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Condition-dependence and sexual ornamentation： Effects of immune challenges on a highly sexually dimorphic grasshopper

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Insect Science 2018年第4期25卷 617-630页

作者： J. Pablo Valverde Hendrik Eggert Joachim Kurtz holger Schielzeth Department of Evolutionary Biology Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Munster Germany and 3 Department of Population Ecology Institute of Ecology Friedrich Schiller University Jena Germany Department of Population Ecology Institute of Ecology Friedrich Schiller University Jena Germany

Sexual ornaments contribute substantially to phenotypic diversity and it is particularly relevant to understand their evolution. Ornaments can assume the function of signals-of-quality that the choosy sex uses to evaluate potential mating partners. Often there are no obvious direct benefits and investment into mate choice is primarily rewarded by beneficial alleles that are inherited to the offspring. Inter-sexual communication via sexual ornaments requires honesty of the sexual signal, yet the question of what maintains honesty remains only partially solved. One solution is that honesty is maintained by trait expression being dependent on individual condition, since condition-dependent trait expression offers an effectively inexhaustible source of genetic variability. Here we test in the highly sexually dimorphic club-legged grasshopper Gomphocerus sibiricus if putative sexual ornaments, in particular the striking front-leg clubs, are more strongly affected by a lipopolysaccharide （LPS） immune challenge than putatively not sexually selected traits. Our results show overall little condition-dependent expression of morphological and song traits, with sexually selected traits exhibiting effects comparable to nonsexually selected traits （with the possible exception of stridulatory file length and syllable-to-pause ratio in advertisement songs）. Interestingly, field observations of individuals of lethally parasitized individuals suggest that a very strong environmental challenge can specifically affect the expression of the front-leg clubs. The presence of 1% of males in natural populations with missing or heavily deformed clubs plus 5% with minor club deformations furthermore indicate that there are risks associated with club development during final ecdysis and this might act as a filter against deleterious alleles.

关键词： Acrididae honest signaling Orthoptera phenotypic plasticity sexualselection

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The diversity between pancreatic head and body/tail cancers:clinical parameters and in vitro models

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第5期12卷 480-487页

作者： Qi Ling Xiao Xu Shu-Sen Zheng holger Kalthoff Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department of SurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation Ministry of Public Health Institute for Experimental Cancer Research Comprehensive Cancer Center NorthUK S-H

BACKGROUND:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) can be divided into head,body and tail cancers according to the *** in tissue composition,vascularization and innervations have been clearly identified between the head and body/tail of the pancreas both in embryological development and in *** understand the postulated genotype difference,we present comprehensive information on two PDAC cell lines as typical representatives originating from pancreatic head and body/tail cancers,*** SOURCE:In the present review,we compare the difference between pancreatic head and body/tail cancers regarding clinical parameters and introducing an in vitro ***:Increasing evidence has shown that tumors at different locations(head vs body/tail) display different clinical presentation(***,symptom),treatment efficiency(***,chemotherapy) and thus patient ***,the genetic or molecular diversity(***,microRNA) between the two subtypes of PDAC has not been elucidated so *** present different chemo-and/or radio-resistance,extracellular matrix adhesion and invasiveness,as well as genetic ***:Genetic and tumor biological diversity exists in PDAC according to the tumor localization.

关键词： pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumor location cell lines diversity

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Topology impacts TRAIL therapy: Differences in primary cancer growth and liver metastasis between orthotopic and subcutaneous xenotransplants of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2021年第3期20卷 279-284页

作者： Bastian Kettler Anna Trauzold Christian Röder Jan-Hendrik Egberts holger Kalthoff Clinic for General- Abdominal-and Transplant-SurgeryMedical School HannoverCarl-Neuberg-Str.130625 HannoverGermany Institute for Experimental Cancer Research University of Kiel and University Clinic of Schleswig-HolsteinCampus KielHs.U30Arnold-Heller-Str.324105 KielGermany Clinic for General VisceralThoracicTransplantation-and Pediatric SurgeryUniversity Clinic of Schleswig-HolsteinCampus KielHs.CArnold-Heller-Str.324105 KielGermany

Background: To study novel treatment modalities for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC), we need to transfer the knowledge from in vitro to in vivo. It is important to mirror the clinical characteristics of the typically local invasive growth of pancreatic cancer and the distant spread resulting in liver metastasis. Notably, for xenotransplant studies using human specimen, two models, i.e. subcutaneous(s.c.) and orthotopic(o.t.) transplantation are widely used. Methods: The subcutaneously and orthotopically inoculated Colo357 Bcl-x L cell-derived tumors were directly compared with and without TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand(TRAIL) treatment. The size of primary tumors, number of liver metastasis and the histologic markers Ki67, M30, TNF-α and CD31 were assessed. Results: Upon TRAIL treatment, the primary tumors did not change their size, neither in the s.c. nor in the o.t. approaches. But when s.c. was compared to o.t., the size of the s.c. tumors was more than twofold bigger than that of the o.t. tumors( P<0.01). However, mice with orthotopically inoculated PDAC cells developed liver metastasis upon TRAIL treatment much more frequently( n=13/17) than mice with subcutaneously inoculated PDAC cells( n=1/11)( P<0.01). As a likely driving force for this increased metastasis, a higher TNF-α staining intensity in the o.t. tumors was observed by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions: These data from a direct side-by-side comparison underline the importance of the proper inoculation site of the PDAC cells. Local invasion and liver metastases are a hallmark of PDAC in the clinic;the o.t. model is clearly superior in reflecting this setting. Moreover, a serious side-effect of a possible new therapeutic compound became obvious only in the o.t. model.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Animal models Immunohistochemistry Subcutaneous metastasis

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Vocal individuality and rhythm in male and female duet contributions of a nonhuman primate

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Current Zoology 2020年第2期66卷 173-186页

作者： Dena J.CLINK Johny S.TASIRIN holger KLINCK Bioacoustics Research Program Cornell Lab of OrnithologyCornell UniversityIthacaNY14850USA Faculty of Agriculture Sam Ratulangi UniversityManadoIndonesia

Duetting,or the stereotypical,repeated and often coordinated vocalizations between 2 individuals arose independently multiple times in the Order *** primate species,there exists substantial variation in terms of timing,degree of overlap,and sex-specificity of duet *** is increasing evidence that primates can modify the timing of their duet contributions relative to their partner,and this vocal flexibility may have been an important precursor to the evolution of human ***,we present the results of a fine-scale analysis of Gursky’s spectral tarsier Tarsius spectrumgurskyae duet phrases recorded in North Sulawesi,***,we aimed to investigate individual-level variation in the female and male contributions to the duet,quantify individual-and pair-level differences in duet timing,and measure temporal precision of duetting individuals relative to their *** were able to classify female duet phrases to the correct individual with an 80%accuracy using support vector machines,whereas our classification accuracy for males was lower at 64%.Females were more variable than males in terms of timing between *** tarsier phrases exhibited some degree of overlap between callers,and tarsiers exhibited high temporal precision in their note output relative to their *** provide evidence that duetting tarsier individuals can modify their note output relative to their duetting partner,and these results support the idea that flexibility in vocal exchanges—a precursor to human language—evolved early in the primate lineage and long before the emergence of modern humans.

关键词： primate vocal communication rhythm vocal plasticity vocal individuality

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The potentially crucial role of quasi-particle interferences for the growth of silicene on graphite

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Nano Research 2020年第9期13卷 2378-2383页

作者： Fatme Jardali Christoph Lechner Maurizio De Crescenzi Manuela Scarselli Isabelle Berbezier Paola Castrucci holger Vach LPICM CNRSEcole PolytechniqueIP ParisPalaiseau 91128France Dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Roma"Tor Vergata"Roma 00133Italy CNRS Aix-Marseille UniversiteIM2NPMarseille 13397France

A comprehensive picture of the initial stages of silicene growth on graphite is *** is shown that quasiparticle interferences play a crucial role in the formation of the observed silicene *** propose,on one hand,that the charge modulations caused by those quantum interferences serve as templates and guide the incoming Si atoms to self-assemble to the unique(√3 x√3)R30°honeycomb atomic *** the other hand,their limited extension limits the growth to about 150 Si atoms under our present deposition *** here proposed electrostatic interaction finally explains the unexpected stability of the observed silicene islands over time and with *** the robust guiding nature of those quantum interferences during the early growth phase,we demonstrate that the window of experimental conditions for silicene growth is quite narrow,making it an extremely challenging experimental ***,it is shown that the experimentally observed threedimensional silicon clusters might very well be the simple result of the end of the silicene growth resulting from the limited extent of the quasi-particle interferences.

关键词： silicene growth highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG) ab initio calculations scanning tunneling microscopy(STM) quasi-particle interferences two-dimensional(2D)self-assembly

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The immune hunger games:the effects of fasting on monocytes

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第10期20卷 1098-1100页

作者： Jorge Domínguez-Andrés holger Reinecke Yahya Sohrabi Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre6500HBNijmegenthe Netherlands Department of Cardiology I-Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease Heart FailureUniversity Hospital MünsterWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätMünsterGermany Institutes of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Department of Medical Genetics Third Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic

Currently,different types of fasting are becoming increasingly popular for their potential health benefits,particularly in improving cardiometabolic ***,how these practices affect immune function is not well *** a recent study published in Immunity,Janssen et *** into the complex relationship among fasting,refeeding,and the immune *** fasting caused monocyte homing in bone marrow(BM),refeeding escalated monocyte counts in the circulation but altered immune responses to bacterial infection[1].

关键词： becoming fasting she

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Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in refractory chylothorax due to liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第7期19卷 1140-1142页

作者： Philipp Lutz holger Strunk Hans Heinz Schild Tilman Sauerbruch Department of Internal Medicine I University of Bonn53129 BonnGermany Department of Radiology University of Bonn53129 BonnGermany

A pleural effusion containing chylomicrons is termed chylothorax and results from leakage of lymph fluid into the pleural *** report on the case of a 59-year-old woman with severe dyspnea due to a large *** was known to have liver cirrhosis but no *** was no history of trauma,cardiac function was normal and thorough diagnostic work-up did not reveal any signs of *** summary,no other etiology of the chylothorax than portal hypertension could be *** with diuretics as well as parenteral feeding failed to relieve *** a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS) had successfully been placed,pleural effusion decreased *** months later,TIPS revision had to be performed because of stenosis,resulting in remission from *** case shows that even in the absence of ascites,chylothorax might be caused by portal hypertension and that TIPS can be an effective treatment option.

关键词： Chylothorax Cirrhosis Liver Portal hypertension Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

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Seasonal biostabilization and erosion behavior of fluvial biofilms under different hydrodynamic and light conditions

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2015年第4期30卷 273-284页

作者： Moritz Thom holger Schmidt Sabine U.Gerbersdorf Silke Wieprecht Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementUniversity of Stuttgart

Biofilm growth may considerably influence the erodibility of river bed sediments and is,thus,an important morphological *** extent to which the sediment is stabilized depends on many environmental conditions and even though it is well accepted that these conditions are responsible for the variance of results obtained from field studies,little is known about their impact on *** this article,the results from five long-term(4-8 weeks) experiments are presented,investigating the impact of hydrodynamics and light intensity on biostabilization in different *** are cultivated in a sophisticated setup of six identical straight flumes by circulating natural river water over glass beads with diameters between 0.1 and 0.2 *** the course of the experiments biofilm samples are eroded regularly to determine the critical shear stress and to learn more about the erosional behavior of biostabilized *** results indicate a large variance of biostabilization between seasons with the highest values in spring and the lowest in late ***,this is explained by the differences in biofilm growth and composition resulting in mechanically diverse responses to the increased bed shear *** bed shear stress during cultivation delayed biofilm growth possibly due to reduced net attachment and growth of formerly advected microbes on the sediment ***,no substantial biostabilization effect is detected in experiments where biofilms are cultivated in *** focus in this article is the analysis of the mechanical behavior observed during erosion of the biofilms,that is shown to be an important aspect for the understanding of freshwater biostabilization caused by young growing biofilms.

关键词： Biofilm Critical bed shear stress Erosion mechanisms Environmental conditions Seasonal variations

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High-dose interferon-α2b induction therapy in combination with ribavirin for treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients with non-response or relapse after interferon-a monotherapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第34期11卷 5342-5346页

作者： holger G. Hass Christian Kreysel Johannes Fischinger Josef Menzel Stephan Kaiser Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Tuebingen Germany Department of Gastroenterology Klinikum Krefeld Germany Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Saarland Germany Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Muenster Germany

AIM： To evaluate the daily high-dose induction therapy with interferon-α2b （IFN-α2b） in combination with ribavirin for the treatment of patients who failed with interferon monotherapy and had a relapse, based on the assumption that the viral burden would decline faster, thus increasing the likelihood of higher response rates in this difficult-totreat patient group. METHODS： Seventy patients were enrolled in this study. Treatment was started with 10 NU IFN-α2b daily for 3 wk, followed by IFN-α2b 5 NU/TIW in combination with ribavirin （1 000-1 200 mg/d） for 21 wk. In case of a negative HCV RNA PCR, treatment was continued until wk 48 （IFN-α2b 3MU/TIW＋1000-1200 mg ribavirin/daily）. RESULTS： The dose of IFN-α2b or ribavirin was reduced in 16% of patients because of hematologic side effects, and treatment was discontinued in 7% of patients. An early viral response （EVR） was achieved in 60% of patients. Fifty percent of all patients achieved an end-oftreatment response （EOT） and d0% obtained a sustained viral response （SVR）. Patients with no response had a significantly lower response rate than those with a former relapse （SVR 30% vs 53%; P=0.049）. Furthermore, lower response rates were observed in patients infected with genotype la/b than in patients with non-1-genotype （SVR 28% vs7d%; P=0.001）. As a significant predictive factor for a sustained response, a rapid initial decline of HCV RNA could be identified. No patient achieving a negative HCV-RNA PCR at wk 18 or later eventually eliminated the virus. CONCLUSION： Daily high-dose induction therapy with interferon-α2b is well tolerated and effective for the treatment of non-responders and relapsers, when interferon monotherapy fails. A fast decline of viral load during the first 12 wk is strongly associated with a sustained viral response.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C High-dose interferon-α induction therapy Ribavirin Nonresponder Relapse

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Modelling of resuspension due to fish activity:Mathematical modeling and annular flume experiments

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第3期32卷 421-431页

作者： Olya Skulovich Catrina Cofalla Caroline Ganal holger Schttrumpf Avi Ostfeld Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion-IIT Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management RWTH Aachen University Institute for Environmental Research RWTH Aachen University

A spatially averaged numerical model was developed to describe the erosion of cohesive *** with known empirical relations, the model comprises a new formulation for resuspension due to fish activity. Experiments on erosion of natural sediments in the annular flume at Aachen University are used for model calibration. Empirical coefficients were evaluated with genetic algorithms to achieve the best agreement between the model results and the experimental data. The presented model shows sufficient flexibility to account for various sediment properties, including different sediment sources,natural and artificial contaminants, presence or absence of aquatic organisms, and results in an average coefficient of determination, R2=90.5% between the model results and the experimental data. Model validation allows it to be assumed that different contaminants affect bed properties differently. Fish activity plays an essential role in correct resuspension prediction. Further sediment erosion experiments with carefully chosen conditions will allow a more comprehensive model evaluation. The presented model is intended to serve as a building block in the development of a hydraulic-sediment-biota model within the W3-Hydro: Water Quality Event Detection for Urban Water Security and Urban Water Management Based on Hydrotoxicological Investigations project that aims to improve the knowledge concerning bioavailability, transport, fate, and effects of contaminants on the aquatic environment.

关键词： Cohesive sediment Erosion Annular flume Numerical simulation Fish-induced resuspension

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