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Reappraisal of endoscopic papillary balloon dilation for the management of common bile duct stones

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2015年第2期7卷 77-86页

作者： Kwok-hung Lai hoi-hung chan Tzung-Jiun Tsai Jin-Shiung Cheng Ping-I Hsu Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital School of Medicine National Yang-Ming University

Although endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST) is still considered as a gold standard treatment for common bile duct(CBD) stones in western guideline, endoscopic papillary balloon dilation(EPBD) is commonly used by the endoscopists in Asia as the first-line treatment for CBD stones. Besides the advantages of a technical easy procedure, endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation(EPLBD) can facilitate the removal of large CBD *** indication of EPBD is now extended from removal of the small stones by using traditional balloon, to removal of large stones and avoidance of lithotripsy by using large balloon alone or after EST. According to the reports of antegrade papillary balloon dilatation, balloon dilation itself is not the cause of pancreatitis. On the contrary, adequate dilation of papillary orifice can reduce the trauma to the papilla and pancreas by the basket or lithotripter during the procedure of stone extraction. EPLBD alone is as effective as EPLBD with limited EST. Longer ballooning time may be beneficial in EPLBD alone to achieve adequate loosening of papillary orifice. The longer ballooning time does not increase the risk of pancreatitis but may reduce the bleeding episodes in patients with coagulopathy. Slowly inflation of the balloon, but not exceed the diameter of bile duct and tolerance of the patients are important to prevent the complication of perforation. EPBLD alone or with EST are not the sphincter preserved procedures, regular follow up is necessary for early detection and management of CBD stones recurrence.

关键词： Common bile duct stones Complications Endoscopic balloon dilation Endoscopic large balloondilation Endoscopic sphincterotomy

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Composition of common bile duct stones in Chinese patients during and after endoscopic sphincterotomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第27期11卷 4246-4249页

作者： Wei-Lun Tsai Kwok-hung Lai Chiun-Ku Lin hoi-hung chan Ching-Chu Lo Ping-I Hsu Wen-Chi Chen Jin-Shiung Cheng Gin-Ho Lo Division of Gastroenterology Department of InternalMedicine Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital School of MedicineNational Yang Ming University Taiwan China

AIM： Endoscopic sphincterotomy （ES） is a well-established therapeutic modality for the removal of common bile duct （CBD） stones. Alter ES there are still around 10% of patients that experience recurrent CBD stones. The aim of this study is to investigate the composition of CBD stones before and alter ES and its clinical significance in Chinese ***： From January 1996 to December 2003, 735 patients with CBD stones received ES at Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital and stone specimens from 266 patients were sent for analysis. Seventy-five patients had recurrent CBD stones and stone specimens from 44 patients were sent for analysis. The composition of the stones was analyzed by infrared （IR） spectrometry and they were classified as cholesterol or bilirubinate stones according to the predominant composition. Clinical data were ***： In the initial 266 stone samples, 217 （82%） were bilirubinate stones, 42 （16%） were cholesterol stones,3 were calcium carbonate stones, 4 were mixed cholesterol and bilirubinate stones. Patients with bilirubinate stones were significantly older than patients with cholesterol stones （66＋13 years vs 56＋17 years, P = 0.001）. In the 44 recurrent stone samples, 38 （86%） were bilirubinate stones, 3 （7%） were cholesterol stones, and 3 were mixed cholesterol and bilirubinate stones. In 27 patients, both initial and recurrent stone specimens can be obtained,23 patients had bilirubinate stones initially and 2 became cholesterol stones in the recurrent attack. In the four patients with initial cholesterol stones, three patients had bilirubinate stones and one patient had a cholesterol stone in the recurrent ***： Bilirubinate stone is the predominant composition of initial or recurrent CBD stone in Chinese patients, The composition of CBD stones may be different from initial stones afl：er ES,

关键词： Endoscopic sphincterotomy Common bile ductstone Bilirubinate stone Cholesterol stone

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Implications of anti-parietal cell antibodies and anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies in histological gastritis and patient outcome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第30期11卷 4715-4720页

作者： Ching-Chu Lo Ping-I Hsu Gin-Ho Lo Kwok-hung Lai Hui-Hwa Tseng Chiun-Ku Lin hoi-hung chan Wei-Lun Tsai Wen-Chi Chen Nan-Jing Peng Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital and St. Martin De Porres HospitalNational Yang-Ming University Kaohsiung Taiwan China Department of Pathology Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University KaohsiungTaiwan China Department of Nuclear Medicine Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University Kaohsiung Taiwan China

AIM： To develop a serum or histological marker for early discovery of gastric atrophy or intestinal metaplasia. METHODS： This study enrolled 44 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, 52 patients with duodenal ulcer, 14 patients with gastric ulcer and 42 consecutive healthy adults as controls. Each patient received an endoscopy and five biopsy samples were obtained. The degrees of histological parameters of gastritis were categorized following the Updated Sydney System. Anti-parietal cell antibodies （APCA） and anti- Helicobacter pylori （ H pylori） antibodies （AHPA） were analyzed by immunoassays. Hpyloriinfection was diagnosed by rapid unease test and histological examination. RESULTS： Patients with gastric cancer and gastric ulcer are significantly older than healthy subjects, while also displaying higher frequency of APCA than healthy controls. Patients with positive APCA showed higher scores in gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia of corpus than patients with negative APCA. Patients with positive AHPA had higher scores in gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric inflammation of antrum than those patients with negative AHPA. Elderly patients had greater prevalence rates of APCA. Following multivariant logistic regression analysis, the only significant risk factor for antral atrophy is positive AHPA, while that for corpus atrophy is positive APCA. CONCLUSION： The existence of positive APCA correlates with glandular atrophy in corpus and the presence of positive AHPA correlates with glandular atrophy in antrum. The existence of serum APCA and AHPA betokens glandular atrophy and requires further examination for gastric cancer.

关键词： Glandular atrophy Intestinal metaplasia Gastriccancer Anti-parietal cell antibody Anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies

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Optimizing distribution of multiple tuned mass dampers for building structures with inverse element exchange method

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2025年第1期24卷 187-199页

作者： Peng-Tai chan Department of Marine Environment and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University(NSYSU)Kaohsiung 804TaiwanChina

Multiple tuned mass dampers(MTMDs)reduce dynamic response with multiple specified frequencies of building *** optimization algorithms for placement design exist,though they rarely conform to code-based verification nor produce high quality solutions without high computational effort and high *** study proposes an inverse element exchange method(IEEM)with multi-level programming and compares it to a single tuned mass damper(STMD)and uniform distribution of multiple tuned mass dampers in the frequency and time domains.A ten-story shear building is used for the numerical case *** results show that the proposed method can offer improvement over the STMD,uniform distribution of multiple tuned mass dampers,and distribution optimized by genetic algorithms(GA)with regard to minimizing the interstory drift ratio(IDR)in both the frequency and time domains and the time consumption for optimization.

关键词： tuned mass damper multiple tuned mass damper optimal damper placement design transfer function

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Dibutyl phthalate disrupts[Ca^(2+)]_(i),reactive oxygen species,[pH]_(i),protein kinases and mitochondrial activity,impairing sperm function

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 68-78页

作者： Seung Hyun Park Myung chan Gye Department of Life Science and Institute for Natural Sciences Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

To explore the mechanism of sperm dysfunction caused by dibutyl phthalate(DBP),the effects of DBP on intracellular[Ca^(2+)]and[pH],reactive oxygen species(ROS),lipid peroxidation(LPO),mitochondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP)opening,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),adenosine triphosphate(ATP)levels,phosphorylation of protein kinase A(PKA)substrate proteins and phosphotyrosine(p-Tyr)proteins,sperm motility,spontaneous acrosome reaction,and tail bending were examined in mouse *** 100μg/mL,DBP significantly increased tail bending and[Ca^(2+)]***,DBP showed biphasic effects on[pH]*** at 10–100μg/mL significantly decreased sperm ***,Ca^(2+)ionophore A23187 decreased[pH]_(i)sperm motility,suggesting that DBP-induced excessive[Ca^(2+)]_(i)decreased sperm *** significantly increased ROS and *** at 100μg/mL significantly decreased mPTP closing,MMP,and ATP levels in spermatozoa,as did H2O2,indicative of ROS-mediatedmitochondrial dysfunction caused by *** as well as H2O2 increased p-Tyr sperm proteins and phosphorylated PKA substrate sperm *** at 1–10μg/mL significantly increased the spontaneous acrosome reaction,suggesting that DBP can activate sperm ***,DBP showed a biphasic effect on intracellular signaling in *** concentrations relevant to seminal ortho-phthalate levels,DBP activates[pH]i,protein tyrosine kinases and PKA via physiological levels of ROS generation,potentiating sperm *** at high doses excessively raises[Ca^(2+)]_(i)and ROS and disrupts[pH]i,impairing the mitochondrial function,tail structural integrity,and sperm motility.

关键词： Dibutyl phthalate Reactive oxygen species(ROS) [Ca^(2+)]_(i) [pH]_(i) Mitochondria Protein kinases Sperm

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Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status in Hong Kong, China

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2025年第1期24卷 45-49页

作者： Karin Ho Albert chan Liver Transplant Center Queen Mary HospitalDepartment of SurgeryThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

With the advances in transplant oncology in recent years, the role of liver transplantation has expanded to make curative treatment a possibility for a wider patient population. We highlight strategies in Hong Kong, China that have enabled preoperative prognostication for judicious patient selection, downstaging therapy to definitive treatment, and postoperative therapies that have provided a growing role for liver transplantation in patients with more advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

关键词： Living donor liver transplantation Downstaging Conversion therapy Transplant oncology

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Consumer products are important reservoirs and sources of organophosphate tri-esters and di-esters:Characteristics,mass inventory,and implication for waste management

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 550-559页

作者： Jie Zhou chan Liang Jinyun Li Jiayi Gu Amina Salamova Liangying Liu Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health School of EnvironmentJinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityGeorgia 30322USA

Numerous studies documented the occurrence of organophosphate tri-esters(tri-OPEs)and di-esters(di-OPEs)in the *** information is available on their occurrence in waste consumer products,reservoirs and sources of these *** study collected and analyzed 92 waste consumer products manufactured from diverse polymers,including polyurethane foam(PUF),polystyrene(PS),acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS),polypropylene(PP),and polyethylene(PE)to obtain information on the occurrence and profiles of 16 tri-OPEs and 10 *** concentrations of di-OPEs(18−370,000 ng/g,median 1,700 ng/g)were one order of magnitude lower than those of tri-OPEs(94−4,500,000 ng/g,median 5,400 ng/g).The concentrations of both tri-and di-OPEs in products made of PUF,PS,and ABS were orders of magnitude higher than those made of PP and *** compositional patterns of OPEs varied among different polymer types but were generally dominated by bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate),triphenyl phosphate,tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate,di-phenyl phosphate(DPHP),and bis(2-ethylhexyl)*** industrially applied di-OPEs(di-n-butyl phosphate and DPHP)exhibited higher levels than their respective tri-OPEs,contrary to their production *** non-industrially applied chlorinated di-OPEs were also detected,with concentrations up to 97,000 ng/*** findings suggest that degradation of tri-OPEs during the manufacturing and use of products is an important source of *** mass inventories of tri-OPEs and di-OPEs in consumer products were estimated at 3,100 and 750 tons/year,*** study highlights the importance of consumer products as emission sources of a broad suite of OPEs.

关键词： Organophosphate tri-esters Organophosphate di-esters Waste consumer products Source assessment Mass inventory

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Deep ResNet Strategy for the Classification of Wind Shear Intensity Near Airport Runway

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第2期142卷 1565-1584页

作者： Afaq Khattak Pak-wai chan Feng Chen Abdulrazak H.Almaliki Department of Civil Structural and Environmental EngineeringTrinity College DublinDublinD02 PN40Ireland Hong Kong Observatory 134A Nathan RoadKowloonHong Kong999077China College of Transportation Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai201804China Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

Intense wind shear(I-WS)near airport runways presents a critical challenge to aviation safety,necessi-tating accurate and timely classification to mitigate risks during takeoff and *** study proposes the application of advanced Residual Network(ResNet)architectures including ResNet34 and ResNet50 for classifying I-WS and Non-Intense Wind Shear(NI-WS)events using Doppler Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)data from Hong Kong International Airport(HKIA).Unlike conventional models such as feedforward neural networks(FNNs),convolutional neural networks(CNNs),and recurrent neural networks(RNNs),ResNet provides a distinct advantage in addressing key challenges such as capturing intricate WS dynamics,mitigating vanishing gradient issues in deep architectures,and effectively handling class imbalance when combined with Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique(SMOTE).The analysis results revealed that ResNet34 outperforms other models with a Balanced Accuracy of 0.7106,Probability of Detection of 0.8271,False Alarm Rate of 0.328,F1-score of 0.7413,Matthews Correlation Coefficient of 0.433,and Geometric Mean of 0.701,demonstrating its effectiveness in classifying I-WS *** findings of this study not only establish ResNet as a valuable tool in the domain of WS classification but also provide a reliable framework for enhancing operational safety at airports.

关键词： Aviation safety wind shear deep residual network Doppler LiDAR

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MINIMAL WIDTHSS AND ORTHOGONALITY TYPES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2025年第1期45卷 27-39页

作者： chan HE Horst MARTINI Senlin WU School of Mathematics North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China Fakultät für Mathematik Technische Universität Chemnitz09107ChemnitzGermany

The minimal widths of three bounded subsets of the unit sphere associated to a unit vector in a normed linear space are studied,and three related geometric constants are *** characterizations of inner product spaces are also *** the perspective of minimal width,strongε-symmetry of Birkhoff orthogonality is introduced,and its relation toε-symmetry of Birkhoff orthogonality is *** most of the existing parameters of the underlying space,these new constants are full dimensional in nature.

关键词： Birkhoff orthogonality isosceles orthogonality minimal width Singer orthogonality strong e-symmetry of Birkhoff orthogonality width function

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Human endogenous retrovirus type-W and multiple sclerosis–related smoldering neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gruchot Laura Reiche Andrew chan Robert Hoepner Patrick Küry Department of Neurology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neurology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Introduction to human endogenous retrovirus type-W(HERV-W): Genomic inheritance from the past includes retroviral sequences that have been stably incorporated into our genomes and account for up to 8% of human DNA.

关键词： endogenous inflammation Human

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