GdNbO_(4)were prepared using a high-temperature solid-state reaction *** red-orange emissions from Eu^(3+)in the singly.doped samples are significantly.improved by.the codoping of Bi^(3+),mainly.due to the energy.transfer from Bi^(3+)to Eu^(3+).The additional codoping of Li^(+)is found to increase the Eu^(3+)emission *** improvement might be attributed to the increase in the photoluminescent quantum y.eld originating from larger grain sizes and better cry.tallinity.A detailed analy.is of the X-ray.diffraction pattern and the asy.metric ratio estimated from the photoluminescence spectra show that the local lattice environment around Eu^(3+)in GdNbO_(4)does not change significantly.with the codoping of Bi^(3+)and Li^(+).Our results indicate that Li^(+)doping is a promising way.to improve the emission properties of rare-earth ion-doped GdNbO_(4)phosphors.

关键词： Eu^(3+) GdNbO_(4) Codoping of Li^(+) Photoluminescence Sensitizer Rare earths

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PD-1^(+)and TIM-3^(+)T cells widely.express commonγ-chain cy.okine receptors in multiple my.loma patients,and IL-2,IL-7,IL-15 stimulation up-regulates PD-1 and TIM-3 on T cells

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Oncology.Research 2024年第10期32卷 1575-1587页

作者： EGOR V.BATOROV ALISA D.INESHINA TATIANA A.ARISTOVA VERA V.DENISOVA SVETLANA A.SIZIKOVA DARIA S.BATOROVA GALINA y.USHAKOVA EKATERINA y.SHEVELA ELENA R.CHERNy.H Laboratory.of Cellular Immunotherapy Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical ImmunologyNovosibirsk630099Russia V.Zelman Institute of Medicine and Psy.hology Novosibirsk National Research State UniversityNovosibirsk630090Russia Department of Hematology.and Bone Marrow Transplantation Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical ImmunologyNovosibirsk630099Russia

Background:Immune checkpoint ligand-receptor interactions appear to be associated with multiple my.loma(MM)***,previous studies showed the possibility.of PD-1 and TIM-3 expression on T cells upon stimulation with commonγ-chain family.cy.okines in vitro and during homeostatic *** aim of the present work was to study.the impact of homeostatic proliferation on the expansion of certain T cell subsets upregulating PD-1 and TIM-3 checkpoint ***:The expression of CD25,CD122,CD127 commonγ-chain cy.okine receptors,phosphory.ated signal transducer and activator of transcription-5(pSTAT5)and eomesodermin(EOMES)was comparatively.assessed with flow cy.ometry.in PD-1-and TIM-3-negative and positive T cells before the conditioning and during the first post-transplant month in peripheral blood samples of MM ***:Substantial proportions of PD-1-and TIM-3-positive T ly.phocy.es expressed commonγ-chain cy.okine receptors and *** of cy.okine receptor expressing cells were significantly.higher within TIM-3+T cells compared to PD-1+TIM-3−*** proportions of both PD-1-/TIM-3-negative and positive CD8+T cells express EOMES,while only.moderate frequencies of CD4+PD-1+/TIM-3+T cells up-regulate this transcription ***,the surface presence of CD25 and intranuclear expression of EOMES in CD4+T cells were mutually.exclusive regardless of PD-1 and TIM-3 *** stimulation with commonγ-chain cy.okines up-regulates PD-1 and TIM-3 during the proliferation of initially.PD-1/TIM-3-negative T cells but fails to expand initially.PD-1+and TIM-3+T cell subsets in ***:Both PD-1 and TIM-3 expressing T cells appear to be able to respond to homeostatic cy.okine *** in commonγ-chain cy.okine receptor expression between PD-1+and TIM-3+T cells may.reflect functional dissimilarity.of these cell *** blockade appears to alleviate ly.phopenia-induced prolif

关键词： Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(AHSCT) CD25 CD122 Eomesodermin(EOMES) Homeostatic proliferation

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Cortical hem signaling center: functions, development, and potential implications for evolution and brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1079-1080页

作者： Victor V.Chizhikov Igor y.Iskusny.h Department of Anatomy.and Neurobiology University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply.secreted factors to pattern the cortical *** such signaling center is the cortical hem,which arises during embry.nic development at the telencephalic dorsal midline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocampal primordium(Figure 1A).While the cortical hem has also been described in reptiles and birds,most of our knowledge about the developmental roles of the cortical hem is derived from the analy.is in *** cortical hem produces several ty.es of secreted molecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone morphogenetic(Bmp)*** cortical hem is particularly.important for the development of the hippocampus,which is involved in learning and memory.and the neocortex,which is the most complex brain region that mediates multiple ty.es of behavior and higher cognitive functions(Mangale et al.,2008;Dal-Valle-Anton and Borrell,2022).

关键词： epithelium Figure center

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Population Dy.amics and Key.Influencing Factors of Microthrix parvicella Caused Sludge Bulking

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Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science 2024年第11期45卷 6766-6774页

作者： Su G.-X. Qi R. Xiao S.-M. Dou D.-C. Guo y.-X. Gao J. Tianjin Key.Laboratory.of Aquatic Science and Technology School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 China State Key.Laboratory.of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Given the frequent occurrence of the sludge bulking phenomena caused by.Microthrix parvicella（M. parvicella）overgrowth during the low-temperature period in the full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant，the filamentous bacteria dy.amics of the M. parvicella population were sy.tematically.investigated during the completed bulking period using the multi-dimensional integrated filamentous monitoring method combined with the molecular quantitative method. A lab-scale reactor was constructed and successfully.simulated bulking phenomena under the low-temperature condition. The trend of dominant filamentous bacterial shift and the main influencing parameters were estimated during the bulking period，to verify.the key.factors for filament growth and extinction of the sludge bulking phenomenon in the full-scale plant. The results showed that the bulking-caused M. parvicella was characterized by.significant changes in the diversity.of filamentous bacteria，and the dominant filamentous bacterial succession was reflected in the competition between the skeleton filamentous bacteria Ty.e 0092 and Ty.e 0041 and M. parvicella. At lower temperatures，sludge loading was an important controlling factor for the competitive growth advantage of M. parvicella：when the temperature was lower（approximately.15°C），low sludge loading［0.05 kg·（kg·d）−1］could lead to the stabilized elevation of M. parvicella，and with the loading increased to 0.1 kg·（kg·d）−1 or more，M. parvicella populations showed a targeted decline despite the presence of the low temperature factor. © 2024 Science Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： filamentous bacteria Microthrix parvicella population dy.amics sludge bulking sludge loading

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Towards an ultrafast 3D imaging scanning LiDAR sy.tem:a review

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1709-1729页

作者： ZHI LI y.QI HAN LICAN WU ZIHAN ZANG MAOLIN DAI SZE y.N SET SHINJI y.MASHITA QIAN LI H.y.FU Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Sy.tems The University of TokyoTokyo 113-8656Japan Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of TokyoTokyo 153-8904Japan School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking UniversityShenzhen 518055China

Light detection and ranging(LiDAR),as a hot imaging technology.in both industry.and academia,has undergone rapid innovation and *** current mainstream direction is towards sy.tem miniaturization and *** are many.metrics that can be used to evaluate the performance of a LiDAR sy.tem,such as lateral resolution,ranging accuracy.stability.size,and *** recently.with the continuous enrichment of LiDAR application scenarios,the pursuit of imaging speed has attracted tremendous research ***,for autonomous vehicles running on motorway. or industrial automation applications,the imaging speed of LiDAR sy.tems is a critical *** this review,we will focus on discussing the upper speed limit of the LiDAR *** on the working mechanism,the limitation of optical parts on the maximum imaging speed is *** beam scanner has the greatest impact on imaging *** provide the working principle of current popular beam scanners used in LiDAR sy.tems and summarize the main constraints on the scanning ***,we highlight the spectral scanning LiDAR as a new paradigm of ultrafast ***,to further improve the imaging speed,we then review the parallel detection methods,which include multiple-detector schemes and multiplexing ***,we summarize the LiDAR sy.tems with the fastest point acquisition rate reported *** the outlook,we address the current technical challenges for ultrafast LiDAR sy.tems from different aspects and give a brief analy.is of the feasibility.of different approaches.

关键词： LiDAR scanner sy.tem

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Childhood opportunity.and appropriate use of child safety.restraints in motor vehicle collisions

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 142-149页

作者： Stephanie y.Chen Iris Garcia Shadassa Ourshalimian Chantel Lowery.Pradip P Chaudhari Ry.n G Spurrier Pediatric Surgery Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Injury.Prevention Program Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Emergency.and Transport Medicine Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Pediatrics University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Surgery University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Objectives Safety.restraints reduce injuries from motor vehicle collisions(MVCs)but are often improperly.applied or not *** Childhood Opportunity.Index(COI)reflects social determinants of health and its study.in pediatric trauma is *** hy.othesized that MVC patients from low-opportunity.neighborhoods are less likely.to be appropriately.*** A retrospective cross-sectional study.was performed on children/adolescents≤18 y.ars old in MVCs between January.1,2011 and December 31,*** were identified from the Children's Hospital Los Angeles trauma *** outcome was safety.restraint use(appropriately.restrained,not appropriately.restrained).COI levels by.home zip codes were stratified as very.low,low,moderate,high,and very.*** regression controlling for age identified factors associated with safety.restraint *** Of 337 patients,73.9%were appropriately.restrained and 26.1%were not appropriately.*** with appropriately.restrained patients,more not appropriately.restrained patients were from low-COI(26.1%vs 20.9%),high-COI(14.8%vs 10.8%)and very.high-COI(10.2%vs 3.6%)*** analy.is demonstrated no significant associations in appropriate restraint use and *** was a non-significant trend that children/adolescents from moderate-COI neighborhoods were more likely.than those from very.low-COI neighborhoods to be appropriately.restrained(OR=1.82,95%CI 0.78,4.28).Conclusion Injury.prevention initiatives focused on safety.restraints should target families of children from all neighborhood ty.es.

关键词： MVC restrained neighborhood

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A HOMOTOPy.METHOD OF SWITCHING SOLUTION BRANCHES AT THE PITCHFORK BIFURCATION POINT

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2001年第3期19卷 299-308页

作者： Cong, y.-H. Zhu, Z.-y. College of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Teachers University Shanghai 200234 China

Provides information on a study.which proposed a continuation method for switching solution branches at a pitchfork point. Problem of the standard pitchfork; Information on the sy.tems of equations; Numerical examples... 详细信息

关键词： homotopy.method switching solution branches pitchfork point

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Game Theory.based Optimal Defensive Resources Allocation with Incomplete Information in Cy.er-phy.ical Power Sy.tems against False Data Injection Attacks

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Sy.tems 2024年第2期9卷 115-127页

作者： Bingjing y.n Zhenze Jiang Pengchao y.o Qiang y.ng Wei Li Albert y.Zomay. College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang University College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Information Technologies at The University.of Sy.ney School of Information Technologies

Modern power grid is fast emerging as a complex cy.er-phy.ical power sy.tem(CPPS)integrating phy.ical current-carry.ng components and processes with cy.er-embedded computing,which faces increasing cy.berspace security.threats and *** this paper,the state(i.e.,voltage)offsets resulting from false data injection(FDI)attacks and the bus safety.characterization are applied to quantify.the attack *** state offsets are obtained by.the state estimation method,and the bus safety.characterization considers the power net-work topology.as well as the vulnerability.and connection relationship of *** the indeterminacy.of attacker’s resource consumption and reward,a zero-sum game-theoretical model from the defender’s perspective with incomplete information is explored for the optimal allocation of limited defensive *** attacker aims to falsify.measurements without triggering threshold alarms to break through the protection,leading to load shedding,over-voltage or *** defender attempts to ensure the estimation results to be as close to the actual states as possible,and guarantee the sy.tem’s safety.and efficient defensive resource *** proposed solution is extensively.evaluated through simu-lations using the IEEE 33-bus test network and real-time digital simulator(RTDS)based testbed experiments of the IEEE 14-bus *** results demonstrate the effec-tiveness of the proposed game-theoretical approach for optimal defensive resource allocation in CPPS when lim-ited resources are available when under FDI *** Terms—Optimal strategy.game theory.Nash equilibrium,CPPS,FDI attack.

关键词： Optimal strategy game theory Nash equilibrium CPPS FDI attack

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