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Prostate health index can stratify patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on magnetic resonance imaging to reduce prostate biopsies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 20-24页

作者： John Shung-Lai leung Wai-Kit Ma Brian Sze-Ho Ho Stacia Tsun-Tsun Chun Rong Na Yongle Zhan Chi-Yuen Ng Chi-Ho Ip Ada Tsui-Lin Ng Yiu-Chung Lam Division of Urology Department of SurgeryQueen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Urology Department of SurgeryPrincess Margaret HospitalHongKongChina

We aim to evaluate prostate health index as an additional risk-stratification tool in patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance *** with biochemical or clinical suspicion of having prostate cancer who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in two tertiary centers(Queen Mary Hospital and Princess Margaret Hospital,Hong Kong,China)between January 2017 and June 2022 were ***-magnetic resonance imaging fusion biopsies were performed after prostate health index *** who only had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions were further stratified into four prostate health index risk groups and the cancer detection rates were *** of the 747 patients,47.3%had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions *** detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer in this group was 15.0%.The cancer detection rates of clinically significant prostate cancer had statistically significant differences:5.3%in prostate health index<25.0,7.4%in prostate health index 25.0-34.9,17.9%in prostate health index 35.0-54.9,and 52.6%in prostate health index≥55.0(P<0.01).Among the patients,26.9%could have avoided a biopsy with a prostate health index<25.0,at the expense of a 5.3%risk of missing clinically significant prostate *** health index could be used as an additional risk stratification tool for patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 *** could be avoided in patients with low prostate health index,with a small risk of missing clinically significant prostate cancer.

关键词： biopsy fusion biopsy magnetic resonance imaging prostate cancer prostate health index

Immunoregulatory and Anti-cancer Activities of Combination Treatment of Novel Four-Herb Formula and Doxorubicin in 4T1-Breast Cancer Bearing Mice

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 311-321页

作者： Lea Ling-Yu Kan Ben Chung-Lap Chan Grace Gar-Lee Yue LI Pei-ting Sharon Sze-Man Hon HUANG Dan-qi Miranda Sin-Man Tsang Clara Bik-San Lau Ping-Chung leung Chun-Kwok Wong Institute of Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine School of Health and Biomedical SciencesSTEM CollegeRMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong SARHong KongChina

Objective To investigate the in vivo immunomodulatory and anti-tumor mechanisms of the combined treatment of novel Four-Herb formula(4HF)and doxorubicin in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Methods Murine-derived triple-negative mammary carcinoma cell line,4T1 cells,was cultured and inoculated into mouse mammary ***-six mice were randomly assigned into 6 groups(n=11 in ench):naive,control,LD 4HF(low dose 4HF),HD 4HF(high dose 4HF),LD 4HF+D(low dose and doxorubicin),and D(doxorubicin).Apart from the naive group,each mouse received subcutaneous inoculation with 5×10^(5)4T1 cells resuspended in 100µL of normal saline in the mammary fat *** from the day of tumor cell inoculation,tumors were grown for 6 *** LD and HD groups received daily oral gavage of 658 and 2,630 mg/kg 4HF,*** LD 4HF+D group received daily oral gavage of 658 mg/kg 4HF and weekly intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin(5 mg/kg).The D group received weekly intraperitoneal injections of doxorubicin(5 mg/kg).The treatment naive mice received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double distilled water and 0.1 mL normal saline via intraperitoneal injection once a *** control group received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double-distilled *** treatment period was 30 *** the end of treatment,mice organs were harvested to analyze immunological activities via immunophenotyping,gene and multiplex analysis,histological staining,and gut microbiota *** Mice treated with the combination of 4HF and doxorubicin resulted in significantly reduced tumor and spleen burdens(P<0.05),altered the hypoxia and overall immune lymphocyte landscape,and manipulated gut microbiota to favor the anti-tumor immunological ***,immunosuppressive genes,cytokines,and chemokines such as C-C motif chemokine 2 and interleukin-10 of tumors were significantly downregulated(P<0.05).4HF-doxorubicin combination treatment demonstrated synergetic activities and was most effective

关键词： adjunctivetherapy breast cancer cytokines Chinese medicine tumor microenvironment

Abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and its association with articular cartilage degradation in knees of type 2 diabetes patients

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Bone Research 2017年第4期5卷 305-316页

作者： yan Chen Yong-Can Huang Chun hoi yan Kwong Yuen Chiu Qingjun Wei Jingmin Zhao X Edward Guo Frankie leung William W Lu Department of Bone and Joint Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalGuangxi Medical UniversityChina Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology The University of Hong KongHong Kong Bone Bioengineering Laboratory Department of Biomedical EngineeringColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies Orthopaedic Research CenterPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenChina

Type 2 diabetes （T2D） is associated with systemic abnormal bone remodeling and bone loss. Meanwhile, abnormal subchondral bone remodeling induces cartilage degradation, resulting in osteoarthritis （OA）. Accordingly, we investigated alterations in subchondral bone remodeling, microstructure and strength in knees from T2D patients and their association with cartilage degradation. Tibial plateaus were collected from knee OA patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty and divided into non-diabetic （n---70） and diabetes （n = 51） groups. Tibial plateaus were also collected from cadaver donors （n = 20） and used as controls. Subchondral bone microstructure was assessed using micro-computed tomography. Bone strength was evaluated by micro-finite-element analysis. Cartilage degradation was estimated using histology. The expression of tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase （TRAP）, osterix, and osteocalcin were calculated using immunohistochemistry. Osteoarthritis Research Society International （OARSI） scores of lateral tibial plateau did not differ between non-diabetic and diabetes groups, while higher OARSI scores on medial side were detected in diabetes group. Lower bone volume fraction and trabecular number and higher structure model index were found on both sides in diabetes group. These microstructural alterations translated into lower elastic modulus in diabetes group. Moreover, diabetes group had a larger number of TRAP~ osteoclasts and lower number of Osterix~ osteoprogenitors and Osteocalcin~ osteoblasts. T2D knees are characterized by abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and microstructural and mechanical impairments, which were associated with exacerbated cartilage degradation. In regions with intact cartilage the underlying bone still had abnormal remodeling in diabetes group, suggesting that abnormal bone remodeling may contribute to the early pathogenesis of T2D-associated knee OA.

关键词： Th Abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and its association with articular cartilage degradation in knees of type 2 diabetes patients

Truth-value transmittal fuzzy reasoning inter-polator

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Science in China(Series F) 2005年第6期48卷 737-746页

作者： yan Jianping leung Yee Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Geography Hong Kong Chinese University Hong Kong

In this paper, we firstly associate fuzzy reasoning algorithm with the interpolation algorithm and discuss the limitation of defuzzification methods used commonly in the fuzzy reasoning algorithm. Secondly, we give a new fuzzy reasoning algorithm in case of single input, called the truth-value transmittal method, and discuss its properties. Finally, we analyze the rationality to adopy the truth-value transmittal method as the defuzzification method of full implication triple I method, and show that although CRI and triple I fuzzy reasoning method are different from fuzzy output set, they are uniform finally under the truth-value transmittal defuzzification method.

关键词： fuzzy reasoning interpolation triple I method truth-value transmittal method.

基于深度强化学习的空天地一体化网络信息物理系统垂直切换策略

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通信学报 2024年第8期45卷 180-191页

作者：武艳潘广川姚明旿杨清海梁中明西安电子科技大学空天地一体化综合业务网全国重点实验室陕西西安710071 深圳大学计算机与软件学院物联网研究中心广东深圳518060

针对空天地一体化网络信息物理系统模型复杂、很难获得网络拓扑先验知识和模型化假设的特点,研究其基于深度强化学习的垂直切换策略。首先,综合考虑系统稳定性、切换开销和网络使用成本约束,将垂直切换策略问题建模为约束马尔可夫决策过... 详细信息

针对空天地一体化网络信息物理系统模型复杂、很难获得网络拓扑先验知识和模型化假设的特点,研究其基于深度强化学习的垂直切换策略。首先,综合考虑系统稳定性、切换开销和网络使用成本约束,将垂直切换策略问题建模为约束马尔可夫决策过程(CMDP),并给出保证可行解存在的充分条件;其次,提出约束-近端策略优化(CPPO)算法解决该问题,并在基站侧引入分布式强化学习机制加速训练收敛。相较于基准策略,仿真验证了所提垂直切换策略的优越性和有效性。

关键词：空天地一体化网络信息物理系统深度强化学习垂直切换

A Registry-Based Observational Study on the Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients in Hong Kong,China

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第3期6卷 156-163页

作者： Hillary HY leung Teresa WL Ma Florrie NY Yu Meliza CW Kong Tsz Kin Lo Pauline PL So Wing-Cheong leung Wendy Shu Ka Wang Cheung Sakita Moungmaithong Chi Chiu Wang Liona C.Poon Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Chinese University of HongKongHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Elizabeth HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology United Christian HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Princess Margaret HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Tuen Mun HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Kwong Wah HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Mary HospitalHong Kong 999077China

Objective:To report the clinical maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),along with any associated pregnancy complications,in Hong Kong,China,and to assess the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on these ***:This prospective registry-based observational study included pregnant women who were recruited through convenient sampling and had a laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection with a cycle threshold(Ct)value result available on admission to eight local hospitals in Hong Kong,*** on clinical symptoms,laboratory results,medical treatments,delivery timing and mode,and pregnancy complications were extracted from the Hospital Authority’s electronic medical record ***,fetal,and pregnancy outcomes were compared between unvaccinated pregnant women with COVID-19 and those who had received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine before *** continuous variables and categorical variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Pearson’s chi-squared test respectively.A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically ***:A total of 164 pregnant women were included,of whom 78(47.56%)were ***-19 was diagnosed before 28 weeks’gestation in 30(18.29%),while 134(81.71%)were diagnosed at or after 28 weeks’***-two(37.80%)women received at least one dose of COVID-19 *** were no significant differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups in the time interval between COVID-19 diagnosis and delivery,the Ct value,and the gestational age at infection onset or delivery(P>0.05).The majority of women were symptomatic at diagnosis regardless of vaccination status 55(88.71%)in vaccinated group vs.78(76.47%)in unvaccinated group(P=0.052).Symptoms did not significantly differ between groups except for cough(62.90%vs.47.06%,P=0.049).The overall rate of severe COVID-19 in pregnant women was *** t

关键词： COVID-19 Maternal outcomes Fetal outcomes Pregnancy complications Severe COVID-19

Treatment with β-sitosterol ameliorates the effects of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing cholesterol overload, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 642-649页

作者： Xiuling Tang Tao yan Saiying Wang Qingqing Liu Qi yang Yongqiang Zhang Yujiao Li Yumei Wu Shuibing Liu Yulong Ma Le yang Precision Pharmacy&Drug Development Center Department of PharmacyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Pharmacy Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyAir Force Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology and K.K.Leung Brain Research CentreAir Force Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina

β-Sitosterol is a type of phytosterol that occurs naturally in *** studies have shown that it has anti-oxidant,anti-hyperlipidemic,anti-inflammatory,immunomodulatory,and anti-tumor effects,but it is unknown whetherβ-sitosterol treatment reduces the effects of ischemic *** we found that,in a mouse model of ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion,β-sitosterol reduced the volume of cerebral infarction and brain edema,reduced neuronal apoptosis in brain tissue,and alleviated neurological dysfunction;moreover,β-sitosterol increased the activity of oxygen-and glucose-deprived cerebral cortex neurons and reduced *** investigation showed that the neuroprotective effects ofβ-sitosterol may be related to inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by intracellular cholesterol accumulation after ischemic *** addition,β-sitosterol showed high affinity for NPC1L1,a key transporter of cholesterol,and antagonized its *** conclusion,β-sitosterol may help treat ischemic stroke by inhibiting neuronal intracellular cholesterol overload/endoplasmic reticulum stress/apoptosis signaling pathways.

关键词： apoptosis blood-brain barrier β-sitosterol cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury cholesterol overload cholesterol transport endoplasmic reticulum stress ischemic stroke molecular docking NPC1L1

Quantitative and qualitative subgenomic RNA profiles of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples: A comparison between Omicron BA.2 and non-VOC-D614G

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 218-227页

作者： Zigui Chen Rita Way Yin Ng Grace Lui Lowell Ling Agnes S.Y.leung Chit Chow Siaw Shi Boon Wendy C.S.Ho Maggie Haitian Wang Renee Wan Yi Chan Albert Martin Li David Shu Cheong Hui Paul Kay Sheung Chan Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants are notorious for their transmissibility,but little is known about their subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)*** study applied RNA-seq to delineate the quantitative and qualitative profiles of canonical sgRNA of 118 respiratory samples collected from patients infected with Omicron BA.2 and compared with 338 patients infected with non-variant of concern(non-VOC)-D614G.A unique characteristic profile depicted by the relative abundance of 9 canonical sgRNAs was reproduced by both BA.2 and non-VOCD614G regardless of host gender,age and presence of ***,such profile was lost in samples with low viral load,suggesting a potential application of sgRNA pattern to indicate viral activity of individual patient at a specific time point.A characteristic qualitative profile of canonical sgRNAs was also reproduced by both BA.2 and *** presence of a full set of canonical sgRNAs carried a coherent correlation with crude viral load(AUC¼0.91,95%CI 0.88–0.94),and sgRNA ORF7b was identified to be the best surrogate marker allowing feasible routine application in characterizing the infection status of individual *** potentials in using sgRNA as a target for vaccine and antiviral development are worth pursuing.

关键词： Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Non-VOC-D614G RNA-seq Subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)

“中文+常识”在香港非华语小学生中文教学中的应用研究

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语言教学与研究 2024年第5期 26-36页

作者：梁慧敏王莎香港理工大学中文及双语学系中国香港999077

香港特区非华语学生在使用中文学习其他科目时面临着学科和语言的双重障碍。对非华语学生而言,中文是他们的第二语言或外语,如果中文欠佳,势必影响学科知识的学习。本研究采用“内容与语言整合学习”的4Cs模式,为香港地区的非华语小学... 详细信息

香港特区非华语学生在使用中文学习其他科目时面临着学科和语言的双重障碍。对非华语学生而言,中文是他们的第二语言或外语,如果中文欠佳,势必影响学科知识的学习。本研究采用“内容与语言整合学习”的4Cs模式,为香港地区的非华语小学三年级学生设计了一套融合常识科内容的中文学习材料和框架,聚焦于小学常识科的六大学习范畴,展开跨学科协作模式,统整学科与中文作为第二语言的学习内容。创新的“中文+常识”课程旨在融合学科教育来提升学生中文水平,同时透过针对性语言教学深化学科知识的掌握。本研究的意义在于,首先让香港非华语中文教学突破单一的语言课堂,平衡“目标语言”和“工具语言”的教学,增强学生通过中文学习常识等其他学科的能力﹔其次,亦希望本课题可以抛砖引玉,为国际中文教育中“中文+其他学科”的教学模式提供香港地区经验。

关键词：香港非华语小学生中文+常识内容与语言整合学习 4Cs教学框架