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An imputation/copula-based stochastic individual tr.e gr.wth model for.mixed species Acadian for.sts： a case study using the Nova Scotia per.anent sample plot networ.

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For.st Ecosystems 2017年第4期4卷 251-263页

作者： John A. Ker.haw Jr.Aar.n r. Weiskittel michael B. Lavigne Elizabeth McGar.igle Univer.ity of New Br.nswick FrederictonNBCanada Univer.ity of Maine OroooMEUSA Atlantic For.str. Centr. Natural Resources Canada.FrederiaooNBCanada Nova Scotia Natur.l r.sour.es Forestry DivisionTruroNS B2N 0G9UK.

Backgr.und： A novel appr.ach to modelling individual tr.e gr.wth dynamics is pr.posed. The appr.ach combines multiple imputation and copula sampling to pr.duce a stochastic individual tr.e gr.wth and yield pr.jection system. Methods： The Nova Scotia, Canada per.anent sample plot networ. is used as a case study to develop and test the modelling appr.ach. Pr.dictions fr.m this model ar. compar.d to pr.dictions fr.m the Acadian var.ant of the For.st Vegetation Simulator. a widely used statistical individual tr.e gr.wth and yield model. r.sults： Diameter.and height gr.wth r.tes wer. pr.dicted with er.or.r.tes consistent with those pr.duced using statistical models. Mor.ality and ingr.wth er.or.r.tes wer. higher.than those obser.ed for.diameter.and height, but also wer. within the bounds pr.duced by tr.ditional appr.aches for.pr.dicting these r.tes. Ingr.wth species composition was ver. poor.y pr.dicted. The model was capable of r.pr.ducing a wide r.nge of stand dynamic tr.jector.es and in some cases r.pr.duced tr.jector.es that the statistical model was incapable of r.pr.ducing. Conclusions： The model has potential to be used as a benchmar.ing tool for.evaluating statistical and pr.cess models and may pr.vide a mechanism to separ.te signal fr.m noise and impr.ve our.ability to analyze and lear. fr.m lar.e r.gional datasets that often have under.ying flaws in sample design.

关键词： Near.st neighbor.imputation Copula sampling Individual tr.e gr.wth model Mor.ality Ingr.wth Mixed species stand development Acadian for.sts Nova Scotia

Life-insur.nce Efficiency in China:A Compar.son of For.ign and Domestic Fir.s

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China & Wor.d Economy 2009年第6期17卷 43-63页

作者： Bingzheng Chen michael r. Power. Joseph Qiu Pr.fessor.of Finance School of Economics and Management Tsinghua University Beijing China Pr.fessor.of r.sk Management and Insur.nce Fox School of Business Temple University Philadelphia USA Consultant Towers Perrin Philadelphia USA

The Chinese life-insur.nce industr. has exper.enced major.str.ctur.l changes in r.cent year., pr.mar.ly because of incr.asing demand and the entr. of for.ign insur.r.. Although the mar.et is clear.y booming, the efficiency of its gr.wth and development is unclear. In this paper. we evaluate the efficiency of life insur.r. oper.ting in China and compar. for.ign fir.s with domestic fir.s. We find that for.ign insur.r. have not br.ught efficiency into the Chinese mar.et, and that the mar.et is still dominated by domestic giants. However. the gap between for.ign insur.r. and domestic insur.r. is nar.owing. After.testing hypotheses r.gar.ing scale economy, technical pr.gr.ss andpotential impr.vements, we discuss sever.l issues＇ of impor.ance to life insur.r., mar.et investor. and gover.ment r.gulator..

关键词： efficiency life insur.nce scale economy technical pr.gr.ss

Speedy Gr.ss Stomata： Emer.ing Molecular.anc Evolutionar. Featur.s

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Molecular.Plant 2017年第7期10卷 912-914页

作者： Shengguan Cai Mar.a Papanatsiou michael r. Blatt Zhong-Hua Chen College of Agr.cultur. and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China School of Science and Health Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith NSW 2751 Australia Labor.tor. of Plant Physiology and Biophysics University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK

Stomata in most land plants ar. for.ed by a pair.of guar. cells, contr.lling the water.loss and the car.on dioxide uptake. The development, patter.ing, and density of stomata ar. fundamental tr.its for.stomatal functi...

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Patient-der.ved skin fibr.blasts as a model to study fr.ntotempor.l lobar.degener.tion

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2022年第12期17卷 2669-2671页

作者： Dor.t hoffmann Annakaisa Haapasalo A.I.Vir.anen Institute for.Molecular.Sciences University of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland

Fr.ntotempor.l lobar.degener.tion(FTLD)is one of the most common causes of ear.y-onset dementia in patients under.the age of 65 *** is a clinically,genetically,and neur.pathologically heter.geneous gr.up of neur.degener.tive syndr.mes,causing atr.phy in the tempor.l and fr.ntal lobes of the *** is accompanied by pr.gr.ssive cognitive dysfunction,behavior.l changes,difficulties in under.tanding or.pr.ducing speech,and often also neur.psychiatr.c symptoms(Haapasalo and r.mes,2015).Mor.over.the clinical,genetic,and neur.pathological featur.s of FTLD may over.ap with those of amyotr.phic later.l scler.sis(ALS).Motor.dysfunction is commonly pr.sent in FTLD patients and a por.ion of ALS patients exper.ence fr.ntal and tempor.l lobe dysfunction(Smith et al.,2019).

关键词： degener.tion patients

Food safety management and r.gulation:Inter.ational exper.ences and lessons for.China

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Jour.al of Integr.tive Agr.cultur. 2015年第11期14卷 2218-2230页

作者： L Unnevehr.V hoffmann Agr.cultur.l and Consumer.Economics University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Inter.ational Food Policy r.sear.h Institute

China is exper.encing r.pid ur.anization, changes in diets, and moder.ization of food r.tailing and pr.duction. In this context, food safety can become a gr.ater.concer. for.a var.ety of r.asons. The pur.ose of this ar.icle is to r.view the inter.ational exper.ences and lessons r.gar.ing food safety management, r.gulation, and consumer.behavior. with the goal of identifying how to impr.ve food safety in middle income countr.es such as China. Inter.ational exper.ence in addr.ssing food safety pr.vides two gener.l kinds of lessons. Fir.t, a middle-income countr. such as China needs to develop the capacity to car.y out r.sk analysis in or.er.to better.focus public r.sour.es on the most impor.ant r.sks. Second, it will be impor.ant to lever.ge mar.et incentives so as to make the best use of limited public capacity to enfor.e standar.s. Inter. national exper.ences show that food safety management is feasible wher. mar.et incentives exist, and that public-pr.vate par.ner.hips can suppor. the pr.cess of impr.ving food safety management. Mar.et incentives r.quir. effective consumer.or.buyer.demand, mechanisms to identify and r.war. quality, and supply chain coor.ination. Public effor.s can be tar.eted to suppor.ing these mar.et developments for.the r.sks that ar. the gr.atest bur.en to public health.

关键词： food safety r.gulation supply chain coor.ination r.sk analysis

The ubiquitin ligase Siah2 is r.vealed as an accomplice of the andr.gen r.ceptor.in castr.tion r.sistant pr.state cancer

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Asian Jour.al of Andr.logy 2013年第4期15卷 447-448页

作者： michael r.Fr.eman r.sear.h Division of Cancer.Biology and Ther.peutics Departments of Surgery Medicine and BiomedicalSciences Cancer Biology Program Samuel OschinComprehensive Cancer Institute Los Angeles CA90048 USA

The andr.gen r.ceptor.（Ar. r.mains the pr.mar. molecular.tar.et for.r.state cancer.（PCa） tr.atment and for.development of novel ther.pies. Pr.filing and other.analyses of human pr.state adenocar.inoma have shown that the Ar.is still functional dur.ng latestage disease in the absence of cir.ulating hor.one fol lowing castr.tion ther.py. The molecular.mechanisms that oper.te dur.ng this ＇cas tr.tion r.sistant＇ phase ar. still not well under.tood. Qi et al. have now implicated the ubiquitin ligase Siah2 as an impor.ant mediator.of Ar.action in castr.tion r.sis tant pr.state cancer.（Cr.C）. Siah2 was found to tar.et r.pr.ssed Ar.chr.matin complexes for.degr.dation, r.sulting in activation of Ar.egulated genes involved in tumor.cell pr.lifer.tion, cell motility and lipid metabolism. The author. show a r.quir.ment for.Siah2 activity for.PCa cell gr.wth under.conditions of low andr.gen, and also that tar.eting Siah2 r.sults in tumor.gr.wth suppr.ssion under.castr.te conditions. These findings identify a new mechanism of Ar.r.gulation in pr.gr.ssing disease as well as a novel enzymatic tar.et for.ther.peutic inter.ention. The Ar.is a wellstudied hor.one r.ceptor.that belongs to the lar.e nuclear.r.ceptor.gene super.amily. Ar.is activated by andr.gen binding （pr.ncipally 5：~dihydr.testoster.ne, 5DHT）, which elicits changes in Ar.r.sident cytosolic complexes, tr.nslocation of the r.ceptor.to cell nuclei, for.ation of multipr.tein tr.nscr.ptional complexes onchr.matin, and activation or.r.pr.ssion of gene expr.ssion. Exper.ments with in vivo model systems have pr.vided evidence that vir.ually all physiologic pr.cesses affected by andr.gens r.quir. the Ar.as a mediator.of molecular.effects at the gene level.1 Ar.is widely expr.ssed beyond the r.pr.ductive systems and is believed to play impor.ant r.les in sever.l nonr.pr.ductive tissues, including muscle and br.in. The fact that PCa gr.wth is initially dependent on the pr. sence of andr.gens in the cir.ulation, and that pr.stat

关键词： ligase r.vealed accomplice

Seismic behavior.of var.able fr.quency pendulum isolator

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Ear.hquake Engineer.ng and Engineer.ng Vibr.tion 2008年第2期7卷 193-205页

作者： V. r. Panchal r. S. Jangid Depar.ment of Civil Engineer.ng Indian Institute of TechnologyBombayPowaiMumbai 400076India

Ear.hquake per.or.ance of a flexible one-stor. building isolated with a var.able fr.quency pendulum isolator.（VFPI） under.near.fault and far.field gr.und motions is investigated. The fr.ctional for.es mobilized at the inter.ace of the VFPI ar. assumed to be velocity dependent. The inter.ction between fr.ctional for.es of the VFPI in two hor.zontal dir.ctions is duly consider.d and coupled differ.ntial equations of motion of the isolated system in the incr.mental for. ar. solved iter.tively. The r.sponse of the system with bi-dir.ctional inter.ction is compar.d with those without inter.ction. In addition, the effects of velocity dependence on the r.sponse of the isolated system ar. also investigated. Mor.over. a par.metr.c study is car.ied out to cr.tically examine the influence of impor.ant par.meter. on bi-dir.ctional inter.ction effects of the fr.ctional for.es of the VFPI. These par.meter. ar.： the super.tr.ctur. time per.od, fr.quency var.ation factor.（FVF） and fr.ction coefficient of the VFPI. Fr.m the above investigations, it is obser.ed that the dependence of the fr.ction coefficient on r.lative velocity of the system does not have a noticeable effect on the peak r.sponse of the system isolated with VFPI, and that the bi-dir.ctional inter.ction of fr.ctional for.es of the VFPI is impor.ant and if neglected, isolator.displacements will be under.stimated and the super.tr.ctur. acceler.tion and base shear.will be over.stimated.

关键词： base isolation bi-dir.ctional inter.ction super.tr.ctur. flexibility near.fault gr.und motion fr.ction coefficient far.field gr.und motion VFPI

Human-Like r.bot Sensing Mediated by Body Heat

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Jour.al of Bionic Engineer.ng 2014年第1期11卷 82-89页

作者： r. Andr.w r.ssell Depar.ment of Electr.cal and Computer.Systems Engineer.ng Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia

This paper.pr.sents a novel r.botic sensor.system that can monitor.volatile chemicals and air.low. The system is modelled on char.cter.stics of the human body that ar. thought to have a significant influence on the human odour.and air.low senses. In par.icular. the effect of buoyant air.low due to body heat acts to gather.volatile chemicals over.lar.e ar.as of the human body and car.y them to the nose. It is postulated that this effect incr.ases the r.ceptive ar.a for.human olfaction. In addition, the inter.ction between r.sing air.heated by the body and exter.al air.low pr.duces a temper.tur. distr.bution about head height that can be used to infer.air.low dir.ction and magnitude. A heated sensor.system was constr.cted to investigate these effects and the r.sulting sensor.was mounted on a mobile r.bot. The design of the sensor.system is descr.bed. r.sults ar. pr.sented which demonstr.te its ability to measur. air.low dir.ction and detect chemical signals over.a wider.r.ceptive field compar.d with an unheated sensor.

关键词： sensing volatile chemicals sensing air.low human body heat biomimetic r.bots

Ser.iceability analysis of deep under.r.und openings dr.ven in jointed-r.ck

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第6期27卷 1019-1024页

作者： Abdellah Wael r. Mining and Metallur.ical Engineer.ng Depar.ment Faculty of Engineering University of Assiut Assiut 71515 Egypt

The per.or.ance of under.r.und excavations is inevitably influenced by r.ck mass char.cter.stics, pr.sence of joints and their.geometr.cal pr.per.ies, depth below sur.ace and state of in-situ str.ss field. The objective of this paper.is to investigate the behaviour.of deep under.r.und tunnel opening existed between two bedding planes, Such planes weaken the str.ngth of r.ck mass and may cause r.ck slippage/r.tation along them. Ther.for., the state of str.ss-displacement, after.tunnel opening has been intr.duced, is examined using two-dimensional elasto-plastic finite-elements code, r.^(2D). The r.sults indicate that, ther. is significant dr.p in the nor.al str.ss along joints over.tunnel opening; slip occur. due to r.ver.al in the dir.ction of shear.str.ss(e.g., inwar. shear.displacement is pr.duced) and ther. is discontinuity in the str.ngth contour. of r.ck sur.ounding tunnel after.they have been inter.ected by bedding planes.

关键词： State of str.ss-displacement Bedding planes Tunnel per.or.ance Depth of failur. zones Stability analysis